فهرست مطالب

Shiraz Emedical Journal
Volume:15 Issue: 3, Jul 2014

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1393/08/04
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
|
  • Maryam Yavari *, Safoura Rouholamin, Mojgan Tansaz, Soodabeh Bioos, Somayeh Esmaeili Page 1
    Background
    There is an increasing demand for alternative medicine in treatment of oligomenorrhea. Sesamum indicum L. is a well-known medication used in the Avicenna traditional medicine to induce menstrual bleeding in women with oligomenorrhea..
    Objectives
    This study is the first effort to evaluate the efficacy of this therapeutic method on patients with oligomenorrhea..Patients and
    Methods
    A pilot study was carried out on 21 case of oligomenorrhea having complaint of menstruation retard for more than two weeks admitted to Beheshti Hospital clinic. Patients who had not used hormonal chemical or herbal drugs and were not pregnant or lactating were enrolled and received sesame once daily for seven days per oral. Patients were followed for seven weeks after drug administration..
    Result
    This pilot study was carried out on 21 individuals with oligomenorrhea, complaining of menstruation retardation for more than two weeks, admitted to Beheshti Hospital clinic. Patients who had not used hormonal, chemical or herbal drugs and those who were not pregnant or lactating were enrolled and received sesame once daily for seven days orally. Patients were followed for seven weeks after drug use. At the end of the study, 85% of the patients experienced menstrual bleeding after receiving sesame treatment by two weeks. The mean menstruation period of the individuals before initiating the study and the treatment was 9.8 days, while the mean postponement time after the last patients’ menstruation, before treatment, was 92 days. Blood flow and pain during menstruation were not significantly higher than past menstruation episodes. No untoward side effect was noticed during the clinical trial. The next menstruation episode follow-up demonstrated that 80% of the patients had menstruation without using any drugs with a less than two weeks delay..
    Conclusions
    The results demonstrated that Sesamum indicum L. may be an effective choice in inducing menstruation in women with oligomenorrhea, which has ignorable side effects comparing to the current hormonal therapies. Stronger clinical trials with placebo-control groups are recommended to strengthen this hypothesis..
    Keywords: Oligomenorrhea, Menstruation, Placebo
  • Tayebeh Hamzehloei *, Mahdieh Davoodnejad Dehsorkhi Page 2

    Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most prevalent cancer worldwide, and in 35% of cases it is an inherited form. The most common inherited forms of CRC include; Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), attenuated FAP, and MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP). Although they are inherited, they have different phenotypic effects with regards to the number of polyposis, age of onset and the pattern of inheritance. Some of these CRCs are associated with other extracolonic manifestation symptoms. MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP) was first described in 2002. MUTYH is a component of a base excision repair system that protects the genomic information from oxidative damage. When the MUTYH gene product is impaired by bi-allelic germline mutation, it leads to the mutation of cancer-related genes, such as the APC and/or the KRAS genes, via G to T transversion. MAP is a hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome inherited in an autosomal-recessive fashion. The proposed mechanism of individual CRC is distinguished in this review paper..

    Keywords: Colorectal Cancer, FAP, APC, HNPCC, MUTYH
  • Mohammad Reza Besharati, Tahere Rezaee, Farkhonde Khaleghi Dehshiri, Elahe Abbasi Shavazi * Page 3
    Background
    This report describes surgical techniques used for patients who had underwent eye removal surgery with orbital implant replacement in Shahid Sadoughi hospital, Yazd, Iran..
    Objectives
    The aim of eye removal approaches is to achieve a normal appearance and satisfactory motility with low complication rate. In this study, we analyzed different eye removal methods in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi hospital, taking into consideration the patient’s age, gender, implant type and surgical complications..Patients and
    Methods
    Medical records of patients who underwent eye removal surgery including enucleation, evisceration and exenteration were reviewed, retrospectively. Demographic data, ocular diagnosis, surgical techniques, implant type and postoperative complications were gathered and documented. Data was analyzed by SPSS-16 based using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test..
