فهرست مطالب

فرهنگ زیارت - پیاپی 29 (زمستان 1395)

فصلنامه فرهنگ زیارت
پیاپی 29 (زمستان 1395)

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/12/18
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • S. Mohammad Reza Hosseini Jalali Page 7
    Karbala has constantly been regarded as one of the holy cities and been special for Shiites; but the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (AS) and his companions in Ashura in the year 61 AH, has manifolded the sanctity and importance of the city; so that since then, Shiites from all over the world have regarded the city of Karbala and the martyrs buried there with praise and worship and have even prostrated themselves on the soil of this holy land. From the 20th of Safar in 61 AH when Imam Sajjad (AS) and after him, Jabir ibn Abdullah Ansari went to visit Imam Hussein’s tomb in Karbala, this holy shrine became a Qibla for devotees of Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and this paved the way for the migration of children and lovers of Ahl al-Bayt (AS) family. Among the immigrants to Karbala was a group of Shiite scholars who spread the teachings of Ahlul-Bayt (AS) in this city. This article contains material on the importance and sanctity of the city of Karbala among Shiites and addresses topics such as reasons for the importance of Karbala and its earliest pilgrims and the role of Imam Sajjad (AS) after the Ashura event, and in the end, has noted the Shiite scholars city in Karbala, especially family, “Al Tomeh” and along with introducing eight of them, has named some of their works too.
    Keywords: Karbala, Imam Hussein (AS), Imam Sajjad (AS), Aal Tomeh
  • Hafiz Najafi Page 15
    Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and his Ahlul-Bayt (AS) have a unique position among humans which in addition to a Godly gift, it is the result of ethical virtues and and adequacy of these honorable figures; so that, throughout Islamic history, their followers and even their enemies and opponents have always been fascinated with their glory and high status. Now that the possibility of benefiting from the valuable presence of Ahlul-Bayt (AS), the best way of benefiting from their virtues and benefactions is by visiting their illuminated shrines and reading their pilgrimage litters; pilgrimage letters that are laden with virtues and miracles of Ahlul-Bayt (AS). It is clear that the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) are infallible and God’s electives on earth and enjoy the station of chastity and God in the Quran, has greeted them alone. Shiites regard Ahl al-Bayt (AS) as authority (Ulul-Amr) and leaders of Muslim community and consider this status to be only befitting an infallible human being. These owners of the Godly mysteries enjoy intercession status before God and are manifestations and a criterion of truth that paying visit to their shrines is to remember and recognize this truth. This paper, along with outlining the prominent position of Ahlul- Bayt (AS) before God, expresses some of their attributes from the perspective of pilgrimage letters.
    Keywords: The Prophet (AS), Ahlul-Bayt (AS), pilgrimage letters, virtues, status
  • Ruhollah Zeinali Page 37
    In many Sunni and Shiite traditions, pilgrimage on foot has been greatly emphasized, and Arbaeen pilgrimage has been known among the signs of a believer. The importance of going on Arbaeen pilgrimage by foot is emphasized when, in numerous traditions of the Infallible Imams, the human and Islamic values manifested in this great Shiite convention are noted. Arbaeen march can be explored from various aspects. This article explores the human and spiritual aspects inherent in this event. Each of Islamic and human values are divided into two categories: individual and social. Personal values include: consistency of faith and deeds, patience and tolerance, strengthening the will, trust, selfknowledge, strengthening perseverance, self-confidence, kindness and benevolence, increasing humility, strengthening the spirit of forgiveness, hereafter-centeredness and self-Jihad that Muslims and non-Muslims agree on the need to strengthen or create them. Social values also include those beliefs, attitudes, behaviors, norms, situations, affairs and desired circumstances that lead to an increase in constructive interactions between people in the community. This article examines each of these Islamic and human values in the light of general and particular traditions.
    Keywords: Arbaeen pilgrimage, Istihbab of pilgrimage on foot, personal values, social values
  • Siddigheh Khaleghi Page 61
    Visiting the graves of the dead, has long been agreed by Shia and Sunni scholars and has benefits such as being a reminder of death and the Day of Judgment and self-purification. The Quran too has mentioned it in Surahs of Tawbah, Kahf and Nisa and numerous Shiite and Sunni commentators have interpreted the permission or recommendation to visit the shrines. Also general and specialized Hadith books are full of traditions that endorse this permission and recommendation. Sire of companions and followers also shows their interest in visiting the graves of prominent figures, the martyrs and other deceased ones. In the past century, however, some radical Islamic groups including Wahhabis and Salafists led by Ibn Taimiyah, by misinterpreting Qur’an verses and referring to antiquated traditions, have regarded the visiting graves of the deceased as Haraam and even consider the visitor as mahdur al-dam. This paper, by presenting Quranic verses and Nabawi traditions and explaining the lives of his Companions and followers, attemptsto prove the legitimacy and Istihbab of Visiting the graves of the deceased and in this respect, presents some of the traditions cited by Salafists and considers them obsolete. Ultimately, it regards the behavior of Ibn Taimiyah and his followers as heresy.
    Keywords: Visiting Graves, Legitimacy, Sunni Islam, Quran, Hadiths
  • Mohammad Javad Mohsenzadeh Page 93

