فصلنامه نوید نو
پیاپی 65 (بهار 1397)

Abstract

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing in the world wide. Patients withmetabolic syndrome have abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia hyperglycemia, and hypertension. Thepurpose of this study was to determine the predictor factors of metabolic syndrome based on WalkerHealth-Promoting lifestyle in women in Gonabad, 2014.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 239 women who weresuffering from metabolic syndrome in Gonabad city, in 2014. HPLP (health promotion lifestyleprofile) questionnaire was used for data gathering. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.

Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between lifestyle average score and age,smoking, income, and occupation (P<0.05). There was not a significant association between lifestyleaverage score and the duration of illness, place of residence, education, type of living and alcoholconsumption (P>0.05). The lowest score was for physical exercising 10.97 ±2.99 and the highest forinterpersonal relationships 27.38±7.19. The most direct effect was social relations (R2= 0.329) andthe least direct effect was nutrition (R2= 0.164) and in the overall social relations (R2= 0.331) wasstrongest predictor of metabolic syndrome based on the Walker.

By considering relationship between metabolic syndrome and its life style, it seems necessary attention need to life style.

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) on depression and anxiety in women with binge eating disorder. This study was semi experimental pretest - posttest with follow-up session after 6 weeks with the control group. The population of the study include all women with binge eating disorder in Tehran that referred to the obesity treatment, and 16 people were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly divided into two groups (8 control) and (8 experimental). Then two groups completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory ( BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). After data collection, analysis was done by multivariate covariance analysis )MANCOVA) using SPSS-24 software. The significance level was considered at (α>0.05) The mean scores of depression in the experimental group in the pre-test, post-test, follow up, were respectively (42.7, 31.8, 31.5) and in the control group were (41.1, 42.1, 40.1) also, the mean of anxiety in the experimental group in the pre-test, post-test, follow up were (37.7, 25.1, 27.6) and in the control group (36.2, 35.2, 37.3). It can be said that reduction in mean score of anxiety and depression is seen in the experimental group. And these differences were significant between two groups (α ≤ 0.05). Emotion-focused therapy by strengthening emotional processing and emotional awareness makes changes in the emotional schemas and by replacing compatible response, led to reduction in anxiety and depression in the women with binge eating disorder.

Abstract The Jacobson and Benson relaxation are systematic techniques that can be used to obtain deep relaxation. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two relaxation techniques (Jacobson & Benson) on depression in the elderly. The method of this study was semi-experimental. Among all elderly in JahanDideghan home of Boroujen, who had the conditions to enter the present study, 30 people selected and after completing the Beck Depression Inventory as a pre-test, they were divided into three groups of 10 people (controls, Benson relaxation and Jacobson relaxation). In the following, experimental groups performed relaxation exercises for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. In the end, Beck Depression Inventory was completed again as a post-test by the elderly. To analyze the statistical data, paired t-test and repeated measures test were used. According to the results of paired t-test, mean scores of depression before and after intervention significantly different in the two experimental groups (P=0/001). However, this difference was not significant in the control group (P=0/34). Also, based on the results of repeated measures test, there was a significant difference between Benson and Jacobson relaxation groups (P=0/04), which means that the Jacobson relaxation group improved more than the Benson relaxation group. According to the results of this study, Jacobson and Benson relaxation methods have a significant effect on depression in the elderly and can be used as useful tools for depression improvement in elderly care centers.

Abstract Violence against women is a public health problem and a human rights violation of worldwide significance. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of violence against women referring Shiraz ShahidRajae hospital in 2016. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 adult women inShiraz in 2015-16. Data were collected by a checklist of 22 questions in two parts (clinical anddemographic information). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 16. The significance level wasconsidered at 0.05. The mean age of women was 34.44 ±13 years. 72.5% of them were married.The findings of the study showed that the majority of the women (33.3%) had hand trauma.Also, the results of this study showed that, 69.2% of cases were confinement to the hospital forfurther care. Most of the assaults (24.2%) reported in the spring.65.8% of women referred to the hospital by ambulance and others went to it by private car. As regards to that violence against women has physical and emotional injuries, so it isnecessary to pay attention to it. To overcome this problem, investment, planning and building aculture in the field of respecting women's rights is recommended.

