فهرست مطالب

Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences - Volume:18 Issue: 12, Dec 2016

Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:18 Issue: 12, Dec 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/10/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 10
|
  • Alijan Ahmadi Ahangar *, Mehrdad Saravi, Shayan Alijanpour, Mostafa Mostafazadeh Boora, Samaneh Hoseinalipour, Hamed Hossein Zadeh, Hemat Allah Gholinia Page 1
    Background
    Myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke are the second and third leading causes of death in the world. By identifying the risk factors we can take the necessary measures to prevent the occurrence of these diseases.
    Methods
    In this retrospective study, 90 MI patients and 90 stroke patients 15 - 45 year admitted to hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences that randomly arranged by the time of hospitalization conducted. Demographics, laboratory test and risk factors were collected using check list. The data analyzed with McNemar and Npar tests by using SPSS 21 version software.
    Results
    The most common risk factor in young patient was a history of cerebrovascular disease that in stroke was 31 cases (34%) And in MI was 33 cases (37%). History of cerebrovascular disease with MI was significant 33 (37%), 57(63%), P = 0.047). A history of cardiovascular disease with stroke was significant (20 (22%), 70 (68), P = 0.001). A history of addiction with MI was significant (23 (26%), 67 (74%), P
    Conclusions
    Young peoples with a history of cerebrovascular, cardiovascular disease and addictions should be considering as target society. Primary health care system must identify high-risk individuals, and policy barriers that prevent implementation of programs to lower death rate.
    Keywords: Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, Risk Factor
  • Ladan Rahimzadeh Torabi, Monir Doudi Page 2
    Background
    Oral Candidiasis is fungal infection that affects the oral cavity. Oral infections caused by yeast of the genus Candida and particularly Candida albicans (oral candidiasis) have been recognized throughout recorded history.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to compare the antifungal effects of gold nanoparticles and dioxide titanium nanoparticles on patients with Oral Candidiasis patients. This review is to give the reader a contemporary overview of oral candidiasis, the organisms involved, and the management strategies that are currently employed or could be utilized in the future.
    Methods
    This experimental study has been done in Isfahan city totally with 56 numbers of patients suffering from Candidiasis in groups of different ages from hospitals and laboratories The resulted from swap in Sabouraud Dexteros agar and finally with complementary experiments 56 isolated Candida albicans (oral Candidiasis) detected and grew in culture milieu then gold nanoparticles (10 nanometers) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (10 - 15 nanometers) in different consistencies add to this milieu and the least density of halting and the least density of killing fungi for different suspension thinness containing Candida albicans. The data were analyzed by spss 15 version software.
    Results
    The results showed that gold nanoparticles have a good anticandidial effects and can be used to treat infections of Candida, it is recommended that further research considered the effects of different infections candidiasis in In vitro condition.
    Conclusions
    Using gold nanoparticles with 10 nanometer diameters have high antifungal effect on oral candidiasis and its function has been proved. In current study halting effect of gold nanoparticles on micro-organisms experimented in different densities was observed.
    Keywords: Gold Nano Particles, Dioxide Titanium Nano Particles, Candida albicans, Oral Candidiasis
  • Okocha Chide, Aneke John, Manafa Patrick, Nwogbo Samuel, Ibeh Nancy, Onah Christian Page 3
    Background
    Changes in serum micro nutrients levels affect a number of critically important metabolic processes; these could potentially influence blood counts and ultimately disease presentation in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA).
    Objectives
    To evaluate the influence of serum micro-nutrients levels; zinc, copper, selenium and magnesium on blood counts in steady state SCA patients.
    Methods
    A cross sectional study that involved 28 steady state adult SCA subjects. Seven milliliters (mls) of blood was collected; 3 mls was for hemoglobin electrophoresis and full blood count determination while 4 mls was for measurement of serum micro nutrients levels, by the atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Correlation between serum micro-nutrient levels and blood counts was done by the Pearson’s linear regression. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board and each participant gave informed consent. All data was analyzed by SPSS software version 20.
    Results
    There was a significant correlation between serum copper levels and mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), platelet and lymphocyte counts (r = 0.418; P = 0.02, r = -0.376; P = 0.04 and r = -0.383; P = 0.04, respectively). There were no significant correlations between serum levels of other micro nutrients (selenium, zinc and magnesium) and blood counts.
    Conclusions
    Copper influences blood count in SCA patients probably by inducing red cell haemolysis, oxidant tissue damage and stimulating the immune system.
