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Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research - Volume:15 Issue: 3, Summer 2017

Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research
Volume:15 Issue: 3, Summer 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/07/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Zahra Dehghanizadeh_Saeed Gharcheh_Kazem Asghari_Hasan Shabani_Majid Eydi - Baygi * Page 1
    Background
    Different investigations indicated the role of cognitive processes in the development of anxiety and depression. Cognitive emotion regulation refers the way in which cognitive processing confront with stressful situations. The current study aimed at predicting the symptoms of depression and anxiety through cognitive emotion regulation in the male students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
    Methods
    The current descriptive study was conducted on all the male students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences studying at the university in 2016. The study sample included 204 subjects selected by the multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS) - 21 and the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 23 using the Pierson correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
    Results
    The results showed a significant positive relationship between depression and self - blame (r = 0.32), depression and rumination (r = 0.33), depression and catastrophic thinking (r = 0.48), depression and other-blame (r = 0.40), anxiety and self - blame (r = 0.28), anxiety and rumination (r = 0.33), anxiety and catastrophic thinking (r = 0.47), and depression and other - blame (r = 0.45). Also, the results showed that the level of depression and anxiety students are predictable with regard to the negative cognitive emotion regulation. Among the cognitive emotion regulation strategies, catastrophic thinking could predict depression. Also, among the cognitive emotion regulation strategies, catastrophic thinking and other-blame could predict the anxiety.
    Conclusions
    It seems that negative emotions correlate with anxiety and depression in medical students.
    Keywords: Emotion Regulation Strategies, Anxiety, Depression
  • Zohreh Farahnejad, Mohammad Izadpanah, Abdolmajid Ghasemian, Farshad Nojoomi * Page 2
    Background
    The prevalence of bacterial drug resistance and consequently the reduction of antibiotic effects on bacteria encourages researchers to seek appropriate and low-risk alternatives for treatment of infectious diseases. Nanoparticles and herbal extracts can be considered as good alternatives to antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles in comparison to Seidlitzia rosmarinus extract on multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae).
    Methods
    S. aureus and K. pneumoniae were isolated from urinary tract infections. Doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/mL of alcoholic extract of Seidlitzia rosmarinus and also 5, 10, 20, and 80 µg/mL of silver nanoparticles were added to Agar with S.aureus or K. pneumoniae. Then, Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated.
    Results
    Seidlitzia rosmarinus extracts conferred a noticeable effect on S. aureus (MIC = 100 mg/mL and MBC = 100 mg/mL), while silver nanoparticles were a higher inhibitory effect on K. pneumoniae (MIC = 5 µg/mL and MBC = 10 µg/mL). Both the extract and nanoparticles inhibited dose dependently the growth of S. aureus and K. pneumoniae.
    Conclusions
    It seems that Seidlitzia rosmarinus extract and silver nanoparticles prevent the growth and proliferation of S.aureus and K. pneumoniae in a dose dependent manner.
    Keywords: Silver Nanoparticles, Urinary Tract Infections, Multidrug Resistant, Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • Negin Nasseh, Iman Nasseh, Maryam Khodadadi, Alireza Beirami, Mohammad Kamranifar * Page 3
    Background
    Nowadays, with extensive industrialization, pollution of heavy metals in the environment has increased significantly, which is considered a serious environmental risk for toxicity, carcinogenicity, and biological accumulation. Meanwhile, lead is one of the most important systemic toxic heavy metals, which attacks most organs of the body after adsorption. The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of green almond hull (Prunus amygdalus- Fascionello) magnetized with Fe3O4 to remove lead from aqueous solution.
    Methods
    In this study, the structural characteristic of green almond hull magnetized with Fe3O4 was investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. Also, the effect of different parameters, including pH (2 to 10), mixing speed (0 to 250 rpm), adsorbent dose (1 to 7 g/L), initial concentration (10 to 100 mg/L), and contact time (5 to 200 minutes) was examined to study lead adsorption process by the desired adsorbent. Finally, the experimental data obtained from the equilibrium tests were analyzed using Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms models.
