فهرست مطالب

Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:18 Issue: 9, Sep 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/07/24
  • تعداد عناوین: 10
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  • Azam Malek Mohammadi *, Azizollah Ebrahimi, Mohammadreza Mahzonieh, Sharareh Lotfalian Page 1
    Background
    Endophytes are microorganisms which live within plant tissues without causing any apparent harm to their host. Endophytes have been found in nearly all plant families and can be a source of metabolites that are potential source of antibacterial drugs.
    Objectives
    In this study, we focused on the isolation of bacterial endophytes from three medicinal plants; Zataria multiflora, Achillea willhelmsii and Calendula officinalis L. and screening them for activities against some human bacterial pathogens isolated from nosocomial infections.
    Methods
    In this descriptive study random samples from asymptomatic leaves and branches of three medicinal plants namely: Zataria multiflora, Achillea willhelmsii and Calendula officinalis L. were collected from Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province of Iran in spring 2013. For isolation of endophytic bacteria, the disinfected portions of the plants were distributed onto the isolation media. To examine endophytic bacterial contents, the bioassays were conducted with using growing colonies in peptone agar (PA) and yeast extract agar (YEA) media, then inactivated them by chloroform. To assay antibacterial activity of endophytic bacterial culture broth, filter-sterilized supernatants were poured in cylinders on each bacterial plate.
    Results
    Nine discernible bacterial endophytes were isolated in purification from three medicinal plants. Generally, all isolated endophytes showed acceptable effects against indicator bacteria, however endophytes isolated from Zataria multiflora and Achillea willhelmsii were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than other endophytes.
    Conclusions
    Endophytes of examined medicinal plants could be a good source of antibacterial substances.
    Keywords: Antibacterial, Endophytes, Medicinal Plants
  • Mohammad Faezi Ghasemi *, Mina Nasiri Moslem, Mirsasan Mirpour Page 2
    Background
    Mycobacterium marinum is a ubiquitous, slow-growing nontuberclosis Mycobacterium (NTM), it can causes disseminated granulomatous infections in fish. Outbreaks in fisheries can be financially devastating and can also increase the chance of human exposure.
    Objectives
    The aim of this work was evaluating the effects of some environmental stresses on M. marinum CCUG 20998.
    Methods
    In this descriptive-analytic study M. marinum CCUG 20998 was subjected to different conditions of environmental stresses such as pH, oxidative, osmotic pressure, and temperatures. The effects of stresses were studied on growth, biofilm formation, and cell division and biochemical characteristics of M. marinum CCUG 20998.The growth data were analyzed by measuring colony forming unit (CFU) using SPSS software version 19.
    Results
    The results showed that sodium chloride and hydrogen peroxide at %10 and 9600 ppm concentrations inhibit. Marinum CCUG 20998 growths, respectively. Tolerance to pH = 11 and temperature at 82.5°C was detectable. Also, environmental stresses could affects on some biochemical characteristics of M. marinum CCUG 20998. Biofilm formation reduced upon using all stress conditions.
    Conclusions
    Bacteria are able to adapt to dramatically different environments, In the case of mycobacteria, there is direct correlation between stress and pathogenicity. The results obtained from this study provided useful information on survival and tolerance of M. marinum CCUG 20998 to different environmental conditions. Survival under stress conditions might not reflect the in vivo situation where host factors also contribute to establishment of the organism during infection.
    Keywords: Biofilm, Stresses, Biochemical, Characteristics, Mycobacterium marinum CCUG 20998
  • Neda Fallah*, Soheila Ebrahimi Page 3
    Background
    Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. The natural chemopreventive agent phenyl ethyl isothiocyanate (PEI) has been shown to inhibit cell growth in cancer cells. This natural antioxidant compound is derived primarily from watercress (Rorripa Nasturtium Aquaticum).
    Objectives
    The objective of this original paper is to study the inhibitory effects of different concentrations of watercress hydroalcoholic extract on growth inhibition of breast cancer and normal cells.
