نشریه مطالعات اسلام و روان شناسی
پیاپی 22 (بهار و تابستان 1397)

The aim of this study was to formulate a therapy protocol according to the mindfulness based on the activation of spiritual-Islamic schemas in the girl students' marital satisfaction. The population was all girl students studying in the Islamic Azad University in the city of Kangavar, in 2016-2017. 28 students who got the lower scores in the marital satisfaction were voluntarily selected and were randomly placed into the test and control groups of 14. The two groups completed the Jadiri's marital satisfaction questionnaire, once before the test, one time immediately after the test, and once a month after the intervention. The data were analyzed with the help of both one-way ANOVA and multi-way ANOVA tests. The findings showed that the researcher-formulated therapy protocol can significantly increase the level of marital satisfaction among students. This increase also happened in the follow-up phase. As a result, the therapy protocol of mindfulness based on the spiritual-Islamic schemas is a proper way to increase the level of marital satisfaction among the couples.

The purpose of this study was to construct and validate an assessment scale for spiritual needs. The first version of the scale, which included 164 items, was formulated with the help of the Shojaei's (2007) article. The population was the students of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. This descriptive-analytical study was done by the survey method. Then, the scale was reduced to 74 items according to the experts' ideas. By the simple random sampling, 740 students were selected as the sample and answered the questionnaire. For analyzing the data, the confirmatory factor analysis of main components by covariance or correlation matrix was used with the help of SPSS software. The calculation of Cronbach's alpha showed that the internal reliability coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0.98. The factor loading of all components ranging from 0.82 to 0.92 and all questions ranging from 0.58 to 0.86 was significant. Therefore, this scale can assess the spiritual needs with the research and diagnostic objectives.

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between Islamic lifestyle and marital satisfaction with the mediation of optimism. The correlation and path analysis was applied with the help of AMOS20 software. The population was the married public employees of the Consumers and Producers Protection Organization in Tehran and 214 employees (94 men and 120 women) were selected by the cluster sampling. They answered the Afrouz's couples' satisfaction questionnaire, Nouri's Islamic optimism questionnaire, and the Heirat et al.'s couples' Islamic lifestyle questionnaire. The findings demonstrated that there is a positive and significant relationship between Islamic lifestyle and marital satisfaction (p<0.01), in which Islamic lifestyle has a direct and meaningful effect on marital satisfaction (p<0.05). In addition, the standard value of the indirect effect of lifestyle with the mediation of optimism on marital satisfaction is significant at the level of 0.05. Therefore, Islamic lifestyle with the mediation of optimism has an indirect effect on marital satisfaction and two variables of optimism and Islamic lifestyle explain marital satisfaction

The aim of this study was to formulate a therapy protocol according to the mindfulness based on the activation of spiritual-Islamic schemas in the girl students' marital satisfaction. The population was all girl students studying in the Islamic Azad University in the city of Kangavar, in 2016-2017. 28 students who got the lower scores in the marital satisfaction were voluntarily selected and were randomly placed into the test and control groups of 14. The two groups completed the Jadiri's marital satisfaction questionnaire, once before the test, one time immediately after the test, and once a month after the intervention. The data were analyzed with the help of both one-way ANOVA and multi-way ANOVA tests. The findings showed that the researcher-formulated therapy protocol can significantly increase the level of marital satisfaction among students. This increase also happened in the follow-up phase. As a result, the therapy protocol of mindfulness based on the spiritual-Islamic schemas is a proper way to increase the level of marital satisfaction among the couples.

The aim of this research was to answer the following questions: What are the factors and aspects of Islamic civilization (in terms of material and spiritual dimensions) and what is the relationship between these two dimensions? The content analysis of Imam Khomeini's written works was applied in this research. The results showed that a) the Islamic civilization is a truth in which the material and spiritual dimensions are along with each other; b) some of the aspects of Islamic civilization are as follows: knowledge, advancement and welfare, spirituality, safety, policy, Islamic nation, Islamic unity, etc.; c) according to the Imam Khomeini's thought, the Islamic civilization is monotheism-centered and all of the mentioned aspects are based on the monotheism; d) if the knowledge, technology, and material advancement are managed by the reason and revelation, the society will go to the evolution and excellence and if they are not managed by the reason and revelation, the society will decline.

The researches have confirmed that religiosity has a positive relationship with comfort and physical and mental health. This study tried to investigate the relationship between the attitude to religion (including religious beliefs and rites) and inner comfort (including happiness, life satisfaction, self-esteem) through hope and the meaning of life. 493 students in different fields of study were non-randomly selected among the universities of Tehran and answered the following questionnaires: The scale of inner happiness, the scale of life satisfaction, the Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, the scale of Muslims' attitude to religion, the test of purpose in life, and the scale of hope. The findings indicated that the attitude to religion has a positive relationship with happiness, life satisfaction, self-esteem, hope, and the meaning of life. The Sobel test confirmed that hope and the meaning of life play a mediator role in the relationship of attitude to religion with happiness, life satisfaction, and self-esteem. Hope and meaning are the essence of religion. This study concluded that the essence of religion helps the humans' comfort.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the short-term pattern of Spiritually Multi-dimensional Psychotherapy (SMP) on controlling the depression symptoms. This study was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The population was the depressed visitors referring to the Counseling Center of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and the Religious Counseling Center of Holy Shrine. According to the criteria for entry and exit, 40 visitors were selected and randomly placed into test and control groups. The study applied the Beck's depression inventory and the Janbozorgi's self-concept and God-image questionnaire. The test group received interventions during 12 one-half-hour sessions. The covariance analysis showed that in terms of the depression symptoms, there was a significant decrease in two groups. These interventions prepare the context of improving and making a real self-image and a real God-image and provide a mechanism of treatment and the sustainability of results by modifying the self-concept (a fictitious self-image) and God-image (a fictitious God-image)