Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:19 Issue: 4, Apr 2017

Post-kidney transplant survival relies on patient adherence to the intake of immunosuppressive medication. This study was performed to investigate complications associated with immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplantation.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 188 transplanted patients in Shahid Beheshti hospital of Babol in 2013. Check list and demographic questionnaire for data collecting were used. Then the data using were analyzed in SPSS.18 software by using chi-square test.
A total of 188 transplanted patients, 115 (61.2%) was male and mean age was 12.9 ± 42.9 years. 181 (96.3%) of the subjects had at least one complication. The most common complication in 142 cases (75.5%) was “excessive hair growth” and after this complication “increased blood sugar” had higher frequency and 119 (63.3%) had this complication. Severe form of gingival overgrowth in women was significantly that more than men (22 (30.1), 14 (12.2), P = 0.004), and the other side effect was not significant difference between men and women or different age groups (P > 0.05)
Finding show that nearly all transplanted recipients suffered from one complication which need to recognize, control and treatment. It suggested that period visiting for early diagnosis and education to patient was recommend.

Taking good care of patients admitted to ICU is an important issue especially concerning pregnant women and of course estimating severity of the illness is necessary. The goal of the study is to analysis the association of admission criteria of obstetrics/gynecologic (OB/GYN) cases with end results of the caring in Imam Ali hospital ICU of Zahedan city on 2015.
In this analytical study 86 cases of OB/GYN were admitted to Imam Ali Hospital ICU on 2015. Sampling was based on head counting. The recorded information included acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) criteria, mortality rate, and duration of hospitalization and ventilation requirement. The data was analyzed via SPSS ver.18 software and through t-test, Chi-square.
Age average of the patients was 27.35.3 years. Average APACHE.II score was: 11.34.7. Death risk of 75 (87.2%) cases was less than 10% and in one case it was more than 35% and in another case it was more than 75%. Death rate was 2.3% (2 patients died). Mean APACHE.II score associated with the dead was 324.2 and in case of the alive it was 10.83.5. Duration of hospitalization was 4.73.6 days which had a meaningful relationship with APACHE.II score of patients in need of ventilation was 14.76.1 and in other cases it was 9.93.1(P = 0.0001, r = 0.693). In 25 cases, the average number of days which they used ventilator was 4.95.3, which of course it had significant relationship with APACHE.II score (P = 0.00, r = 0.88).
The study indicates that APACHE.II scoring system is capable of estimating death rate and end results associated with the care of OB/GYN patients hospitalized in ICU.

Various chemical control methods have adopted in anti-malaria interventions. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) has been proven as a candidate in elimination program. On the other hand, resistance to multiple insecticides was implicated as a concern issue in these polices. Pesticides should be evaluated to identify probable resistant and make decision to choose a technique against vectors.
In this cross-sectional study, Bioassay test applied on lambdacyhalothrin WP 10% (0.05 mg a.i. /m2) and deltamethrin WP 5% (0.05 mg a.i./m2) on two surfaces (cement and plaster) against adult mosquitoes of Anopheles stephensi according to WHO criteria to measure the residual activity in Saravan county, southern Iran. Overall, 3960 mosquitoes was used in our research. The mortality rates of An.stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae) measured between selected surfaces and insecticides in several times. Data analyzed by Mann-Whitney (nonparametric test) using SPSS v22 statistic software.
This paper illustrated that maximal course of residual efficacy was about 3 months. No statistically significant different was exhibited between type of surface within mortality rates of An. Stephensi (P = 0.724) but lambdacyhalothrin has more durability than deltamethrin
We established that lambdacyhalothrin can be used into control and elimination setting of malaria with two rounds of spray at an interval of 3-4 months in south of Iran.

