Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:20 Issue: 8, Aug2018

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is an industrial solvent that causes kidney, lung, testicles, brain, and blood diseases. In the present study, we investigated protective effects of Sophora pachycarpa extracts on testicular histopathology damage in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In this study, divided into six experimental groups (n = 6): 3 groups as pre-treatment, received extract of S. pachycarpa at 50 mg/kg/day, 100 mg/kg/day, and 250 mg/kg/day doses by gavage procedure for 21 days before intraperitoneal injection of 500 μL/kg CCl4 on the day of 21, control group receiving 500 μL/kg CCl4 on the day of 21, post-treatment group received 100 mg/kg/day extract for 10 days and 12 h after injection of 250 μL/kg CCl4. The testicular tissues were samples at the end of the treatments for histological examination. Histopathological examination of testis in CCl4-treatment group showed degeneration in seminiferous tubules and germ cells, intercellular dehiscence, and loss of cells into the lumen. Treatment of S. pachycarpa extract (250 mg/kg) resulted in remarkable improvement in testicular histopathological alterations caused by CCl4 in testis sections. Based on the findings, it is concluded that the extract of Sophora pachycarpa can improve the adverse effects of CCl4 on testicular tissue, possibly via its bioactive compounds having antioxidant effects

The purpose of this paper was to assess the psychometric properties of BAS-2 among university students in Urmia, Iran.

This is a descriptive-exploratory study that specifically aims at validating tests. The current research goes under the rubric of standardization studies. The study population consists of university students in Urmia in the academic year of 2014 - 2015 and after providing the Persian version of the target scale using translation and back translation, the approved version of the BAS-2 as well as multidimensional body-self relations questionnaire, body dysmorphic metacognitive questionnaire, and Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (modified for body dysmorphic disorder) administered to 400 university students in Urmia have been selected through quota sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, face, content, construct and convergent validity, Cronbach’s alpha, and split-half reliability with SPSS and AMOS Graphics softwares.

The results indicated that Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and split-half reliability were 0.87 and 0.83, respectively. The face, content, construct, and convergent validity of the BAS-2 were confirmed to be in consistent with other instruments. The results of CFA to obtain the construct validity indicated that every 10 items showed high factor loading with the total score. BAS-2 scale has an acceptable validity and reliability and is applicable to research and clinical settings in Iranian context.

It can be concluded that BAS-2 is a psychometrically sound positive body image measure

Pain is a common complain after surgeries, which leads to severe complications.

Elucidating the effect of intraoperative hypertension on post-operative pain after hysterectomy was the main aim of the current study.

In this randomized controlled clinical trial that was conducted at Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 78 candidates for hysterectomy with past medical history of hypertension were randomly allocated to two groups. In group A, blood pressure was maintained in the range of stage 1 by dose adjustment of the anesthetic drugs. However, in group B, blood pressure was maintained in the normal range (SBP ≤ 120, DBP ≤ 80), by administration of anesthetic drugs and TNG drip. Preoperative and intra operative data (hematocrit, blood pressure, heart rate, operating time, and blood loss) and recovery data, including blood pressure, heart rate, pain score at two, four, six, 12, and 24 hours using VAS (after surgery), and pain relief medicine requirements after 24 hours were recorded for all patients and analyzed by SPSS 22.0.

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure before surgery did not show any significant differences (P ≥ 0.05). A significant decrease was found in systolic (P ≤ 0.001) and diastolic (P ≤ 0.014) blood pressure during surgery between groups. Comparing VAS and the need for pain relief drugs revealed no significant differences. However, a reduction of pain score was observed in the hypertensive group from the 2nd to 24th hour after surgery.

No significant differences were shown between pain score and opioid requirement after surgery in hypertensive patients compared to normotensive during abdominal hysterectomy

Smoking causes premature and preventable death of millions of educated people.

Given the role model for medical students in the future of the country, the current study aimed at determining the smoking prevalence and its related factors among dormitory students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran.

The current cross sectional study was conducted with descriptive-analytical approach on 355 dormitory students selected by single-stage random cluster sampling method. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire including demographic and background information and smoking features. Then, data were analyzed with SPSS version. 21, using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test.

The current study findings indicated that 23.8% (n = 81) of the subjects were current smokers; smoking had a significant relationship with gender variables, history of probation, close friends that smoked, and employment (P < 0.05).

In comparison to other studies, the smoking prevalence was relatively high. Therefore, the necessity of proper education about the harms and health effects of smoking are felt more than ever

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a disorder with the autosomal dominant inheritance pattern caused mainly by mutations in LDLR, APOB-100, or PCSK9 genes. In most cases, the genetic cause of FH is a mutation in the LDLR gene, which leads to a rise in blood LDL cholesterol, premature coronary heart diseases (CHD), and premature atherosclerosis. In this study, we examined a probable mutation in the exon of the LDLR gene in a case suffering from familial hypercholesterolemia in Khuzestan province. In this survey, a family suffering from FH was examined through the examination of the exons of the LDLR gene through the PCR-sequencing method. The observed mutation in the LDLR gen was a missense mutation GAC>AAC at position 492 in exon 10 of LDLR. GAC>AAC causes the conversion of the aspartic acid to asparagine. LDLR gene mutations are considered as an important factor causing FH. Therefore, our results encourage future research to investigate more mutations as susceptible variants that might be involved in FH