Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research
Volume:15 Issue: 4, Autumn 2017

According to the current evidence, the effectiveness of using single patient rooms heavily depends on the cultural characteristics of each country, yet to this date no independent study has been conducted on this issue in Iran. Therefore, in the present study, factors affecting the satisfaction of individuals with single patient rooms versus shared patient rooms was investigated in hospitals of Iran.
In this cross-sectional analytical study, which was conducted during year 2017, the satisfaction of 132 patients admitted in single patient and shared patient rooms was investigated. The subjects of this study were randomly selected from patients admitted to two different hospitals in the city of Tehran. The data were collected using a two-part questionnaire. All the obtained data were analyzed by Student T-test, using SPSS version 17. The significance level was 0.05.
The mean total satisfaction scores were 75.1 ± 7.83 and 56.19 ± 10.16 in single type and shared type accommodation, respectively. The difference seen in total satisfaction score was statistically significant.
Single occupancy is an independent factor that can increase the level of patient satisfaction. The most important advantages of single patient rooms are improved quality of sleep, preserving patients’ privacy and autonomy in order to achieve greater control over their environment, and better communication with staff and healthcare workers. These results can help health system policy makers improve their services.

The current study aimed at evaluating the quality gap in educational services by the medical students of Iran and AJA universities of medical sciences.
The current cross sectional study was conducted on 82 medical students taking part voluntarily. The service quality (SERVQUAL) form was applied. This form assayed the quality break of educational service (security, responsiveness, empathy, reliability, and tangibility). The score of the break in quality of educational services was computed by perception minus expectation scores. Data were analyzed by the Wilcoxon and Mann - Whitney U tests. P There was quality break in all five dimensions of educational services in both universities. The largest and smallest breaks were detected in security and empathy, respectively, in both universities. There was no significant difference in the quality break between the two universities.
The medical students’ expectations in Iran and AJA universities of medical sciences were higher than their perceptions of the existing situations; also, their expectations were not met in all dimensions of the services.

This study was carried out for analysis of aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) contents. Human health risk assessment of these elements in commercial fruit juices were collected from a market basket in Iran.
In the current study, a total of 48 samples of four popular brands of fruit juices were analyzed for levels of Al and Cu after digestion with acids using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and health index was obtained.
The results showed that the mean concentrations (mg/L) of Al and Cu in fruit juices samples were 1.24 and 0.03, respectively. Although, the mean levels of Al in samples were higher than maximum permissible limits (MPL), health risk assessment indicated that there is no potential risk to children and adults by consuming the commercial fruit juice.
Since the contents of Al in fruit juice samples with an average of 1.24 ± 0.36 mg/L were relatively higher than the MPL, control of metal-containing pesticides and chemical fertilizers residues in agricultural products and also prohibition of use the package containing a layer of aluminum in production process of the commercial fruit juice is recommended for food safety.

The purpose of the study was to investigate and compare the family function and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar spectrum disorders.
A sample included 52 patients with schizophrenia and 58 patients with bipolar spectrum disorders that referred to Sahamie hospital were selected through convenience sampling method. They were asked to answer the family assessment device and quality of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed by independent t-test statistics in SPSS.
Results showed that the two groups have no significant difference in family function and quality of life. Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders obtained the lowest score in the behavioral control and roles subscales of FAD and patients with bipolar spectrum disorders obtained the lowest score in the behavioral control and problem solving of it. Additionally, patients with schizophrenia spectrum obtained the lowest score in the physical and social relations dimensions of quality of life inventory. The ones with bipolar spectrum obtained the lowest score in the social relations, physical, and psychological dimensions of it.
These findings confirm the results of previous studies that showed patients with schizophrenia and bipolar spectrum disorder had family dysfunction and bad quality of life. It is important to pay attention to these factors during assessment, measurement, and implementation of treatment strategies.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) lives naturally in the human gut; however, emerging increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics in some strains leads to chronic infection. Thus, more studies have recently focused on the characterization of potential plant natural antimicrobial agents, with fewer side effects. In the present study, antibacterial effects of salvia (teucrium polium) and rosemary officinalis extract have been evaluated against clinical isolated E. coli from urinary samples.
In parallel with using Trimethoprim, Ceftriaxone, Cefixime, Cefotaxime, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Ceftazidime, and Meropenem against E. coli, salvia and rosemary plant extracts have also been used separately and in association with the antibiotics to detect the sensitivities of the bacteria to the components.
Salvia and rosemary had synergistic effects on ceftazidime against E. coli. The components decreased sensitivities of E. coli to some of the antibiotics.
Based on the results, salvia and rosemary are able to increase anti-E. coli effects of ceftazidime and can be considered as future supplementary components against the bacteria.

Adult attention-deficit/hyper activity disorder (ADHD) interacts with educational and occupational achievements. To introduce a valid screening tool for adult ADHD in Iranian students, the current study aimed at evaluating internal consistency and factor structure of adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS) Persian version 1.1.
ASRS Persian version 1.1 was filled by 240 Iranian medical students aged 18 - 24 years, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and factor analysis were performed with SPSS version 21.
Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.76.8 for ASRS. Factor analysis confirmed two factors of attention deficit and hyperactivity for ASRS Persian version.
ASRS Persian version 1.1 had adequate internal consistency and saved the two structure factors of the original questionnaire, the hyperactivity and the attention deficit.