فهرست مطالب

Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:14 Issue: 7, 2012 Sep

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1391/06/01
  • تعداد عناوین: 12
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  • Ali Dehghanifard, Yousef Mortazavi, Najmaldin Saki, Majid Farshdusti-Hagh Pages 1-7
    Background
    G6PD deficiency is the most common hereditary enzyme deficiency that affected more than 400 million people worldwide. This enzyme deficiency is caused by a spectrum of mutations in the gene encoding G6PD on chromosome X. Epidemiologically; G6PD deficiency has been specially considered in Middle East countries including Iran, Oman and Saudi Arabia.
    Materials And Methods
    This study has reviewed more than 70 papers related to the epidemiological significance and various diagnostic strategies of G6PD deficiency from 1956 to 2010.
    Results
    The results showed a higher prevalence of Mediterranean variant followed by Chatham and Cosenza compared to other variants in Iran.
    Conclusion
    Accurate identification of G6PD deficiency variants in areas with high prevalence of this disease will help to screen patients and their families with risk level when faced with oxidant agents.
    Keywords: Glucose, 6, phosphate dehydrogenase, Favism, Variant, Allele
  • Javad Baharara, Naser Mahdavishahri, Negar Saghiri, Hashem Rasti Pages 8-13
    Background
    The purpose of this study is to determine the interaction between Blastema tissue and decellularized three-dimensional matrix of ovine bladder in vitro.
    Materials And Methods
    In order to produce relaxation of decellularized ovine bladder, combination of physiochemical methods were used. Thus, pieces of bladder were put in -4 C and then samples were put in liquid nitrogen; then all samples were decellularized using chemical combination of 1% SDS (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate). To produce Blastema tissue, a few 2 mm diameter holes were made in auricles of male New Zealand rabbits. After 72 hours, The Blastema ring was removed and it was put under sterile conditions of decellularized scaffolds inside the Blastema ring and moved to the medium. After histological stages, medium samples were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Peak Indigo Carmine. The quantitative data were analyzed by ANOVA and TUKY test at the level of p<0.05.
    Results
    Light microscopic studies at different culture days showed that blastema cells migrated into the decellularized matrix of bladder so that the maximum migration to the scaffold occurred on the 20th day (p=0.001). Blastema cells differentiation into the epithelial, fibroblasts and adipocyte cells is obvious on the day 15 and 20.
    Conclusion
    Bladder decellularized matrix can be a suitable scaffold to induce and differentiate blastema cells.
    Keywords: Bladder, Extracellular matrix, New Zealand rabbit, Tissue engineering
  • Ar Esmaeili, Abas Khodadadi Pages 14-18
    Background
    Antioxidants are combinations that protect the body against cell membranes injury or cell genetic material damage from free radical activity. Free radicals are the source of many diseases such as cancer and skin aging.
    Materials And Methods
    In this study, thymol antioxidant activity has been compared and evaluated using three stable radical scavenging
    Methods
    2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), measurement of phenolic compounds and hydrogen peroxide sweeper.
    Results
    The study results showed that the amount of IC50 for ethanol thymol in radical scavenging method DPPH is equivalent to 0.538±0.02 μg/ml, in the phenol method, the total phenol amount is 0.36±0.06 mg and in the sweeper hydrogenated water method, it is 0.39±0.09 μg/ml.
    Conclusion
    The value of IC50 in the three methods indicates that component factors, radical production source or scavenging reaction is performing almost with the regular grade which is dependent on Thymol concentration at a given time. The tested material has good antioxidant properties and it can be used as a natural antioxidant and in some materials as additives.
    Keywords: Antioxidant, Antioxidant, Thymol, Hydrogenated water
  • Bahram Yousefian, S. Mohammad Firoozabadi, Manijheh Mokhtari-Dizaji Pages 19-23
    Background
    Some physical factors may facilitate the entry of chemotherapeutic drugs to the cells. In this study, permeability level of tumor cells of murine breast adenocarcinoma to Bleomycin was compared with 5 minutes ultrasonic exposure vs. magnetic field of 3.5 Tesla in Balb/c mice.
