Journal of Geotechnical Geology
Volume:12 Issue: 2, 2016

The study area in the South East of Iran in geological zone Makran. The geographical location of the study area in orbit 25 degrees 13 minutes north latitude and 60 degrees to 25 degrees and 25 minutes and 35 minutes to the meridian of 60 degrees and 55 minutes east is located.This area covers part of the northern coast of Oman Sea. In addition to marine risks, different risks of coastal Makransubduction zone, especially during faults, sea water and its harmful effects on coasts and ports affected are southern province and Sometimes destroys all obstacles on your own.In this study, using hydrological studies, tectonics, using satellite images and aerial photographs using GIS, mapping areas of high risk, low risk and safe to reduce marine and coastal hazards have been identified. One application for this research review Lifeline residential areas for relief is taken when necessary. For example, invasion routes tsunami, mud flows, floods, landslides and loss development in the region, degradation of coastal, safe and risky areas on land and in the South East coast's topography is predicted. Accordingly,in the regionsLipar, Chabaharandtees, thedestructionis high.Greatseabeach resortarea, parkTajMahal(downhill), a beautifulcity, townGolshahrspringandwavepower, you must first gentleuphillandthendownhillthroughtheturns, With increasingwaveheight, thefloodareasand allvitalarterywillbe cutanddamagesmultiplier. In the regionsRaminandbracewitha positiveslope (uphill), damagesand injuriesless(lowrisk) will be.Free industrial and trade zone in Chabahar is one of the safe areas (Such as emergency rooms, hospitals, blood transfusion services, airports, fire departments) should all be transmitted vital artery to Safe areas. It is necessary, lines of communication and highways, to avoid traffic and appropriate relief work to be constructed in the event of coastal hazards.

Extracting groundwater resources in Kuhdasht plain in west of Lorestan province as a suitable and available resources of water for agricultural usage, has been led to decline in groundwater level and reservoir storage, changes in water quality, land subsidence and etc. Artificial recharge plans are one of the alternatives to deal with aforementioned challenges. Present study has been reached with the aim of locating prone areas for artificial recharge plans in Kuhdasht plain. Accordingly, seven layers including lithology, slope, elevation, fault density, stream density, land use, and alluvial thickness were weighted using a weighted linear combination (WLC) method. Finally, extracted map of overlapping these layers using WLC method was classified to five potential classes including 'very high' (31.45% of the area), 'high' (38.94%), 'moderate' (18.43%), 'low' (6.08%) and 'very low' (5.1%).

WARED system is Internet-based software that automatically receives the seismic information from Iran seismic center (ISC) every 10 seconds. The information is processed in a few seconds and damage assessment maps of various parts of the city (such as buildings, hospitals, bridges, etc.) become available, in layered format, to rescue groups through system site. WARED system based on the population exposed to each Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) level, it estimates the losses from earthquakes in residential areas. This system was implemented in the municipality of Mashhad (North East of Iran) in January 2014. Principles of information processing in this system depend on three main factors including the magnitude and location of earthquakes, the properties of the rocks and sediment the earthquake waves travel through, and the technical characteristics of the buildings (strength, age, type, and geotechnical conditions of soil, etc.). Therefore PGA is used as the most important parameter to assess the damages and fatality occurred. Primary purpose of WARED system is rapid dissemination of earthquake impact assessments for decision-making purposes. This is motivated by the idea that an estimated range of damage and number of deaths will aid in decisions regarding humanitarian response.

The development of knowledge of morphotectonic and seismotectionic during the past 10 years in the country reveals containing valuable information about the history of activity of a fault. These surveys in addition to reveal the activity of faults, they can be used in estimating the movement and rate of fault activity and detection of motion of shells blocks. This paper aims to identify fault in the sea and coastal-foothill areas and possibility of its activation and subsequent of marine hazards including tsunami and liquefaction, and to achieve this goal, it was investigated the structure status of region, coastal fractures and sea context, the shell motions and the status of stress field.
The study region is semi western of south of Caspian and mainly in the range of Astara fault and Caspian fault and outcome of studies conducted is based on geophysical data and remote measuring in coastal- foothill part and then on the sea context.
The result of data indicates that the draught faults are extended and their activity is likely and subsequently we will have producing massive waves (tsunami) caused by the fault activity.
Studies have shown the regions of coasts of Noshahr and Chalus, Ramsar and Tonekabon in Mazandaran and coasts of Rudsar- Langrud and Lahijan in Gilan province has the highest risk of drowning and its reason can be heterogeneous topography of various depths in the sea in the cities.