    Results
    We studied 102 cases, 70 males (68.6%) and 32 females (31.4%). Surgery was more common for 20 to 50 years old patients (53.9%). Enucleation was performed on 90.2% of cases and the more frequently used implant was hydroxyapatite (88.2%). Frequent causes of enucleation, evisceration and exenteration were trauma (61.4%), endophthalmitis (100%) and tumor (83.3%), respectively. The most common complication was discharge (15.7%)..
    Conclusion
    Enucleation with replacement of hydroxyapatite implant was the most common type of surgery as it was safe with low rate of complications..
    Keywords: Eye Enucleation, Eye Evisceration, Orbital Implants
  • Ali Gholami, Akram Gazerani, Keyvan Behfar, Amin Asghari, Hojat Mohammadzadeh, Atena Samadi, Zohre Foroozanfar * Page 4
    Background
    Recognition of views and expectations of students is an important issue to improve the quality of educational services in the universities..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to evaluatethe quality gap of educational services by using Service Quality (SERVQUAL) instrument in Neyshabur Faculty of Medical Sciences in viewpoints of students..
    Materials And Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, data were collected usingSERVQUAL instrument which comprisedof two questionnaires (perception and expectation) and each of them comprised 27 items based on the Likert scale. This questionnaire evaluatedfive dimensions of service: assurance, responsiveness, empathy, reliability and tangible Questionnaires were distributed between 199 students study atNeyshabur Faculty of Medical Sciences and 198 were returned (response rate = 99.5%); one questionnaire was excluded because it was notreturned. Quality gap of educational services was determined based on differences between students'' perceptions and expectations. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software..
    Results
    The mean age of the students was 20.38±1.92 years; 65.7 % were female and 34.3% were male. There was a negative quality gap in each of the five SERVQUAL dimensions. The overall mean of quality gap was -1.31. The greatest and the least negative quality gap means were observed in the tangible (-1.62) and reliability (-1.02) dimensions, respectively. There were significant differences between perceptions and expectations of students in all dimensions represented by SERVQUAL (P < 0.05)..
    Conclusions
    The results of this study showed that there is a notable gap between students'' expectations and what they have actually received of educational services. Thus, improvements are required in all dimensions of educational services quality..
    Keywords: Students, Educational Centers, Quality Gap
  • Sedigheh Sharifzadeh, Mohammad Ghasempour *, Mehdi Hajebrahimi, Abbas Rezaianzadeh, Shirin Dehghan Page 5
    Background
    In scientometric evaluations, the basic criteria for determining the scientific ranking of a country among others is the amount of participation in science production, creativity in technology, and its role in the world science production..
    Objectives
    In this study, the trend of science production in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences during 1959-2011 was evaluated by employing scientometric techniques in Scopus database..
    Materials And Methods
    All the documents indexed in Scopus database by researchers of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences during 1959-2011 were extracted..
    Results
    A higher frequency of the published documents was seen in 2011 with 751 published works (16.39%). Moreover, the first indexed article was “Glutathione stability of the erythrocytes in Iranians” and the Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences was the core journal for publishing 259 of all the indexed documents and 99% of the documents were published in English Language..
    Conclusions
    In this study, review of researches showed an increasing trend in scientific output during 1959-1978, but after the revolution and by initiating the Iran-Iraq war, a downward trend was seen. By the end of the war, a rapid growth was observed in scientific production. Establishment of research centers in different faculties of the university, increase in the number of master and doctorate degree students, and improvement of research budgets seem to be the important factors that this have affected growth trend..
    Keywords: Scientific Output, Scopus, Scientometric, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  • Mohammad Torabi-Nami *, Mohammad Nasehi, Samira Razavi, Mohammad Reza Zarrindast Page 6
    Background
    Sleep deprivation (SD) is emerging as a hot topic due to its health concerns. There are compelling reasons for a tremendous interest in neuroscience of sleep in recent years..
    Objectives
    We aimed to evaluate how total sleep deprivation (TSD) and chronic partial sleep restriction (CPSR) might affect memory, anxiety-related behaviors, and the serum level of neurochemical markers such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and corticosterone in a rat model..
