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Arya Atherosclerosis - Volume:13 Issue: 2, Mar 2017

Arya Atherosclerosis
Volume:13 Issue: 2, Mar 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/02/18
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Ali Khaledifar, Marzeih Nasiri, Borzoo Khaledifar, Arsalan Khaledifar, Ali Mokhtari Page 1
    Background
    Complementary medicine interventions are now successfully used to reduce stress as well as to stabilize hemodynamic indices within different procedures. The present study aimed to examine the effect of massage therapy and reflexotherapy on reducing stress in patients before coronary angiography.
    Methods
    In this open-label clinical trial, 75 consecutive patients who were candidate for coronary angiography were randomly assigned to receive reflexotherapy (n = 25), or massage therapy (n = 25), or routine care (n = 25) before angiography. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to determine the stress level of patients before and after interventions and vital signs were also measured.
    Results
    Improvement in diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate was shown in the reflexotherapy group, and similar effects were observed following other interventions including massage therapy and routine resting program. In subjects who received reflexotherapy the level of stress decreased slightly compared with the other two groups. However, following interventions the level of stress in reflexotherapy group was shown to be lower than other study groups.
    Conclusion
    Reflexotherapy before coronary angiography can help to stabilize vital sign as well as reduce the level of stress. The effect of massage therapy was limited to reducing stress.
    Keywords: Reflexotherapy, Massage Therapy, Coronary Angiography, Vital Signs, Emotional Stress
  • Nafiseh Rashidipour-Fard, Majid Karimi, Sahar Saraf-Bank, Mohammad Hassan Baghaei, Fahimeh Haghighatdoost, Leila Azadbakht Page 2
    Background
    Concurrent with increase in life expectancy, the prevalence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has also increased. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between healthy eating index (HEI) score and CVD risk factors among Iranian elderly.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of elderly persons from Isfahan, Iran, in 2013. Totally, 107 retired subjects were entered in statistical analysis. A semi- quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the dietary intake of participants. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure of participants were determined. Fasting blood samples were taken for biochemical assessments.
    Results
    The results of linear regression determined a significant inverse association between HEI score and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR, β = -0.238 (-0.426, -0.048)], fasting blood glucose [β = -0.194 (-0.383, -0.004)], and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP, β = -0.196, (-0.386, -0.005)]. In addition, a significant positive association was observed between HEI score and high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C, β = 0.196 (0.006, 0.385)] levels. However, after adjusting for confounding variables, these significant associations were disappeared except for hs-CRP [β = -0.074 (-0.145, -0.003)].
    Conclusion
    Healthy eating index was associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular risk factors in old people. It seems that more adherence with healthy eating index could provide cardio-protective effects in elderly persons.
    Keywords: Healthy Diet, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases, Aged Persons, Iran
  • Alireza Khosravi, Davood Rajabi, Afzal Roohi, Masoumeh Esmaeili Page 3
    Background
    The applicability of manual aspiration thrombectomy in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has been a challenging issue. This study aimed to compare the impact of additive manual thrombectomy on patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and total cutoff vessel with standard primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) with bailout thrombectomy.
    Methods
    In this case-control study, 181 patients with acute STEMI were enrolled who referred to Chamran Hospital (Isfahan, Iran) between August to December 2014. The culprit lesion was treated with routine PPCI with bailout thrombectomy (111 patients) and routine primary thrombectomy then percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI, 70 patients) during hospitalization and one month after discharge. Patients in the case group received manual thrombectomy before PPCI and patients in the control group received standard PPCI with bailout thrombectomy. Patients were followed during the study procedure, post-hospitalization and one month later for cardiovascular outcomes including death, recurrent MI, stroke, major bleeding, post PCI arrhythmia, no reflow, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI)-flow and TIMI myocardial blush grade (TMBG), which were assessed and recorded.
    Results
    Myocardial perfusion and angiographic outcomes had no significant differences in the two groups (P = 0.730). There was also no significant difference in no reflow prevalence between the two groups (P > 0.990). There were no significant differences for primary outcomes such as death, stroke, major bleeding and arrhythmia between the two groups (P
    Conclusion
    This study showed there is no significant difference in cardiovascular outcomes such as death, stroke, bleeding, arrhythmia, target vessel revascularization, and distal embolization during hospitalization and one month after discharge in patients with acute MI and total cutoff of the involved vessel, who underwent PPCI with and without primary Export® aspiration catheter direct thrombosuction.
    Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases, Myocardial Infarction, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Thrombectomy
  • Saeed Alipour-Parsa, Habib Haybar, Mohammad Hasan Namazi, Morteza Safi, Isa Khaheshi, Mehdi Memaryan, Amir Mohammad Eghbalnejad-Mofrad Page 4
    Background
    Inflammation has an important role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and acute phase proteins such as pentraxin-3 (PTX3) can be deployed in determining the prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). So the purpose of this paper was to evaluate the PTX3 level and its related factors in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, the PTX3 levels were determined for 100 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction referred to the Modarres Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Checklist included demographic data [age, gender, history of myocardial infarction (MI)] and characteristics of heart disease (type of MI, culprit, and pre-dilation). PTX3 was measured for all patients before PCI.