In this study, the effect of nanosilica and nanokaolinite particles on geotechnical properties of clayey soils is investigated. The mechanical method of Planetary Ball Mill was used for nanoparticles production. In this process, initial silicate and kaolinite powders was milled in Planetary Ball Mill for 10 hours with speed of 500 Rpm. This product was in nanometer scale and FESEM images prove it. In next stage, nanoparticles were mixed with clayey soil (CL) in different weight ratio of dry soil then geotechnical properties of treated soils was determined by compaction, direct shear, cassagrande and unconfined compression tests and optimum percentage of added nanosilica and nanokaolinite obtained. As a result we understood LL and PL of soil increased while percentage of added nanoparticles increased but increasing of PL is more than LL, thus PI is decreased that is proper in geotechnical engineering for construction. Also compaction tests results was shown the density of clayey soil was increased by adding of nanoparticles with specific amount and higher than that the density would be decreased. Direct shear tests has been proved, cohesion of clayey soils increased by adding of specific amount of nanoparticles to optimum and there is no more change by increasing the nanoparticles. Results of unconfined compression tests indicated that compressive strength of amended soils could be raised up to 3 times more than unamend soil by adding nanoparticles. Results of XRD and XRF tests showed that chemical attribute of nanoparticles produced by planetary ball mill is same as initial material.

On the north-side of Phase 7 gas flare site located in South Pars Gas Complex (SPGC), Assalouyeh, Iran has a discontinuous rock slope that due to tectonic activity has been vertical mode folded. Also, the coastal climate caused to weathering of mass and occurring toppling failure in this slope. This instability causes some problems in accessing the flare site. So, this slope need to stability analysis and stabilization. In order to stability analysis of this discontinuous rock slope, utilized the distinct elements method (DEM). The modelling process of toppling failures in UDEC is divided to geometrical and mechanical modelling. The result of modelling has good agreement with the toppling failures definition and process.

Embankment dam of Zarani in the Hormozgan province is located 35 km southeast of Minab. Studied area is located in the western end of the Makran subduction zone. The main regional faulting systems near the site, is Minab- ZandanPalami right- handed thrust system. The purpose of this study was to identify the geology, engineering geology of reservoir area, and foundation and fulcrum of dam, scrutiny and analysis discontinuities of rock mass, to determine joints and fractures, determine the permeability of dam structure (foundation and fulcrum) based on the results lugeon test and finally, offer suggestions for cut off dam. The research method includes first gather basic information and general research, and then field investigations were done and finally were analyzed data by the Stereonet, Stereograph and Dips software. The result of lugeon test showed penetration depth in the right, middle and left side are 45, 45 and 50 respectively, the slope of shale - sandstone layers of site is near vertical and the dip direction is the east to northeast. This condition of site formation has cut off rule, but it cause to seepage on the right shore of reservoir. In the right shore of the reservoir, shale layers were dominant and have folded out by the Zendan faults and has changed trend of the layers, which caused cut off in this area. The left and right abutment of structure, three sets of discontinuities crosscut the rock mass, according to the layering in these categories are with discontinuities, make most of potentially space to escape water, but because of vertical layers, this space has not noticeable effect on seepage.

This paper discusses the results of the site investigations and rock mechanics studies carried out at the proposed Shahid dam site. Engineering geological properties of rock masses, such as permeability along the dam axis, discontinuities, strength, and stability of abutments, were investigated in order to determine probable problems prior to constructions. Shahid Dam is an earth fill dam with the clay core. The dam on the Marbor river, is located about 110 km of south of Semirom city in the Isfahan Province, Iran. The dam and its associated earth structures are mainly founded on alluvium and limestone in the High Zagros zone. Quaternary alluvium at the dam site has a thickness of about 20 m and overlies the Surmeh, Gadvan and breccia formations, comprises the Jurassic, Cretaceous and Post-Cretaceous rocks of the Zagros
Mountains. Studies were carried out both at the field and the laboratory. Field studies include engineering geological mapping, intensive discontinuity surveying, kinematical analyses, drilling, Lugeon and Lofran permeability tests, and sampling for laboratory testing. Rock mass classifications, strength characteristics, and constants of rock masses were expressed by using Hoek-Brown empirical failure criteria, RMR, GSI, and Q values. The results of the investigations indicate that the foundation rocks are suitable for designing the proposed Shahid dam, and the rocks exposed in the right bank are of higher quality rock masses when compared to those in the left bank.