Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:17 Issue: 4, Apr 2015

Regular exercise and consuming garlic can independently improve blood pressure and lipid profile. However, combining these lifestyle modifications may be more effective than either intervention alone. We examined the combined effect of garlic supplementation and regular exercise on lipid profile and blood pressure in inactive young men. Patients and In this semi-experimental study, 36 young inactive men (20 - 30 years old) were randomly assigned to one of the following interventions: Garlic (G), Training and Garlic (TG), Placebo (P), and Training and Placebo (TP). Subjects consumed 2 capsules per day which contained 500 mg of garlic powder or placebo. The training groups performed aerobic training including 30 - 45 minutes running at 60 - 75% of maximum heart rate. The exercise training program consisted of running on treadmill 4 times/week. Prior to and after 4 weeks of interventions blood pressure was recorded and blood samples were taken in order to assess lipid profile. Two-way repeated measures analysis and Bonferroni post-hoc test were used to analyze the data. Garlic consumption simultaneous with regular exercise lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure and there was significant difference between TG and P groups (P > 0.05). We observed no significant difference among groups in triglyceride, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels (P > 0.05). Yet, HDL-C levels significantly increased in TG group compared to pre-test levels (P > 0.05). We conclude that the combination of regular aerobic exercise and garlic supplementation might be more effective on blood pressure than either intervention alone.

Stabilization exercises lead to improve muscle performance and can be used to prevent and treat of low back pain. Aim of the present study is to evaluate and compare the level of abdominal and lumbar muscles activity during two types of stabilization exercises. Patients and Thirty healthy females aged between 20 - 30 years old participated in this quasi-experimental study. Muscle activity was recorded from Transversus Abdominus (TrA), Internal Oblique (IO) and multifidus on both sides with electromyography (EMG) device during the quadruped and dead bug exercises. EMG data were normalized to the percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contraction and paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. The mean muscle activity in the right arm reach of quadruped and dead bug exercises showed that right IO and TrA muscles produced greater activity during quadruped exercise (P = 0.015, P = 0.001, respectively). The comparison between the mean muscles activity in the left leg reach of two exercises showed that right and left TrA muscles produced greater activity during left leg reach in quadruped exercise (P = 0.005, P = 0.046, respectively). Also, the comparison between the mean muscle activity in simultaneous movements of left leg and right arm reach in the 2 exercises showed that right TrA muscle was activated at a higher level compared to the other muscles in the quadruped exercise (P = 0.002). The results showed quadruped exercise can provide stability, coordination, and smoothness of the movements in healthy subjects and all considered muscles participated in this exercise.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Many women with breast cancer suffer from depression and psychological distress. The present study by the purpose of examining the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on depression and psychological flexibility in women with breast cancer was performed. Patients and The method of this research was semi-experimental, and statistic society of this research was women with breast cancer in Isfahan. In this research available sampling method was used and among patients admitted to Seyed-al-Shohada Hospital and who had registered to participate in the research, 20 people were selected randomly and they were randomly divided to two groups of control and experiment. Research tool consisted of beck depression inventory (BDI-II), acceptance and action questionnaire (AAQ-II), and demographic questionnaire. Experimental group received 8 sessions of 2 hour acceptance and commitment group therapy. Follow-up stage was performed at one month after the last treatment session. Results showed that ACT significantly decreased scores on the BDI-II and increased score on AAQ-II compared to the control group (P < 0.001). ACT may be considered to be an effective intervention approach for treatment of depression in women with breast cancer. It can be said that increasing in acceptance of thought and feeling associated with cancer and increasing in psychological flexibility that is the main goal of ACT has led to these changes.

Migraine and Tension-Type Headache (TTH) are the most frequent neurologic disabilities worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache among up to 15 years old. Patients and A descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 500 people in Yazd through cluster sampling method. International Headache Society criteria were used for diagnosis of migraine and tension headaches. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression in SPSS 16 were used for data analysis. Migraine and TTH prevalence were respectively 6% and 4.9%. Abnormal sleep patterns were in 66.7% of people with migraine that this relationship was significant. The incidence of nausea and vomiting during migraine were respectively 55.6% and 40.7%. Photophobia in 55.9% and phonophobia in 85.2% of patient with migraine were reported. All of 48.1% of migraine sufferers have attacks with visual aura (P = 0.012) and also 48.1% have attacks with sensory aura. Migraine and TTH prevalence rate is relatively low in this study. However, people with migraine and TTH should be identified and optimally treated.