    Results
    The results of this study showed that the maximum removal efficiency was obtained at pH 9 and adsorbent dose of 5 g/L. The removal efficiency was reduced by increasing the initial concentration of lead, and increasing contact time and mixing speed. The maximum lead adsorption at optimal conditions was 91.34%. The results also showed that the resulting data often followed the Langmuir isotherm.
    Conclusions
    According to the results, it could be concluded that green almond hull (Prunus amygdalus-Fascionello) magnetized with Fe3O4 could be used as an affordable and proper adsorbent in removal of lead from aqueous solutions.
    Keywords: Lead, Almond Green Hull, Fe3O4, Aqueous Solutions
  • Iraj Mirzaii-Dizgah *, Aboulfazl Khademi Page 4
    Objectives
    The object of the research was to examine stimulated saliva and serum C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) prior and following the experience of hypobaric hypoxia process (EHHP) in an altitude chamber in aviators.
    Methods
    A total of 40 healthy aircrew (age: 31.8 ± 6.0 years; BMI: 25.6 ± 2.7 Kg/cm2) experienced hypobaric chamber. Hs-CRP levels were assayed in stimulated whole saliva and serum before and after intervention by the ELISA method and were statistically analyzed by the paired student’s t test.
    Results
    Mean serum hs-CRP concentration was significantly increased following intervention (before: 1.78 ± 0.33 µg/mL versus after: 2.58 ± 0.45 µg/mL) (p = 0.02). Stimulated saliva hs-CRP level was also significantly higher following EHHP (1.71 ± 0.17 ng/mL) compared to before experiencing it (0.79 ± 0.12 ng/mL, P = 0.007).
    Conclusions
    It seems that the salivary and serum levels of hs-CRP rise following the experience of hypobaric hypoxia process.
    Keywords: Aviation, Hypoxia, Altitude, hs, CRP, Saliva
  • Shahnaz Tofangchiha *, Banafshe Dormanesh, Peyman Rezaie Page 5
    Background And Objectives
    Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide and it has been reported that the prevalence of overweightness and dyslipidemia increases in military personnel. This study was designed to evaluate the independent or combined effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on blood lipid profile and body weight in overweight military male personnel.
    Methods
    Overall, 120 overweight males were allocated to 4 groups, including 1, Calcium supplementation (2 tablets per day; each containing 500 mg of calcium carbonate); 2, vitamin D supplementation (2 tablets per day; each containing 200 IU of vitamin D3); 3, Ca Vit D supplementation (2 tablets per day; each containing 500 mg calcium carbonate plus 200 IU vitamin D3); and 4, Placebo (2 tablets per day, containing micro-cellulose). In all groups, blood lipid, body weight, and anthropometric indices were measured at baseline and after 6 weeks. Changes of lipid profile and body weight following intervention were calculated as before minus after the intervention. Data was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post hoc test.
    Results
    Serum triglycerides and total cholesterol significantly decreased in the calcium-treated group more than the other groups (P
    Conclusions
    It seems that Ca or Ca plus Vit D supplements decrease triglycerides, total Cholesterol, LDL, and body weight in overweight patients.
    Keywords: Calcium, Vitamin D, Lipid Profile, Body Weight, Military Personnel, Overweight Men
  • Mojtaba Ghaednia Jahromy, Iman Ansari, Maryam Ghaednia Jahromy, Masoud Rezagholizamenjany, Seyyed Mojtaba Mirzadeh, Athar Rasekh Jahromi * Page 6
    Congenital abnormalities of the uterus occur due to inappropriate formation, fusion, or absorption (resorption) of mullerian duct in uterus. The present study aimed at evaluating a patient with double uterus and twin pregnancy. This patient was a 19- year- old female and the first day of her last menstrual was on 14/11/2010. We observed transabdominal ultrasound abdomen and pelvis of the uterus and twins in the ultrasound center. On the vaginal ultrasound, the gestational sac and heart rate for both fetuses were observed, then, the patient was taken to the operating room for elective termination of pregnancy, and cesarean section was performed on both the uterus and the healthy boy fetuses were taken out. We concluded from this case that we should consider and manage deliveries and pregnancies before experience clarifies the ideal management.
    Keywords: Double Uterus, Single Cervix, Twin