    Methods
    In this experimental study, Watercress (Rorripa Nasturtium Aquaticum) plant were collected from Nour, Mazandaran, Iran and dried. Then the hydroalcoholic extract were obtained from dried specimen. MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells have been treated with different concentrations of watercress extract (0 - 2 mg/mL) and after 24, 48, and 72 hours of incubation, cell viability test was performed through MTT Assay to investigate the inhibitory effect of watercress extract on cancer cells. The same test has been performed on Fibroblasts cells (HF2FF cell line) to investigate the effect of this extract on normal cells. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA method) followed by post hoc Tukey’s multiple comparisons test in SPSS 16 software.
    Results
    The mean values of MDA-MB-231 cells viability treated with different concentrations of watercress extract have meaningful differences and the mean value of cell viability has been decreased meaningfully (P
    Conclusions
    It is concluded that watercress (Rorripa Nasturtium Aquaticum) suppressed development of human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in a concentration dependent manner and it had not any meaningful impact on normal cells.
    Keywords: Watercress Hydroalcoholic Extract, Breast Cancer, Isothiocyanate, Rorripa Nasturtium Aquaticum
  • Mahnaz Kesmati, Zeinab Sargholi Notarki, Narges Issapareh, Mozhgan Torabi* Page 4
    Background
    Magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) are two essential elemnts for normal performance of central nervous system. So that the learning and memory are influenced by these ions that antagonized NMDA (N methyl-D-aspartate) receptor.
    Objectives
    This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) on passive avoidance memory in mice.
    Methods
    In this experimental study adult male NMRI mice weighing 25 ± 3g were used. ZnO and MgO nano particles (1, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg, intrapretoneally (i.p.) were injected pre-training in model of passive avoidance learning. Memory was evaluated at 1, 3 and 7 days after training. Delay time in coming down from the safe platform in step down apparatus was evaluated as an index of memory. Open field test was used for evaluation the locomotor activity.
    Results
    Nano MgO 2.5 and 5 mg/kg increased delay time in coming down from plateform at one day after training (P
    Conclusions
    It seems that various effects of nano ZnO and MgO on long term memeory is related to the different effects of Zn and Mg ions on receptors (such as NMDA) involved in memory process. Toxicity and/ or preservation of nanoparticle in body are another possible reasons.
    Keywords: Magnesium Oxide, Zinc Oxide, Nanoparticles, Memory
  • Aref Atefi, Fariba Binesh*, Jamshid Ayatollahi, Atefeh Atefi, Fatemeh Dehghan Mongabadi Page 5
    Background
    As regards the role of genetics in susceptibility to various diseases and similarity of microorganisms’ superficial monosaccharide to blood group antigens, blood group antigens may be considered as a risk factor for bacteremia. The present study aimed to determine the association between ABO blood groups/Rh and bacteremia risk in our center.
    Methods
    This study is a cross-sectional research consisting of 100 patients with symptoms of bacteremia from March to December 2014. Blood group was determined through tubular method, Cell Type and Back Type. After getting the results, the statistical significance of differences between groups was estimated by Chi-Square Test and Z-test. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.
    Results
    Among 100 patients with bacteremia, 48 and 52 were male and female, respectively. The patients’ mean age was 44.34 ± 31.91 years. Enterobacteriaceae (58%) and Staphylococcus aureus (27%) were the most common causes of bacteremia among these patients. In this study, Blood group A was found in 31% of patients, B in 33%, AB in 12% and O in 24%. 91% of patients were Rh positive and 9% were negative. We compared the relative frequency of blood group O with A, B and AB groups (in comparison with normal population in Yazd) and the difference was significant (P value = 0.036).
    Conclusions
    Our results show that there is an association between blood group antigens and chance of developing bacteremia. Conducting other studies with greater sample size is essential.