    Materials And Methods
    In this experimental-applied study, 80 five-week female Balb/c mice were purchased from Pasteur Institute of Tehran. After 10 days, skin tumors of mice were induced through Homograft, and they were randomly classified after tumor reached a treatable size. In ultrasound combination group, intratumoral injection of bleomycin was performed on anesthetized mice and three minutes later, the mice, which were placed in the sonication chamber, were put in a water tank in the exposure position, and the tumor was exposed to ultrasound for 5 minutes. In the magnetic field group, mice were placed in a handmade chamber after intratumoral injection of bleomycin. Three minutes after injection of bleomycin, eight pulses of 3.5 Tesla magnetic fields with 1Hz frequency were applied to each one of the tumors.
    Results
    It yield that, eight 3.5 Tesla pulses of magnetic field, was slightly more effective than 5 min ultrasonic irradiation in cells permeability to bleomycin, but these two physical factors had no statistically significant difference.
    Conclusion
    Tests showed that these two physical factors have similar effects and use of each depends on the position of the patient and the medical center''s facilities.
    Keywords: Permeability, Bleomycin, Magnetic field, Balb, c
  • Sardar Jafari-Shoorijeh, Abutorab Tabatabai-Naini, Sara Varzandian, Amin Tamadon Pages 24-28
    Background
    Evaluation of contrast-induced changes in the peritoneal area may reveal the effects of their permeation followed by gastrointestinal perforation. This study aims to compare the radiographic changes and hematological and biochemical parameters of peritoneal fluid and blood after intraperitoneal injection of barium sulfate and gastrografin to the rabbit.
    Materials And Methods
    In this clinical trial, 15 healthy male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. Respectively to each group 10 ml/kg barium sulfate 30%, 10 ml/kg gastrografin, and 10 ml/kg saline was intraperitoneally injected. Before injection and 24 hours after injection, blood samples and peritoneal fluid were collected to measure glucose, total protein, WBC count and pH. Lateral and dorsal-ventral radiography was provided 20 min and 24 hours after contrast injection.
    Results
    After injection of barium sulfate, serum glucose decreased, cell count and blood neutrophil percentage increased, glucose and the percentage of peritoneal fluid lymphocytes decreased (p<0.05). The amount of total protein, cell count and peritoneal fluid neutrophil percentage increased (p<0.05). Gastrografin injection only increased peritoneal fluid total protein (p=0.04). Other blood factors and peritoneal fluid showed no significant changes. In radiographies, barium sulfate remained in abdominal area and rapid absorption of gastrografin was observed.
    Conclusion
    The use of gastrografin has fewer side effects than barium sulfate and is recommended in patients suspected with gastrointestinal perforation.
    Keywords: Gastrografin, Barium sulfate, Hematology test, Peritoneal fluid, Radiography, Rabbit
  • Ali Dehghanifard, Saeid Kaviani, Mehrdad Noruzinia, Masoud Soleimani, Saeid Abroun, Abbas Hajifathali, Ali Akbar Pourfathollah, Yousef Mortazavi, Mohammad Ahmadvand, Maryam Mahmoodinia-Meymand, Zeinab Kaviani, Majid Farshdousti-Hagh, Najmaldin Saki Pages 29-33
    Background
    The use of drugs with the ability to induce production of fetal hemoglobin as a novel therapeutic approach in treating β-Hemoglobinopathies is considered. γ-globin gene expression inducer drugs including sodium butyrate and thalidomide can reduce additional α-globin chains accumulation in erythroid precursors.
    Materials And Methods
    In this experimental study, MACS kit was used to isolate CD133+ cells of umbilical cord blood. Further, the effect of two drugs of thalidomide and sodium butyrate were separately and combined studied on the induction of quantitative expression of β-globin and γ-globin genes in erythroid precursor cells derived from CD133+ stem cells in-vitro. For this purpose, the technique SYBR green Real-time PCR was used.
    Results
    Flow cytometry results showed that approximately 95% of purified cells were CD133+. Real-time PCR results also showed the increased levels of γ-globin mRNA in the cell groups treated with thalidomide, sodium butyrate and combination of drugs as 2.6 and 1.2 and 3.5 times respectively, and for β-globin gene, it is respectively 1.4 and 1.3 and 1.6 times compared with the control group (p<0.05).