    Keywords: Serum Copper Levels, Sickle Cell Anemia, Blood Counts
  • Mahmoud Yolmeh, Hasan Hamedi, Morteza Khomeiri Page 4
    Background
    Nowadays hazards of synthetic additives and preservatives have been identified, so researchers are looking to a natural and safe alternative for them. The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial effect of carotenoids of Rhodotorula glutinis on the some pathogenic bacteria and fungi.
    Methods
    This experimental study was done in Gorgan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources. After cultivating R. glutinis in 50 mL YPG broth at 30°C for overnight, cells were harvested by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes and were washed three times with distilled water. Cells were ruptured 3 times with 12 mL of acetone and broken using homogenizer. Then the suspension was centrifuged and the supernatant collected. The supernatant (contain pigments) was powdered using freeze-dryer. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by using the agar dilution method.
    Results
    Giving the results, carotenoids of R. glutinis was effective on the growth of all the tested bacteria, so that Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritidis were the lowest and highest sensitivity to this pigment, respectively. The highest MIC and MBC among the tested bacteria were observed for S. enteritidis and Escherichia coli, respectively; whereas MBC was not observed for S. enteritidis at concentrations of the tested pigment.
    Conclusions
    Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive than Gram-negative bacteria against the antimicrobial activity of pigments of R. glutinis. According to the results, pigments of R. glutinis can be used as an inhibitor of bacterial growth.
    Keywords: Rhodotorula, Carotenoids, Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Sayyed Gholam Reza Mortazavi Moghaddam*, Gholam Reza Sharifzadeh, Mohammad Reza Rezvani Page 5
    Background
    Due to variability of pleural fluid ADA measures in pleural tuberculosis, researchers have recommended the necessity of regional studies for determination of specific regional values.
    Objectives
    The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the values of pleural fluid ADA in diagnosis of Tuberculous pleural effusion in South Khorasan province.
    Methods
    A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients > 12 years old with exudative pleural effusion in South Khorasan province (east of Iran). Light criteria were used to define exudative effusion. Total ADA was determined calorimetrically by Diazyme ADA assay. The data were analyzed using t test, ANOVA and χ2 tests through Spss 16 version software.
    Results
    We studied 255 cases including 139 (54.5%) males and 116 (45.5%) females with mean age of 63.8 ± 18 years. There were 36 (14.1%) cases with Tuberculous pleural effusion and 219 (85.9%) cases of non-Tuberculous pleural effusion. Malignant and acute bacterial infection comprise 106 (41.6%) and 29 cases (11.4%), respectively. The mean levels and optimal cut off point of ADA in Tuberculous pleural effusion were40.2 ± 24.7 and 30 IU/L respectively. ADA in Tuberculous pleural effusion showed negative correlation with age (r = -0.40, p = 0.01), but weak positive correlation with fluid protein(r = 0.44, P = 0.007) and LDH (r = 0.32, P = 05).
    Conclusions
    Mean and cut off point of ADA was relatively low in patients with Tuberculous pleural effusion in South Khorasan province. The age of patients and fluid levels of protein, and LDH must be considered in interpretation of pleural fluid ADA levels.
    Keywords: Tuberculosis, Pleural Effusion, Adenosine Deaminase
  • Michaeline Isawumi *, Folasade Akinsola Page 6
    Background
    Knowledge of the status of eye diseases among students’ enrolled in the special schools would assist in planning preventive and treatment strategies.
    Objectives
    To determine the types and causes of ocular morbidity leading to enrolment of students in special schools of Osun state.
    Methods
    We conducted a cross-sectional study by utilizing a total-sampling-technique on students attending all 8 special primary and integrated secondary schools to find out the common ophthalmic diseases between July and September 2013. Teachers’ registers, oral interview and clinical examination were used to obtain data. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics through SPSS 17 software.
    Results
    Four hundred and seventy-two (472) students between the ages of 4 and 36 years with mean of 13.7 ± 4.7 were examined. Two hundred and seventy-six (58.5%) were males and one hundred-ninety- six were females. Fathers’ occupation were mostly farmers 142 (30.1%) and Artisans 133 (28.2%). Abnormal ocular findings were seen in 9.9% of students. The prevalence of blindness was 4.7% [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 2.7 - 6.6]. Anatomical causes of blindness were corneal scarring (2.1%) especially post measles keratopathy, whole globe disorders (1.1%), toxoplasma chorioretinal scars and maculopathies (0.6%), amblyopia/uncorrected refractive errors (0.4%) and cortical visual impairment (0.2% ). The prevalence of visual impairment was 1.4% [CI 0.0 -1.7], with cataracts and refractive error being the most common causes. Other findings included nystagmus (0.2%), vernal conjunctivitis (0.4%), and pigmentary retinopathy (4.2%). Ocular pathologies occurred most frequently among the lower socio-economic group (χ2 169.69, P
    Conclusions
    The common causes of ocular diseases leading to enrolment are avoidable. Mandatory eye examination at birth, preschool years and school age is needed for early detection and intervention. Health education, adequate nutrition, and immunization are required for prevention.