    Materials And Methods
    The disk-over-water (DOW) apparatus was employed to induce TSD and CPSR in male Wistar rats. The six study arms were as follows: cage control, 48 hours; cage control, seven days; DOW control, 48 hours; DOW control, seven days, TSD, and CPSR. Elevated plus-maze (EPM) was used to measure parameters (percentage of OAT, percentage of OAE, and locomotor activity) corresponding to anxiety and aversive memory. To measure serum BDNF and corticosterone levels using the ELISA method, blood samples were drawn from all rats on the fourth day at 5 P.M..
    Results
    Our results demonstrated that TSD (P < 0.001) and CPSR (P < 0.001) induce memory impairment while exert anxiolytic-like effects in comparison with controls. Data showed that CPSR causes more memory impairment and anxiolytic-like effect in comparison to TSD (P < 0.001).These interventions however, did not alter the locomotor activity. Serum corticosterone level raised dramatically in CPSR rats in comparison to TSD and controls. Although the difference in serum BDNF level between TSD and CPSR arms was insignificant, it was markedly decreased in comparison to corresponding controls (P < 0.001)..
    Conclusions
    Our findings suggest the more pronounced effect of CPSR rather than TSD in impairing aversive memory and reducing anxiety. Decreased BDNF and peaked corticosterone level in TSD and CPSR suggest the probable inflammatory processes involved in possible insults to the brain caused by SD..
    Keywords: Sleep Deprivation, Memory, Anxiety, Corticosterone, BDNF, Rat(s)
  • Reza Ghaderi *, Alireza Saadatjoo Page 7
    Background
    Vitiligo is a common acquired pigmentary skin disease that can adversely affect the patients’ quality of life (QOL)..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the QOL in patients with vitiligo..Patients and
    Methods
    This study included 70 patients with vitiligo. All the patients filled out two questionnaires: Short Form 36 (SF-36) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Data were compiled and analyzed by SPSS 17..
    Results
    The mean score of patients with vitiligo on DLQI scale was 8.40 ± 5.76 (rang, 0-23). Although males scores on SF-36 scale was higher than females, the difference was not statistically significant (ANOVA, P = 0.68). With regard to age, The mean total score of SF-36 indicated insignificant differences among age groups (ANOVA, P = 0.456). There was a significant reverse correlation between the scores of different dimensions of QOL obtained from the study questionnaires..
    Conclusions
    The study findings showed that vitiligo has a significant effect on the patients’ QOL. It seems that psychotherapy should be considered in the treatment of vitiligo..
    Keywords: Quality of Life, Questionnaire, Vitiligo
  • Homeira Vafaei, Farideh Khorami, Seyed Taghi Heydari *, Fariborz Ghaffarpasand Page 8
    Background
    Preterm delivery is defined as delivery between the 20th and 37th week of pregnancy that affects 7% to 11% of all pregnancies and continues to be the primary cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and reliability of cervical length (CL) measurement by transperineal and transvaginal ultrasonography (TPUS and TVUS, respectively) in the second trimester..Patients and
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study included 196 pregnant women at 18th to 24th weeks of gestation who were referred to Zeinabieh and Hafez hospitals, affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. CL was measured by TVUS and TPUS and the measurements between 18 and 24 weeks of gestation were used to predict preterm delivery..
    Results
    Preterm delivery was recorded in 16 pregnant women (8.2%). A statistically significant difference in mean of measured CL by TVUS and TPUS was found between preterm and term delivery groups (TVUS, 33.5 ± 4.1 mm in term and 21.8 ± 6.0 mm in preterm delivery, P < 0.001; and TPUS, 34.2 ± 4.6 mm in term and 22.6 ± 5.0 mm in preterm delivery). Areas under the receptor operative characteristic curves were 0.973 and 0.978 for the TVUS and TPUS, respectively. There was a strong correlation between the TVUS and TPUS at a cutoff point of ≤ 28 mm with sensitivity of 93.75% and specificity of 92.74%..
    Conclusions
    TPUS can be an appropriate alternative for predicting preterm delivery with a comparable accuracy to TVUS..
    Keywords: Cervical Length Measurement, Transvaginal Sonography, Transperineal Sonography, Preterm Delivery