    Conclusion
    The study results showed that the mentioned drug combination can act as a pharmaceutical composition affecting the induction of fetal hemoglobin expression in erythroid precursor cells derived from CD133 + cells.
    Keywords: CD133+ cells, γ, globin gene, Sodium butyrate, Thalidomide
  • Nooshin Naghsh, Ali Noori, Heydar Aqababa, Samira Amirkhani-Dehkordi Pages 34-37
    Background
    Nanosilver is extensively used in medical equipment. Given the importance of white blood cells (WBC) in the immune system and liver cells in the body detoxification, this study has examined the effects of nanosilver particles on the white cell count and ALT liver enzyme in male Wistar rats.
    Materials And Methods
    This experimental study was conducted on 40 adult male Wistar rats, provided from Pasteur Institute of Tehran. Nanosilver particles with concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 400ppm were intraperitoneally injected to the treatment groups. Then, the mean of ALT enzyme concentration and white blood cell count of rats were compared in case and control groups at day 12 after treatment through ANOVA test.
    Results
    The greatest effect of nanosilver particles on the ALT liver enzyme of rats was at concentration 50ppm after 3 days of injection (p=0.002). Also the greatest effect of nanosilver particles on white blood cells of rats was at concentration 400ppm after 12 days of injection (p=0.0001).
    Conclusion
    The oxidative stress induced by intraperitoneally injection of nanosilver particles in rats causes severe irritation and immune system and increases the creation of white blood cells and liver damage in rats treated with nanosilver particles.
    Keywords: Nanosilver particles, White blood cells, ALT, Hepatocytes, Rat
  • Hossein Najafzadeh, Hassan Morovvati, Babak Mohammadian, Mohammad Razijalali, S.Mahsa Poormoosavi Pages 38-44
    Background
    Atorvastatin is a lipid-lowering drug used to treat hyperlipidemia. Phenobarbital is the inductor of cytochrome enzymes. This study examined the interfering effect of simultaneous consumption of these drugs on the biochemical and pathological changes in rat’s kidney.
    Materials And Methods
    Drugs were administered to 4 groups of Wistar rats (8 per group) for 15 days as follows: normal saline, atorvastatin, atorvastatin phenobarbital and phenobarbital alone. After anesthesia, blood was taken from the heart and serum was removed to measure myoglobin, creatinine, BUN, sodium, potassium and uric acid. After easy kill of rats, kidneys were removed and tissue sections were prepared through the conventional method of pathologic sections preparation and they were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin, and pathological changes were examined by light microscopy.
    Results
    The simultaneous use of atorvastatin with phenobarbital significantly increased serum myoglobin of rats compared with control group. Pathological changes in the group receiving atorvastatin and phenobarbital simultaneously was observed with a greater intensity.
    Conclusion
    Phenobarbital can reduce renal toxicity of atorvastatin.
    Keywords: Atorvastatin, Phenobarbital, Kidney, Rat
  • Akram Safaei, Elaham Arbabi-Aval, Maral Arkani, Khatun Karimi, Fateme Rostami, Mohsen Vahedi, Fateme Khorshidi, Mitra Iman, S. Reza Mohebi, Mohammad Vafae, S. Reza Fatemi, Mohammadreza Zali Pages 45-48
    Background
    Calcium induces apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and subsequently prevents colorectal cancer through ion calcium receptor. Calcium-sensing receptor mutation reduces the expression of this receptor, and subsequently in reduces calcium transportation. Many studies have shown that Calcium-sensing receptor gene polymorphism may increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of calcium-sensing receptor polymorphisms (rs 1801725) in Iran society and to examine the role of this polymorphism in the increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).
    Materials And Methods
    The research was a case-control study. 105 patients with colorectal cancer and 105 controls were randomly studied using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. χ2 test and software 16- SPSS were used for statistical analysis.
    Results
    In patient samples, the frequency of the genotypes TT, GT, GG in gene CASR rs 1801725 was respectively 64.8, 32.4, and 2.9 and the frequency of this polymorphism in control samples was respectively 51.2, 45.7, and 2.9. Frequency of allele G in patient samples was 0/48 and frequency of allele T was 0.25. In addition, Frequency of allele G in control samples was 0.74 and Frequency of allele T was calculated 0.19.