Parkinsonism is a progressive disorder of the nervous system for which only symptomatic treatment exists. Balance dysfunction and postural instability observed in persons with Parkinson’s disease are important components of the disability.
To investigate the effect of a selective 8-week Pilates exercises on the functional balance and falling risk in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.
This randomized controlled trial included 30 patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease who were selected as subjects non-randomly and purposely, and assigned into exercise groups or control group. Participants in exercise and control groups attended an 8-week Pilate’s program or walking program respectively. Functional balance and falling risk was evaluated using Fullerton balance scale (FAB) and timed up and go test (TUG), before and after interventions. In order to analyze the data paired samples T-test and independent samples T-test and SPSS version 22 were used.
Attending an eight-week Pilates exercise was associated with a significant improvement in functional balance and falling risk (P = 0.001), while the difference of the functional balance and falling risk, before and after performing the protocol, in control group was not significant (P = 0.364). Also the difference between the results of functional balance and falling risk scale scores of two groups in post-test were significant (P = 0.001).
Given that Pilate’s exercises involve both musculoskeletal system and nervous system, can be an effective intervention to improving balance and reducing falling risk, especially in people with postural control disabilities.

In present study, chronic exposure to manganese (Mn) and its effect on blood iron (Fe) indices in miners of Iran manganese mines-Qom have been investigated.
In this cross-sectional study, fifty six miners and 5 control persons were studied cross sectionally. Prior to beginning of daily work, miners filed questionnaire and then their blood, urine and saliva samples were collected. Mn concentrations in samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). CBC analysis was performed by auto-analyzer system and blood Fe, transferrin (Tf), ferritin (Fr), total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and hemoglobin (Hb) were determined by respected commercial kits. Results processed by using software SPSS 16.
Between measured indices, only blood Mn, Fe and TIBC had significant difference in miners and controls (P Therefore Mn mining and Mn accumulation in blood did not increase the risk of impaired iron homeostasis. This may be due to co-exposure to Fe (in braunite (Mn mineral)) and/or compensatory mechanisms that don’t allow to wide range changes in blood parameters. Also personal discrepancy, social status, life style and place may influence the results of present study.

Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonoses in humans.
The purpose of our study was to identify factors affecting the incidence of brucellosis in human society and proposing a plan to reduce the burden of disease.
This cross-sectional study collected necessary information of patients admitted to government and private doctors’ clinics, specialist clinics, hospitals, health centers, and health houses. A questionnaire was designed in accordance with the standards of WHO. For data analysis, t-test and non-parametric analysis was performed using the SPSS 20 software and descriptive statistics.
A total of 438 cases of brucellosis were reported in 5 years. 60.4% of the patients were from Brajestan city and 39.6% were from Gonabad city. There was a significant difference between age and sex of the patients (P = 0.000). The most incidences of this disease were in patients who were over 50 years old (30%) and the least incidences were in the 31 - 40-ages group (12.3%). Housekeepers (35.3%), farming ranchers (24.2%), students (16.8%), and ranchers (6.6%), respectively, exhibited the most incidences.
Based on the results, in order to prevent Brucellosis it’s necessary to educate public, specifically rural, well to promote the use of pasteurized milk products.

The protective effect of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) supplementation along with forced exercise on Parkinson’s disease (PD) is subtle.
In this experimental study, we investigated the pretreatment effect of 4 weeks of VD3 supplementation and low-intensity treadmill running on dopamine (DA), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in parkinsonian rats.
In this experimental study, we provided 54 male Wistar rats (12-week old) from Pasteur institute, Iran. One mL/kg BW VD3 was injected every other day. Training encompassed 30 min/day, 5 days a week over a period of 4 weeks on treadmillat the rate of 15 m/min. Parkinson’s disease (PD) was induced by the stereotaxic surgery injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the striatum of male Wistar rats. For confirming rats with PD, cylinder behavioral rotation test was employed. One way analysis of variance and Tukey post-hoc was utilized for comparing intergroup differences using GraphPad prism (6.07) software.
The level of DA, TH, and IGF-1 in the striatum decreased after nervous toxin injection. VD3 prevented the decrease of the level of these factors significantly, and also combining it with exercise could do so. Four weeks of treadmill running pretreatment could not prevent the level of IGF-1, TH and DA from decreasing. Furthermore, cylinder test results revealed that VD3 alone, and along with exercise prevents the level of these substances from decreasing, and the rotations of PD rats did not show a significant difference compared with the healthy rats which is indicative of neuroprotective effect of this treatment.
VD3 supplementation alongside low-intensity treadmill running had protective effects on behavioral symptoms and molecular changes against the PD-inducing nervous toxin. Therefore, this approach can be used as a protective non-pharmacological tool for brain`s health against PD.