Drug non adherence is one of the major problems in treatment of psychiatric patients which could increase the risk of relapse and re-hospitalization. The aim of this study is to determine factors associated with drug non adherence by patients with mood disorders after their discharge from hospital and assessment of relation between drug attitude and drug adherence. Patients and In this cohort, prospective, and descriptive study, 150 patients with mood disorders (major depressive disorder, bipolar mood disorder) at the time of discharge were assessed. For each patient, demographic information form and Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10) [persian translation] was completed at the time of discharge. Then all of the patients were monitored monthly until 6 months through telephone. In every follow up DAI-10 and drug use inventory (which consists of causes of drug non adherence) were completed. Finally relation between different variables and patient drug attitude with drug adherence were assessed. From all studied variables such as demographic factors, diagnosis, treatment factors, and drug attitude, only drug attitude had a significant relation with drug adherence. Patients’ attitude toward drugs has a major role in drug adherence.

Migraine is common and nocturnal attacks, sometimes, at night make the individual awake. Migraine often induces heavy pressure on the individual and society, and mostly co morbid with psychiatric disorders. Dreaming is a personal and psychological experience that never can be recorded while happening. Different physical-mental situations cause variation in dreaming form. Dreaming content can affect on procedure and features of some psychiatric disorders and it seems some accelerate migraine headaches. Present study investigated the dreaming content of migraineurs. Patients and In this cross sectional study, 185 patients with migraine were selected and investigated by available sampling. Migraine diagnosis was based on International Headache Society (HIS) criteria. Dreams were interpreted based on Hall/ Van de Castle, which consisted 11 dreaming content categories. Data was analyzed in SPSS 17 and variables through descriptive statistical tests, analytical χ2, ANOVA and Logistic regression. Out of 185 patients, 133 were women. In nocturnal migraine, the average number of attacks were more per month (P = 0.006). Out of 130 patients, 231 dreams were recorded. Those with nocturnal attacks remembered and recorded their dreams more (P = 0.02). Friendliness, sexual and bad fortune contents were more in those with nocturnal attacks (P = 0.001). Sadness, bad fortune, aggression, confusion, sexual (P = 0.001) and failure accelerated headaches (P = 0.039). Positive or negative emotions increase headaches. More advanced studies about dreaming contents in different patients and cultures and their comparison with healthy individuals can be helpful in this issue.

Depression exacerbates the physical problems in menopause in addition to influencing the individual, occupational and social functioning of women. This study was conducted to determine the effect of aromatherapy massage on depression in menopausal women. Patients and In this clinical trial, 120 menopausal women were selected based on the inclusion criteria and were randomly divided into three groups namely control, aromatherapy massage and massage group. Data collection tool in this study was demographics questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In aromatherapy massage group, essential oil of geranium (2%) in almond oil was used. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks, once a week for 30 minutes and their depression rate was assessed before and after the intervention and were compared with the control group. ANOVA and t-test were used for data analysis. Aromatherapy massage reduced the mean depression score (MD: 0.51, 95%CI). Massage therapy also reduced depression score (MD: 0.20, 95%CI) (P < 0.001). To detect the effects of aromatherapy and massage therapy separately, the mean depression score was compared and aromatherapy massage reduced the depression score more than massage therapy (MD: -0.31, 95%CI). The results of this study consider aromatherapy massage beneficial in improving symptoms of depression and recommend it as a complementary therapy.

Tramadol is a weak synthetic opioid with an effective analgesic result. This medicine has both systemic and local anesthetic effects on peripheral nerve system. The purpose of this study is to compare post-appendectomy analgesic effect of subcutaneous injection of tramadol with normal saline. Patients and This double blind study was conducted on 60 patients over 15 years old, who were randomly divided in two equal groups, i.e. tramadol and normal saline. After repairing fascia in appendectomy, 100 mg of tramadol that was diluted up to 10 mL and 10 mL normal saline were used for subcutaneously injection around the surgical wound in experimental and control groups, respectively. Then, the intensity of pain was recorded in the recovery room, and 6 and 24 hours after operation, based on NRS. In addition, number of petidine (with a dosage of 25 milligram) administered in the same period, in case of severe and moderate pain, was recorded. At the end, the intensity of pain during the mentioned time and the average use of petidine in two groups were compared. The average of severe pain in recovery time (3.08 ± 1.44 versus 5.36 ± 2.02), 6 (3.36 ± 1.22 versus 5.36 ± 1.38) and 12 (2.08 ± 0.76 versus 3.08 ± 1.15) hours after operation was lower in tramadol group (P = 0.0001). Moreover, the amount of consumed petidine in the same period of time showed a clear reduction (P < 0.05). Subcutaneous injection of tramadol is an appropriate choice for reduction of post-appendectomy pain and decreasing need for potent narcotic painkillers. This treatment method can decrease side effects of using potent narcotics after appendectomy.

