فهرست مطالب

Archives of Razi Institute
Volume:61 Issue: 2, Summer 2006

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1385/05/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • H. Hosseini, M.H. Bozorgmehrifard, S.M. Peighambari, S.A. Pourbakhsh, M. Razzazian Pages 67-71
    Ten field isolates of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) from different geographical areas of Iran were analyzed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD). RAPD analysis produced reproducible banding patterns on the basis of which various distinct amplification patterns could be detected. MG isolates compared with reference strains (S6 and Mg SS) and vaccine strain (ts-11) and demonstrated distinct RAPD profiles. The results indicated genotypic diversity and heterogeneity among MG isolated from field, which can be used for epidemiological studies and for differentiation between vaccine strain, and field isolates.
  • K. Solhjoo, F. Ghafari Far, A. Dalimi, Z. Sharifi Pages 73-79
    Genetic typing methods of T. gondii strains have been extensively perfected in recent years. From a technical point of view, many tools usable for genetic studied on single-copy loci have been used: RFLP, PCR-RFLP, sequencing, RAPD-PCR and isoenzyme analysis. We described the cloning and sequence analysis of the gene which encodes the major surface antigen (SAG1 or P30) of T. gondii. SAG1 is the immunodominant antigen of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites being considered as the most promising molecule for a recombinant vaccine or such as DNA vaccine against toxoplasmosis. In the present work, first, genomic DNA of Toxoplasma gondii was extracted and used for amplifying of SAG1 gene as a template. Then PCR product was cloned into pTZ57R/T vector and plasmid containing SAG1 gene (pT-SAG1) was extracted from transformed bacteria and SAG1 gene cloned into pTZ57R/T was sequenced. Results showed that the P30 gene contains no introns and can extract it from genomic DNA of tachyzoite stage. Results showed also that SAG1 gene is cloned in pTZ57R/T plasmid, forming pT-SAG1 recombinant plasmid and E. coli TG1 strain is the best host for pT-SAG1 transformation. Sequence analysis of SAG1 gene cloned into pTZ57R/T vector showed that SAG1 gene sequence from a high virulent strain of T. gondii (Known as RH strain) has 100% sequence identity with P-Br strain, P strain and C strain and high homology of 98% with RH strain and ZS1 strain.
  • N. Mohammad Pour, Dounighi, H. Zolfagharian Pages 81-89
    The immunogenicity of ten different formulations of intranasal diphtheria and tetanus vaccines which containing different absorption enhancers, adjuvants and other excipients were determined in guinea pigs by the serum neutralization (SN) method. From these ten formulations, it was selected four formulations which gave significant immunogenicity in guinea pigs. In order to design the "final formulation" composition of these four formulations investigated properly and final formulations designed accordingly and tested in human volunteers. The parenteral and intranasal diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DT) vaccines were tested in two groups of human volunteers, and serological responses were estimated in both groups (The parenteral DT vaccine containing aluminum phosphates as an adjuvant). Our results showed very good serological responses (p <0.01) in both groups of human volunteers. It can be concluded that the intranasal vaccination can be a good alternate in the field of vaccination.
  • G.R. Mohammadi, K. Ghazvini, H. Abbas Panah Pages 91-96
    This study evaluated the nasopharyngeal microbial flora and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the one hundred and thirty Holstein calves with dairy calf pneumonia from dairy farms of Mashhad Suburb between September 2002 and August 2003. The most common micro-organisms isolated were Pasteurella multocida 80 (61.54%), Mannheimia haemolytica 41 (31.54%), Bacillus sp. 15 (11.54%), Staphylococcus sp. 3 (2.31%), Streptococcus sp. 4 (3.08%), Pseudomonas sp. 3 (2.31%), Proteus sp. 3 (2.31%) and E coli 5 (3.84%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on all M. haemolytica and P. multocida employing the disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). Each strain was tested with 10 antimicrobial agents. With 7 (17.08%), 6 (14.63%), 4 (9.75%) and 1 (2.44%) of M. haemolytica were resistant to lincomycin, gentamicin, oxytetracycline and chloramphenicol, respectively. However, resistance to penicillin, lincomycin, amoxicillin, gentamicin and oxytetracycline was observed in 10 (12.50%), 6 (7.50%), 6 (7.50%), 5 (6.25%) and 5 (6.25%) of P. multocida isolates, respectively. All M. haemolytica and P. multocida tested were found susceptible to florfenicol and cephalothin. The results show the need for local veterinarians and producers to be more responsible in the use of antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in calves, and growing danger of the dissemination of strains of M. haemolytica or P. multocida resistant to most antimicrobials which could complicate in the future the treatment of pneumonia in these animals.