    Results
    In this study, the mean age of the participants was 58.7 (11.4). Global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) score was higher in the group with abnormal PTX3 levels (P = 0.008). The number of the involved vessels (P = 0.005), MI type (P = 0.05), and the need for PCI all had a significant relation with abnormal PTX3 levels. The increased levels of PTX3 received higher Killip class, lower ejection fraction, and higher GRACE score. The group with abnormal PTX3 had a significant difference in platelet counts (P = 0.018) in comparison with the group with normal level of PTX3.
    Conclusion
    Currently, the biomarkers are highly important in the field of cardiovascular diseases. The diagnostic and prognostic importance of PTX3 as a new marker has been underscored in recent studies. Differentiating between high-risk patients with acute cardiac infarction and low-risk ones through their clinical signs is difficult.
    Keywords: Pentraxin-3, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Atherosclerosis, Prognosis, Related Factors, Coronary Artery Disease
  • Santosh Kumar Sinha, Vinay Krishna, Ramesh Thakur, Ashutosh Kumar, Vikas Mishra, Mukesh Jitendra Jha, Karandeep Singh, Mohit Sachan, Nasar Afdaali, Mohammad Asif, Rupesh Sinha, Chandra Mohan Varma Page 5
    Background
    India is currently in the fourth stage of epidemiological transitions where cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Purpose of the present study was to assess the risk factors, clinical presentation, angiographic profile including severity, and in-hospital outcome of very young adults (aged ≤ 30 years) with first acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
    Methods
    Total of 1,116 consecutive patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) were studied between March 2013 and February 2015 at LPS Institute of Cardiology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
    Results
    Mean age of the patients was 26.3 years. Risk factors were smoking (78.5%), family history of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) (46.8%), obesity (39.1%), physical inactivity (38.7%) and stressful life events (29.6%). The most common symptom and presentation was chest pain and anterior wall MI (AWMI) in 94.8% and 58.8%, respectively. About 80.6% of patients had obstructive CAD with single vessel disease (57.6%), double-vessel disease (12.9%) and left main involvement (3.2%). Left anterior descending (LAD) was commonest culprit artery (58.1%) followed by right coronary artery in 28.2%. In-hospital mortality was 2.8%. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 71.6% of patients. Median number and length of stent were 1.18 and 28 ± 16 mm, respectively.
    Conclusion
    AMI in very young adult occurred most commonly in male. Smoking was the most common risk factor. AWMI owing to LAD artery involvement was the most common presentation. Mean time of presentation after symptom onset was 16.9 hours. In contrast to western population, it is characterised by earlier onset, delayed presentation, more severity, diffuse disease, and more morbidity but with favourable in-hospital mortality
    Keywords: Myocardial Infarction, Angiography, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Young Adults
  • Hedieh Alimi, Afsoon Fazlinezhad Page 6
    Background
    Parachute tricuspid valve is a rare congenital malformations explained in the literature. In most cases, this malformation coexists with other congenital defects. The importance of this condition depends on its functional consequences.
    CASE REPORT: First case was a 52-year-old female patient presented with palpitation. She had a history of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed large secundum type atrial septal defect and all the tricuspid valve leaflets appeared to be connected to a single calcified papillary muscle in right ventricle suggestive of parachute tricuspid valve. Echocardiography showed severe right ventricle and right atrial enlargement, and moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation without significant tricuspid stenosis. Another case was a 30-year-old female patient referred for echocardiography prior to her breast cancer chemotherapy. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a right ventricle with an unusual fusion of papillary muscles resulting in a single calcified head for the attachment of all tricuspid leaflets. These findings were suggestive of a parachute-like tricuspid valve. Other data were mild to moderate tricuspid regurgitation without any stenosis, and normal right ventricle size and function. In both cases, parachute tricuspid valve was confirmed by three dimensional echocardiograph.
    Conclusion
    In our first case, parachute tricuspid valve was associated with atrial septal defect, although in the second case, no associated anomaly was detected, a condition not previously reported in the literature. In both cases, parachute tricuspid valve was not associated with tricuspid stenosis. Based on other published cases, parachute involvement of the tricuspid valve is less often reported than cases involving the mitral valve. Additionally, the associated consequences in tricuspid valve position such as tricuspid stenosis seem to be less significant than cases involving mitral valve. It is recommended that in patients with tricuspid valve involvement, parachute anomaly should be considered as a possible rare cause.
    Keywords: Tricuspid Valve, Congenital Abnormalities, Atrial Septal Defect, Echocardiography
  • Right ventricular thrombosis as a manifestation of Behçet's syndrome
    Payam Ebrahimifar, Javad Shahabi Page 7
    Background
    Behçet's disease (BD) is a rare condition with a classic triad of oral and genital ulceration and eye disease. Cardiovascular complication is a rare finding in BD.
    CASE REPORT: In this report, we present a seventeen years old patient with a history of fever for 20 days, who developed a clot in right ventricle (RV). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography demonstrated a thrombosis in RV and a thoracic multi detector computed tomographic image showed pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in patient. The patient was administered with methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and anticoagulant. A regular follow-up was carried out. Two months later, the RV clot had disappeared on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).
    Conclusion
    In BD, early cardiac MRI and echocardiography should be performed for the detection of cardiac involvement, and medical treatment is the first choice of treatment.
    Keywords: Behçet's Disease, Cardiac Complication, Thrombosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Masoumeh Sadeghi Page 8