Most of women experience postpartum short or long term mood disorders and secure attachment between couple and being supported from husband has important role in improvement of this disorders. Recent research aimed to investigate efficacy of mixed attachment intervention on postpartum depression in women of Isfahan. Patients and This study was an experimental plan with pretest- posttest and follow up with control group that conducted in a depended hospital of Isfahan University of medical sciences. Though 325 women that had natural delivery, 38 individuals were chosen who had no history of physical or mental disorder in pregnancy or before that and had taken higher scores in Edinburg depression questionnaire. Selected sample administered randomly to both 19 individuals experimental and control group. Mixed attachment intervention had been accomplished for experimental group as though control group had no intervention. ANCOVA method had been used to analysis the data. Results of ANCOVA showed that the mean post- test and follow up scores of depression in the experimental group is significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The effect rate of mixed attachment intervention on depression symptoms was 0.38 in posttest and 0.41 in three months follow up. With regard to function of couple`s affective relationship and importance of mother- child attachment, mixed attachment intervention was effective in reduction of postpartum depression symptoms and has important mentions in paying attention to attachment based therapies for decreasing the symptoms of postpartum depression.

One of the most common and choice surgical procedures for most elective surgeries are laparoscopy performed preferably under general anesthesia. In this study cases that underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy with general anesthesia were compared with those who were underwent spinal anesthesia. Patients and In this prospective analytic study, 60 patients undergone elective laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy received spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia in divided 30 cases. Duration of surgery was shorter in spinal anesthesia; mean hospital fee was lesser in general anesthesia. Postoperative antiemetic use was higher in spinal anesthesia. Hospital stay time and analgesic use were the same. Conversion to general happened in only one case. Eleven cases experienced shoulder pain during surgery. Spinal anesthesia was adequate and safe technique in our cases.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) influences the lives of many of students. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between alexithymia, sense of coherence and life satisfaction in students with ADHD symptoms and normal student. Patients and This research is a causal-comparative study. The research sample consisting of 47 students with ADHD symptoms and 47 normal students was selected through a simple random sampling method. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multiple regression analyses. The results showed that alexithymia (r = 0.33) and sense of coherence (r = -0.26) were related to life satisfaction in ADHD and normal students. The results of multiple regression showed that alexithymia and sense of coherence explained 20% of the variance in life satisfaction in students. The results show that sense of coherence has positively but alexithymia was negatively related with life satisfaction in ADHD student.

Nowadays, by development of societies, health related quality of life has become a very important issue. Traditionally for health assessment, some indexes such as; morbidity, mortality, and life expectancy, have been taken into consideration but these factors are not able to assess life satisfaction. The present study was aimed to investigate the relationship between rural women’s health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and domestic violence. Patients and This cross-sectional study was carried out in the rural districts of Kermanshah, Iran, 2012. Using multistage cluster sampling, 394 women were selected. They completed WHOQOL-BREF and Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) questionnaires. Data analyzed by SPSS 16, using Pearson correlation and regression tests. The mean scores of total QOL were 55.8 ± 12.9. There was significant inverse correlation between domestic violence dimensions and all health-related quality of life domains (P < 0.01). Domestic violence can affect rural women’s health-related quality of life negatively. Regarding the hidden nature of domestic violence and its presence in all communities, taking into consideration policies to reduce violence through legal education and raising women awareness can positively affect women’s quality of life.

Brucellosis is a common zoonosis in Iran, transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected animal materials like fleece, animal excrement, leather, butchery or by the consumption of contaminated animal products (e.g. fresh cheese, unpasteurized milk or dairy products, and raw meat and raw liver that is consumed semi-roasted by kebab sellers in Iran. A 21-year-old woman presented with respiratory failure due to pulmonary edema from severe acute mitral valve regurgitation in the setting of acute Brucella endocarditis. She was found to have a ruptured anterolateral papillary muscle from necrosis caused by corroding large vegetations on the anterior mitral valve leaflet. This occurrence is an exceptionally rare phenomenon, in Brucella mitral endocarditis. Urgent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) revealed large mobile vegetation on the anterior papillary muscle with severe mitral valve regurgitation. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement. During valve replacement surgery, anterior mitral valve vegetation and rupture of the AL-PM were confirmed. We also considered that prolonged post-operative antibiotic treatment was indicated in our patient to protect the newly implanted prosthetic valves.