  • M. Kafi, M.R. Mcgowan, H. Bielefeldt, Ohmann Pages 97-104
    Twelve (Experiment I) and four (Experiment II) multiparous dairy cows seronegative to pestivirus were selected and randomly assigned to either a control group which did not become infected or a treatment group in which all cows became infected following intranasal inoculation 9 days before AI. The experimental induction of infection was carried out with 2 ml of non-cytopathic pestivirus (BVD virus) suspension containing 5 log10 TCID50/ml (Experiment I) and 4.5 log10 TCID50/ml (Experiment II). In both experiments, the cows were superovulated on day 10±2 of the cycle using the standard procedures. The cows in Experiment I were artificially inseminated at 12 and 24 h after the onset of estrus and a non-surgical ova/embryo collection was performed 7 days after AI. In Experiment II, the cows were slaughtered on day 8 after superovulation-induced estrus and the ovaries submitted for gross and histopahological examination including immunohistochemistry. Mean (±SE) number of ovulatory sized follicles on day of AI and corpora lutea palpated on day 7 after AI were significantly (p<0.05) higher in control un-infected cows compared to that of the pestivirus infected cows (17.1 ± 2.6 vs. 9.2 ± 1.1 and 12.2 ± 2.7 vs. 2.8 ± 0.9), respectively. On histopathological examinations, the mean (±SE) number of unovulated lutenised follicles (≥ 9mm in diameter) present on the ovaries of the control cows on day 8 after estrus was 6.8±4.9 compared to 12.5±5.4 for the infected cows. Further, many corpora lutea in the ovaries of infected cows had a hypoplastic or atrophic wall. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that pestivirus infection during the period of final growth of preovulatory follicles results in a disturbance in ovulation and development of corpus luteum leading to a poor superovulatory response in multiparous dairy cows.
  • M.A. Zare, B.G. Guodarzi, F. Jazayeri, S.R. Moghainami, E. Mostajabi Pages 105-110
    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of complex substances that are produced during incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. PAHs are known to be persistent pollutants which can remain in nature for years. In 1991 during the first Persian Gulf War south west part of Iran was contaminated heavily. This study was undertaken to see if the PAHs can be traceable in animal tissues many years after the incidence. One hundred of buffalos aged 12±2 years old were selected from polluted regions and to compare the results, 50 camels at same range age were also selected from a control region where expected to be contaminated by local crude oil. All the animals were scarified and fat samples were collected. Sixteen PAHs were determined by HPLC. While some of low molecular weight PAHs were not detectable, in samples from polluted region significant amount of heavy molecular weight PAHs were detected in samples of same animal fat tissues. On the other hand although most of PAHs were detected in animal samples from control region but the amount of PAHs of high molecular weight were comparatively lower in control region. Results of this study reveals that south west part of I.R. of Iran was highly contaminated by pollutants emitted during burning of Kuwait oil well in 1991.This study may be helpful in finding the PAHs contamination and traceability of organic pollutants even after many years has passed from the incidence.
  • M.R. Gholami, R. Momayez Pages 117-120
    Samples of formalin fixed gastrointestinal organs of three month ostrich chicks were submitted to the department of Pathology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute. Histologically hepatitis and pancreatitis with large eosinophilic intra nuclear inclusion bodies were prominent in hepatic and pancreatic cells. These inclusions were suspected as adenovirus inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in variety of avian species. On the epithelium of main pancreatic duct large number of cryptosporidium parasites were present.