Shiraz Emedical Journal
Volume:17 Issue: 11, Nov 2016

To evaluate the perception and satisfaction of patients versus staffs in three psychiatric wards in Tehran..
219 participants (patients and staffs) from Imam Hossein, Taleghani and Rouzbeh hospitals were evaluated using WAS (ward atmosphere scale), WES -10 (working environment scale), Moos and VSSS (verona service satisfaction scale- 32) questionnaires..
217 participants including 121 patients (55.2%), 58 staffs (26.4%) (nurses and assistant nurses) and 38 doctors (17.3%) (Psychiatrist and residents) were evaluated. The highest mean score in WAS for patients was in order and organization (0.57 ± 0.13) and for staffs was in anger and aggressive behavior (0.58 ± 0.13) items, moreover the lowest mean score in patients and staffs was in autonomy. The mean scores for patients regarding order and organization, staff control and clarity items were higher compared to staffs and in other items the staffs scored higher than patients. Involvement with therapy strongly correlated with Verona ( 0.75). MOOS showed direct significant correlation with self-realization and indirect significant correlation with nervousness, conflict and work load in WES-10..
Staff and patients perceive the treatment environment differently, moreover staff consider ward atmosphere more suitable than patients, but staff satisfaction did not correlate with their perception from treatment environment..

Sometimes the fetus suffers some abnormalities that damage its physical and mental growth. There have already been some indications for legal abortion and in fact, since 2005, some other conditions have been added in the Islamic republic of Iran under certain conditions..
This study was aimed to study the fetal causes of legal abortion referred to the Fars province forensic medical centers from 2007 to 2013..
This is a descriptive-analytic retrospective study. The subjects included are the cases referred to the forensic medicine centers in Shiraz, Iran, during the years of 2007 and 2013. There were 1,664 samples in total and the sampling was done upon census. The variables of demography, midwifery, mother’s disease, fetal disease and reasons for abortion were considered in the checklist of the questionnaires. The gathered data was analyzed by SPSS, version 16..
The highest frequency of abortion was observed and 31.5% related to mothers between the ages of 25-30. In 79.6% of the cases, abortion certificates were issued for fetal causes, 35.25% for thalassemia major and 23.4% for neural system congenital disorders. Consanguineous marriage accounted for 60.8% of abortion cases and 83.42% had an abortion before the fourth month of their pregnancy. Furthermore, in about16.58% of the cases, an abortion certificate was issued for mother’s distress and constrictions. Approximately 36.75% of the couples had a family history of thalassemia and 17.65% of them already had a child with congenital abnormality..
The most frequent causes of fetal abortion licenses were due to the thalassemia and congenital malformations of the nervous system..

Controversy exists regarding the role played by parent-children relationships for children’s behavioral and psychosocial development. Crucial for some authors, others consider parenting styles as part of a more complex system. Less adaptive parenting styles are generally associated with children who have lower involvement at school and may contribute for psychopathology emergence..
To investigate the contribution of parenting styles for the explanation of child psychopathology..
Hypothesis: Parenting styles (H1) and parents’ childhood memories regarding parenting styles (H2) do contribute significantly for the explanation of statistical variance of children’s psychopathology..
Participants: 110 children (67 boys, 43 girls) aged 7-11 years (M = 9.22, SD = 1.14) from schools in Portugal as well as 83 fathers and 86 mothers; Instruments: For parenting styles, the Portuguese version of EMBU memories of upbringing (for parents regarding their own parents), EMBU-P (for parents) and EMBU-C (for children) were used. To assess children’s psychopathology the Portuguese version of CBCL was used..
According to linear regressions, individual and family factors do contribute significantly for the explanation of all CBCL’s indexes. EMBU-C regarding mothers’ parenting styles only explains the Hyperactivity/Attention index. EMBU-P explains most of CBCL’s indexes. Mothers’ and Fathers’ EMBU Memories of Upbringing explains the overall CBCL’s indexes..
The explanation of children’s psychopathology by parenting styles is not restricted to parents’ representations regarding their own parenting styles nor to children’s perceptions regarding parenting styles but extends to memories of parents regarding parenting styles used by their own parents. The ability of EMBU Memories of Upbringing to explain children’s psychopathology seems to exceed the EMBU-P’s and EMBU-C’s capacity..

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Iranian women of reproductive age..
In this multicentric cross-sectional study, 300 women aged 15 - 45 years referring to Tehran branch of Islamic Azad university hospitals from 2013 to 2015 were recruited. The collected data included the demographic characteristics of the participants, including age, body mass index (BMI), parity, and serum level of vitamin D. Serum levels of 25-dihydroxy vitamin D were measured by radioimmunoassay. Vitamin D was defined as deficient Among the 300 patients, 257 cases had vitamin D deficiency; among whom, 122 cases had severe, 96 had moderate and 38 had mild deficiency..
According to the results of this study, only 14.8% of the study population had normal serum vitamin D levels, indicating that the majority of Iranian women in the reproductive age have vitamin D deficiency.

Investigating the conditions and the appropriateness of admission of patients in hospitals is an important issue which can improve the efficiency of health care delivery. Intensive care unit (ICU) is important due to applying expensive financial sources; therefore, its efficient application is of great priority. In this regard, the current study aimed to determine the financial burden of inappropriate admissions in internal intensive care units (IICUs)..
It was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2014. A total of 294 patients admitted to IICUs of Shahid Faghihi and Nemazee hospitals of Shiraz, Iran, in 2012 were enrolled into this retrospective study. The study was conducted in two phases, using the guidelines of American critical care association (ACCA) and experts’ opinion to investigate the financial burden of inappropriate admissions in IICUs of the above-mentioned hospitals..
The results showed no statistically significant relationships among insurance status, insurance type, age, gender and inappropriate admission by applying Chi-square. Among 294 admitted patients under the study, the inappropriate admissions were 11.2% based on the guidelines and 13.6% based on the experts’ opinion. The level of agreement of the guidelines and experts’ opinion for the inappropriate admissions was 0.076 based on Kappa coefficient. The total financial burden imposed on the insurance agencies and the patients by inappropriate admissions was US$ 47867.78 based on the guidelines and US$ 83241.68 based on the experts’ opinion..
Inappropriate admissions to ICUs may impose additional costs to the health system and the patients on one hand, and deprives other patients from receiving health services. Therefore, it is crucial to effectively plan for the application of ICU beds..