    Keywords: Eye, Health Status, Education Special
  • Masoud Ebrahimi, Alireza Abadi *, Haniyeh Bashizadeh Fakhar, Elaheh Fahimi Page 7
    A young woman with symptoms similar to common cold was referred to Vasei hospital of Sabzevar. The patient had travelled to Malaysia which was mentioned in her history. She hospitalized with symptoms of high fever, headache, and lethargy. Then, she underwent supportive therapy. In next day, the symptoms such as bone pain, myalgias, shortness of breath, abdominal pain, severe headache, eye strain and maculopapular lesions along with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea were appeared. Laboratory findings showed high grade fever, leukopenia, and severe thrombocytopenia. Considering the findings, dengue fever was diagnosed and the patient serum sample was sent to a reference laboratory for presence of Immunoglobulin M (IgM). The aim of this study was to introduce a new case of dengue fever in Iran.
    Keywords: Dengue Fever, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Thrombocytopenia
  • Manju Verma* Page 8
    Uterine rupture is a major obstetric hazard. It may lead to significant maternal morbidity and mortality, which depends proportionally upon delay in diagnosis, transport facilities and availability of blood. Rupture uterus may be seen in both scarred and unscarred uterus but more commonly in scarred uterus. Usually post rupture patient goes into shock but here we present here a case of 35 years old multigravida woman who had silent rupture of scarred uterus. Incidence, causes and treatment part of uterine rupture is discussed here.
    Keywords: UterineRupture
  • Alessandro Landi *, Nicola Marotta, Cristina Mancarella, Davide Colistra, Roberto Delfini Page 9
    Introduction
    Minimally invasive percutaneous surgery of the spine is used to treat thoracolumbar junction and lumbar spine fractures by percutaneous fixation. Once fusion has been obtained, it is possible to remove the percutaneous instrumentation after 6 - 12 months. We report the case of an obliged removal of the fixation system at 12 months following operation in a patient with a pre-existing compensated and asymptomatic idiopathic scoliosis.
    Case Presentation
    A 48-year-old patient affected by a compensated asymptomatic idiopathic scoliosis with an L3 type A3 fracture. The patient underwent a percutaneous short fixation L2 - L4. In the following months the patient presented progressive worsening of the low back pain and walking difficulties. The percutaneous fixation system was then removed using the same surgical access.
    Conclusions
    This particular case explains well the importance of biomechanical balance when a spinal fixation should be perform, and demonstrate how an underestimation of this aspect may cause a worsening of symptoms even if the surgical procedure was correctly performed. It is evident that the removal procedure can lead clinical benefit to a patient, in which the fixation system created a decompensation of the curvature of the spine, thus causing biomechanical alterations and generating pain. In these cases, it may be opportune to limit the fracture reduction during the surgical procedure to modify the least possible the pre-existing scoliosis and to increase the patient’s comfort after the operation. The biomechanical behaviour of the spine is specific for each patient so only a careful detection of it could lead to an optimal therapeutic result.
    Keywords: Percutaneous Short Fixation, Thoraco, Lumbar Junction, Burst Fracture, Surgery
  • Farahnaz Farzaneh* Page 10
    Uterine prolapse is herniation of the pelvic organ to vaginal walls or beyond the vaginal, walls as well as it is the most common gynecologic problem that has made by stretching and weakening of muscles and connective tissues. Incidence of total and partial uterine prolapse is around one per 10000 to 15000 deliveries. This study is about a 33- year-old Iranian (Balouch lady) G5P4L4 who had been reffered to maternal ward of Emam Ali hospital of Zahedan city in the 35 weeks and 3 dayes of gestation age with uterine prolapse and labor pain. She was prepared to Cesarian Section with normal lab analysis and was done emergency caesarean section and was born a baby boy with 2150 g and Apgar score10/10.
    Keywords: Pregnancy, Uterine Prolapse