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan with a global prevalence, which infects a wide range of hosts such as humans, domestic mammals, and birds. Humans and other vertebrates are indirectly infected with the parasite through ingesting oocytes. We aimed to evaluate the sero-epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in patients visiting Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, in 2015. We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study of 306 patients visiting Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, in 2015. In case of the patients’ consent, a demographics form was completed by a trained individual, and 5 cc of blood was simultaneously drawn for the detection of toxoplasmosis. The blood samples were centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 min. Then, ELISA was carried out for measuring the anti-Toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM). Finally, to analyze the data, t-test and Fisher’s exact test were run in SPSS, version 22. The mean age of the patients was 25.56±5.8 years. Of the 306 patients, 270 (88.2%) were female and 36 (11.8%) were male. We found a significant relationship between age and the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (P<0.05). However, there was no significant association between gender and the prevalence of this parasite (P˃0.05). The overall prevalence of IgG specific for T. gondii was 34%, this rate among women and men was 34.4% and 33.6%, respectively. In total, the prevalence of IgM for T. gondii was 6.6%. Our study showed that the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in Mashhad, like other regions of Iran, is high. Thus, preventive measures should be adopted

Pregnancy, as one of the most sensitive stages of women's lives, is associated with a plethora of physiological and biomechanical changes, which leads to complaints. Any type of planning for the elimination of pregnancy problems requires exact recognition of these problems and their effective factors. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the common complaints during pregnancy and their effective factors among pregnant mothers at 24-20 week’s gestation in Mashhad, Iran, 2017.

In the cross-sectional descriptive study, 107 primiparous women at 20-24 weeks gestation who presented to comprehensive health care centers in Mashhad were selected through the simple random sampling method and then were assessed. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20.

About 67% of the participants had common complaints during pregnancy. The first most frequent complaint was exhaustion and fatigue (mean: 2.71±1) and swollen feet had the least frequency rate (mean: 4.11±0.1). Also, in the investigation of the factors affecting the reduction of complaints some factors were more effective (i.e., swollen feet: keeping the legs slightly higher than the body level [33%], leg cramps: daily intake of milk and dairy products [34.9%], heartburn: avoiding empty or full stomach [28.5%], and constipation: consuming plenty of fruits and vegetables [37.3%) and fluids (38.3%]).

Based on trimester, pregnant women have some common complaints due to their individual characteristics. For instance, 67% of the participants complained of unusual fatigue. By providing recommendations and physical exercises effective on reducing complaints, the body of pregnant women can adapt to pregnancy changes, which minimizes the incidence of common complaints.

Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most important species of coagulase-negative Staphylococci and causes various nosocomial infections, such as urinary tract infections. Therefore, attention to the resistance pattern of this organism, especially resistance to methicilin, is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from urine specimens in hospitals of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

This study was conducted on 50 urine samples (in volumes of 20 ml) obtained from patients with urinary tract infections from ChaharMahal and Bakhtiari hospitals in sterile containers. The samples were tested by culture and molecular methods. After the molecular confirmation of the isolated strains, a simple disk diffusion test was used to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern. In addition, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was employed to determine the Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types.

Out of the 50 samples, 23 specimens (46%) were infected with Staphylococcus epidermidis, which had 16srDNA gene in the PCR test. Antimicrobial resistance pattern was determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. All isolates had multi-antibiotic resistance. In this regard, the isolates showed the highest resistance to penicillin (95.65%) and tetracycline (91.30%) and the lowest resistance to nitrofurantoin (34.78%). Furthermore, 73.91% of the isolates were the carriers of mecA gene. The SCCmec III (47.05%) was the most common type of chromosomal cassette mecA gene in methicillin-resistant isolates.

The prevalence of resistance to a wide range of antibiotics in the first- and second-line treatment among strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis shows the distribution and dissemination of these strains in the hospitals of ChaharMahal and Bakhtiari province. Consequently, it is necessary to select the medication based on the antibiogram result.