    Islamic history is full of popular and liberation uprisings. At the top of these reform and rights movements, is the uprising of Imam Hussein (AS) against the rule of Yazid that apparently led to the killing ofImam Hussein and his followers and captivity of the family of the Prophet; But in fact, it was blood that defeated the sword and Yazid and Yazidis were always ashamed throughout history. The most important factor in getting the red message of Ashura to the next generations, was the mature behavior of the Aqilatu Bani Hashim. It was he who held the first mourning for his brother and even held mourning sessions in the center of Umayyad dynasty, and in these mourning sessions, attempted to illuminate people against Yazid’s government and prove the rightfulness of Imam Hussain’s bloody uprising. In the history of Islam, the mosque and pulpit have always played a role in the political and social developments like popular forms of media. Zainab Kobra too benefitted from this traditional medium and like an editor-in-chief to the medium of Ashura, managed the notifications of Ahlul-Bayt from this bloody uprising and started to expand the cause its various dimensions. This paper, by referring to the events in the aftermath of Ashura, introduces Zeinab Kobra 3 as the editor-in-chief of Ashura Medium who had the most significant role in getting Ashura’s red message to next generations.

    Keywords: Zeinab Kobra(S.A), Ashura, Media, Editor-In-Chief, Message
  • Gholamreza Goli Zavvareh Page 113
    Traditionally, tribal way of living has been prevalent in the Arabian Peninsula and the people of this land have lived in small and large tribes. Common customs have led to the creation of friendship bonds and even marriages between different tribes. Sometimes, there were clashes between different tribes that would turn into short battles or long-term wars between the clans involved; years-long wars between two tribes of Aws and Khazraj in Medina were instances of such battles. One of the great and influential tribes in Islam’s history is Bani Asad which has had a leading role in early Islam developments, and we see its name and its people’s names in early Islamic events. This article introduces Bani Asad tribe and after pointing out to their spirit of chivalry and bravery, presents the history of this tribe of from age of ignorance to early Islam. Then the presence of some members of this tribe in Hilf al-Fudul Alliance and the battles of Badr, Uhud and Siffin and their refusal to swear allegiance to the first caliph. In what follows, point out to their role in Ashura event, especially the funeral of Karbala martyrs. And finally, the families affiliated with Bani Asad tribe and some notorious individuals from this tribe are named.
    Keywords: Bani Asad, Tribe, Islamic History, Ashura, Saudi Arabia
  • Mohammad Ali Ardestani Page 155
    Karbala event and Imam Hussein’s bloody uprising is one of the most important and influential events in Islamic history, especially the turbulent history of Shiism, which is of great importance to Shiites both historically and in terms of beliefs and culture; In a way that it has devoted a large part of Shiite oral and written literature to itself and even Sunni and Shiite poets and writers as well as liberal non- Muslims from around the world have written in this regard. One of the Shiite figures and scholars who have written about the bloody uprising of Imam Hussein (AS) and the great event of Karbala, is the famous researcher and scholar and scientist, Sheikh Abbas Qomi and his work “Nafas Al-Mahmum” is of the valuable works in this regardand includes correct traditions related from historical books of Shiites and Sunnis. This valuable book was translated by the famous sage, Abol Hasan Sharani and he gave the name “Dam’ Al-Sujum” to it. Sha’rani, beside translating the book, has done studies and various innovative literal, historical, religious, ideological, dignitaries and biographies and translations. This paper has represented, along with introducing the book mentioned, Allama Sha’rani’s innovative research and reflections on issues related to the martyrdom of Imam Hussein.
    Keywords: Imam Hussein, Nafas Al-Mafhum, Dam Al-Sujum, Mohaddeth Qomi, Allama Sharani