    Keywords: Bacteremia, ABO Blood Group System, Rh Factor
  • Sharareh Heidari, Arash Omidi *, Hamid Reza Gheisari, Saeed Nazifi Page 6
    Background
    Contrary to the proven benefits of iron, few concerns in producing the oxidative stress is remained problematic.
    Objectives
    The aim of the study was to evaluate the oxidative stress in the male Wistar rats fed bread supplemented with iron in different doses i.e., 35 (basic), 70 (two fold), 140 (four fold), and 210 mg/kg (six fold) with or without NaHCO3 (250 mg/kg).
    Methods
    In this experimental study Iron, ceruloplasmin, ferritin, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), albumin, total protein, uric acid and plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), were evaluated in 30 rats at the first and last day of the experiment (day 30). In addition, phytic acid levels were detected in all baked breads. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and t test procedure though SPSS statistical software version 20.
    Results
    Serum iron level in rats that received basic level of iron plus NaHCO3 decreased significantly in the last day of the trial. Higher level of serum iron was seen in rats that received iron twofold, fourfold and sixfold and rats that received iron fourfold plus NaHCO3. Serum ceruloplasmin and ferritin in groups of rats that received fourfold level of iron plus NaHCO3 and rats that received iron sixfold showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05). Serum total protein and uric acid in rats that received basic level of iron plus NaHCO3 and rats that received twofold level of iron showed a significant decrease. Serum total protein levels in rats that received fourfold level of iron showed a significant decrease. Bread with NaHCO3 showed higher phytic acid levels than other groups.
    Conclusions
    These results indicate that oxidative stress was not induced, whereas some antioxidant activities were significantly changed in rats that received iron-enriched bread.
    Keywords: Bread, Iron, Oxidative Stress, Rats, Wistar
  • Peyman Erfantalab, Nasim Zamani, Behrouz Hashemi-Domeneh, Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam *, Maryam Akhgri Page 7
    Introduction
    Amphetamines/methamphetamines are among the most significant central nervous system stimulant drugs of abuse. Agitation can masquerade very important complications of their abuse that can be life-threatening.
    Case Presentation
    We present a case of acute inhalational toxicity with amphetamine/ methamphetamine who was followed and treated by our residents for almost 12 hours for agitation.
    Conclusions
    His abdominal computed tomography showed a fatal complication later. Complete evaluation of the heart, brain, and abdomen is warranted in every amphetamine or methamphetamine-intoxicated patient who refers with loss of consciousness and agitation.
    Keywords: Amphetamine, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Poisoning, Hospital Mortality, Malpractice
  • Elham Ouspid, Payam Sariaslani* Page 8
    Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is rare in many parts of the world, but is prevalent among Southeast Asians. Usual presenting symptoms include recurrent epistaxis, otitis media and headache. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma may also mimic Gradenigo syndrome, which consists of otitis media, facial pain in the regions innervated by the first and second divisions of trigeminal nerve and abducens nerve paralysis. In this report, we present a case which was initially diagnosed as gradenigo syndrome but turned out to be an invasive nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
    Keywords: Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Gradenigo Syndrome, Abducens Palsy
  • Mohammad Hassan Lotfi, Naeimeh Keyghobadi*, Nasimeh Javahernia, Soheila Bazm, Arefeh Dehghani Tafti, Hamid Dehghan Tezerjani Page 9
    Background
    This study was designed to investigate the role of lifestyle factors associated with colorectal cancer risk in the population living in Yazd city.
    Methods
    This case-control study was conducted on 60 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 120 subjects without any sign of colorectal cancer in the city of Yazd. Data was analyzed through SPSS16 and by using Chi-square test and Logistic regression.
    Results
    The logistic regression model showed that smoking (OR = 7.79, P = 0.04) and History of diabetes (OR = 7.31, P = 0.04) were considered as associated risk factors for colorectal cancer.
    Conclusions
    The present study showed that smoking and history of diabetes were positively associated with colorectal carcinoma.
    Keywords: Colorectal Cancer, Life Style, Case, Control Study