    Conclusion
    The results show that calcium-sensing receptor variant (1801725 rs) is not associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer.
    Keywords: Rs 1801725, Colorectal cancer, Polymerase chain reaction, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, Calcium, sensing receptor
  • Mehdi Jafari, Saeedeh Salimi, Alireza Nakhaee, Zahra Zakeri, Mahnaz Sandooghi, Mohsen Saravani Pages 49-52
    Background
    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology which affects different organs. Evidences show that SLE patients have a defect in the scavenging of oxidative stress products. One of the effective defense systems against oxidative stress damages is catalase. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between C-262T polymorphism of catalase gene and systemic lupus erythematosus.
    Materials And Methods
    This case-control study was conducted on 107 patients with SLE and 140 healthy individuals matched by age, sex and ethnicity. PCR-RFLP method was used to identify C-262T polymorphism of catalase gene. Frequency of alleles and genotypes in patients and control group was statistically analyzed using χ 2 test.
    Results
    Frequency of CC, CT and TT genotypes of catalase gene were 77.6, 20.5 and 1.9 percent in SLE patients and 71.8, 27.5 and 0.7 percent in control group respectively, which was not significant.
    Conclusion
    This study showed that C-262T polymorphism of catalase gene is not associated with SLE.
    Keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus, Catalase, Polymorphism
  • Fatemeh Taghizade-Mortezaee, Morteza Hashemzadeh-Chaleshtori, Soleiman Kheiri, Neda Parvin, Mahbubeh Norbakhsh, Sima Etemadi, Shahla Taherian, Sepideh Mirj Pages 53-56
    Background
    Uterine leiomyomas are common benign uterine smooth muscle tumors which cause abnormal bleeding and reduced fertility rates which are dependent on estrogen for their growth and occur in approximately 25 to 30% of women above 30.These tumors are the most common cause of hysterectomy and surgery and seriously affect women community''s health. The purpose of this study is to examine IL-1 beta gene polymorphism (IL-1β) in region IL-1β-511C>T (Promoter) and IL-1β 3954 C>T (Exon 5) and its relationship with uterine leiomyomas in women of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari.
    Materials And Methods
    In this case-control study, 159 women with leiomyomas and 157 healthy women were studied as controls and genotype distribution of two polymorphisms in IL-1β gene was investigated through PCR-RFLP method and the test results were analyzed using x 2 test.
    Results
    The genotypic and allelic frequency in the IL-1β-511 gene promoter region was compared in the patient and control groups, and there was a statistically significant difference between patient and control groups (p<0.05). But there was no significant relationship between polymorphisms IL-1b3954 and increased risk of uterine leiomyomas in studied women.
    Conclusion
    Our findings showed that there is a significant relationship between polymorphisms IL-1β-511C>T and increased risk of uterine leiomyomas in studied women, and this polymorphism may be involved in the disease.
    Keywords: Leiomyoma, Polymorphism, Interleukin, 1beta
  • Bakhtiar Tartibian, Behrouz Baghaiee, Behzad Baradaran, Mohammadreza Aliparasty, Shohreh Almasy Pages 57-60
    Background
    The purpose of this study is to compare Cu/Zn SOD mRNA and MDA level as a result of a session incremental exercise in active women and men.
    Materials And Methods
    This research is a quasi-experimental study with repeated measurements in which 14 active female and 13 male subjects with age range 22-24 participated voluntarily. Then, blood was taken from brachial vein of the subjects in three stages before and after GXT (Graded exercise test) and 3 hours after that and SYBER Green PCR Master mix reagent Kit and Real time-PCR were used to measure Cu/Zn SOD mRNA and spectrophotometer was used to measure MDA level.
    Results
    MDA levels increased significantly in men during the recovery stage and after the exercise (p1=0.012 and p2 =0.014), but it did not increase significantly in active women. Also, MDA difference between the two genders was not reported significant in any of the exercise stages. Cu/Zn SOD gene expression did not increase significantly in either sex.
    Conclusion
    The risk of injury from free radicals is more probable in active men than active women and vigorous physical activity does not significantly increase the Cu/Zn SOD gene expression.
    Keywords: Gene expression, Super oxidase dismutase, Oxidative stress, Active people