فهرست مطالب

Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:20 Issue: 2, Feb 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/02/08
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Damoon Ashtary-Larky, Ali Nazary Vanani, Seyed Ahmad Hosseini, Roya Rafie, Amir Abbasnezhad, Meysam Alipour * Page 1
    Background
    Different indices have been introduced to assess the anthropometric status and body composition.
    Objectives
    This study was conducted to compare anthropometric indices in male and female athletes and non-athletes.
    Methods
    This cross sectional study has been conducted on 529 (324 men and 205 women) athletes (age, 32.8 ± 9.2 years) and 840 (457 men and 383 women) non-athletes (age, 33.9 ± 10.4 years) in fitness clubs in Ahvaz city. Individuals were selected by cluster sampling. Weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio and body surface area were measured. The relationship between anthropometric indices with body fat percentage was studied. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. Normality of the data was assessed by using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. To compare variables between the two groups, the t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used. The relationship between anthropometric indices was assessed by linear regression.
    Results
    Waist-to-hip ratio in male athletes and non-athletes had the most correlation with body fat percentage (r = 0.821 and r = 0.889, respectively). Body mass index in female athletes and non-athletes had the most correlation with percentage of body fat (r = 0.780 and r = 0.863, respectively).
    Conclusions
    The results of this study show that the use of appropriate anthropometric indicators can be influenced by gender and physical activity (athletes or non-athletes).
    Keywords: Athletes, Non, Athletes, Anthropometric Indices, Body Fat Percentage
  • Rohallah Arabmokhtari *, Ali Khazani, Mahdi Bayati, Sara Barmaki, Ebrahim Fallah Page 2
    Background
    Physical activity and cardiovascular fitness are important indicators of cardiovascular risk and health status.
    Objectives
    This study aimed to examine the relationship between body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in students at postgraduate level.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study. In the 2014 - 2015 academic year, all first-year university students from a postgraduate Tarbiat Modares level university were invited to take part in the present study. Three hundred volunteer students aged 22 to 36 years were selected. Body mass, body fat percent, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) of subjects were measured at a specified time. T-independent test was used to examine the difference between groups. Also, the correlation between variables was examined using Pearson correlation coefficient. All data were analyzed by the SPSS software (Version-19).
    Results
    The results showed the obtained data in male and female students at postgraduate level including VO2max (37.4 and 25.3 ml/kg/min), body mass (74 and 58.4 kg), body fat percent (18.9 and 21.7 %), BMI (23.7 and 22.4 kg/m2) and WHR (0.83 and 0.73). An inverse relationship was observed between VO2max with BMI, WHR and body fat percent (P ≤ 0.05). Also, a significant difference was observed between men and women in BMI, WHR, VO2max, body mass and body fat percent (P ≤ 0.05).
    Conclusions
    According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that postgraduate students are in relatively ideal conditions of body composition, but they are in relatively weak cardiorespiratory fitness. These conditions are more in women who require notification and afterthought.
    Keywords: Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Physical Activity, University Students, Body Mass Index (BMI), Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max)
  • Maliheh Farahani *, Saeed Ebadie Zare Page 3
    Objectives
    Nursing is one of the most stressful jobs. High aggression levels, low job satisfaction and early desertion are counted its problems. Present study investigated the effectiveness of cognitive - behavioral anger - management training on psychiatric hospital nurses.
    Methods
    It was a semi - experimental study, with pretest - posttest and control group design. The population of study included nurses working in a psychiatric hospital in Tehran and sample group was 44 nurses selected by convenience sampling method. Data collected by Ahvaz aggression inventory (AAI) and job satisfaction questionnaire (JSQ). After pretest the experimental group participated in 4 weekly sessions during a month. Then posttests were accomplished. Obtained data were analyzed by covariance analysis method and SPSS - 20 software.
    Results
    The present study showed significant effectiveness of anger - management training on aggression (F = 26.750, P ≤ 0.001) and job satisfaction (F = 6.071, P
    Conclusions
    According to findings, anger - management training should be applied in psychiatric hospitals as stressful occupational environments to reduce aggression and improve job satisfaction of nurses.
    Keywords: Aggression, Job Satisfaction, Anger, Management, Nurses, Psychiatry
  • Hadi Taghizadeh * Page 4
    Background
    Cardiovascular system is directly affected by mechanical loads such as blood pressure. Blood pressure induces tension in the arterial wall tissue which is sensed by the smooth muscle cells and the appropriate action such as deposition or degradation of the extracellular matrix is taken. Coupled with the blood pressure, elasticity of the arterial wall govern the load that is sensed by smooth muscle cells. Also the mechanical behavior of the arterial wall is mostly dependent on its fibrous content and hence the orientation of these fibers is a key factor in arterial tissue mechanics.
    Objectives
    The current study aims to illustrate how the fibers can change the transmural stress distribution which will activate smooth muscle cells to balance the fibrous content.
    Methods
    We proposed four models with different fiber orientations across the arterial media and simulated these models in finite element environment. The respective circumferential stress profile from each model is extracted and compared.
    Results and
    Conclusions
    Obtained stress profiles delineate some similar and some different behaviors, in the case of constant fiber orientation across the wall resulting stress profile is monotonic while with changing the orientation across the wall, the profile becomes different. Our results indicate that considering different fiber orientations across the wall is necessary for prediction of arterial wall remodeling, growth and aging. This role is such that a specific orientation of collagen fibers (model II) results in totally different circumferential stress profile as the respective profile is ascending despite the other three models. These results indicate that single layer models of the arterial wall cannot demonstrate some major characteristics such as circumferential stress profile.
    Keywords: Fiber Orientation, Circumferential Stress Profile, Lamellar Modeling, Finite Element Analysis, Constitutive Models, Vascular Remodeling
  • Shahrzad Behdad, Samaneh Dolatabadi *, Jafar Saeidi Page 5
    Background
    Gp46-I(162-214) is a linear peptide derived from human T-lymphotropic virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) gp46-I envelope protein. This protein is commonly used to detect HTLV-1 antibodies during enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or Western blotting.
    Objectives
    This study reported a simple and efficient method for large-scale preparation of this peptide, which is employed for diagnostic purposes.
    Methods
    This study was a descriptive research. The DNA encoding gp46-I(162-214) was optimized according to E. coli codon usage. It was then synthesized and sub cloned into a pGS21a vector. This vector added a His-GST tag to the N-terminus of the protein. The pGS21a-gp46-I(162-214) was transformed into the chemically competent E. coli BL21 cells and His-GST-gp46-I(162-214) was expressed as an insoluble form. After the isolation of inclusion bodies, His-GST-gp46-I(162-214) was purified and on-column refolding was performed using Nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) affinity chromatography. ELISA was then applied to assess the antigenicity of the His-GST-gp46-I(162-214) protein using sera specimens from HTLV-1 infected patients.
    Results
    The Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) results revealed that His-GST-gp46-I(162-214) protein accounted for 30% of the insoluble proteins. The results of ELISA highlighted concentration-dependent interactions between the refolded His-GST-gp46-I(162-214) and HTLV-1antibodies. Furthermore, the refolded His-GST-gp46-I(162-214) and synthetic gp46-I(162-214) had similar reactivity.
    Conclusions
    Combination of key strategies including codon optimization, expression as inclusion body, and on-column refolding provide an efficient and facile platform for producing gp46-I(162-214) peptide.
    Keywords: HTLV, 1, Protein Expression, Purification