فصلنامه تحقیقات فرهنگی ایران
سال سوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 11، پاییز 1389)

The components of current cities, step by step have been increased, and undergone numerous change, the mechanism of city integration in total aspects including social, cultural, physical and aesthetical features encountering to numerous change. To prevent the emergence and intensification of ambivalence in urban adjacent structures that were formed over centuries, raising abilities and skills for including and integration performance of such emerging and sporadic component in a coherent and meaningful whole is essential. This paper attempting to recognize the process of new structure integration in cities and resolving the opposition of cities features in the past by new developments. Such process take place by recognizing of instable parts for changing and continuing of signs system in time span or emphasizing on their emergence context. Conversion of multilateral structure in to the integrated structure, necessitate understanding of markedness in cities. Therefore in this research accessing to a method for evaluation and finding signs and their classification in a sign system which is originating from culture, believes, history, and ruling value on society and other related affairs, is considered by emphasizing on contextualization of city signs.

Religion is the most important value system in any society that needs to reproduce for society's stability in next genereations. Many different factors may effect this process but socialization is the most important among them and family among socialization agencies is very important. In this article we study the effect of family on the religiosity of youth in Yazd city according of Parson's & Chalabi's macro& micro functional theories about social order.Yazd city is a desert ancient city in Iran that was built before Islam and is called Isatis and after Islamic appearance and the people's tendency to this religion, this city called Dar- al- ebadeh. Yazd city also have been called as the city of Badgear-ha, Negin-e kavir, the city of Khesht-e-kham and also the city of Ghanat, Ghonoot and Ghanaat.It seems in the late decades, the process of modernization has effected cultural traits & social institutions including religion and family institutions. The method of this reaserch is survey. The population study is 136000 Yazd households that the sample sized is computed according of Cochran's formula (325 Yazd households). The data analysis techniques which have been used, include multiple- regression, variance analysis and correlation coefficient. The findings showed there is a meaningful relationship between religiosity as a dependent variable and common family harmony as independent variable and this relationship is direct& positive, it means with increasing family harmony the religiosity of youth will increase.

This study is performed to use quantitative and survey method among Arabs people of Ahwaz. In this research ethnic identity of Arabs is taken as one of the social problems and its consequences in three dimensions are studied: 1) Reduction of national identity, 2) Attitude to self determination and 3) Attitude to violence. Macro aims of this research are to answer the following questions: what are the internal factors affecting ethnic identity of Arabs of Ahwaz? How the change in ethnic identity does affect national identity of Arabs of Ahwaz? How the change in ethnic identity does affects attitude to its self determination of Arabs of Ahwaz? How the change in ethnic identity does affect attitude to its collective violence of Arabs of Ahwaz? Statistic sample in this study was 384 male and female Arabs of Ahwaz age 18 to 65 years old. The data was taken by questionnaire and in the case of multi stage cluster sampling during winter of 2007. In order to have more precise study, a pretest questionnaire was given to 50 Arabs of Ahwaz during September of 2007. The results of bivariate analysis revealed that 21 out 22 dependent variables (except communication to foreign) were significant with ethnic identity. Also ethnic identity and national identity are negative relationship (R=0/586). In analysis of bivariate 3 dependent variables that its value and index was more than others: 1. Satisfaction of political system, 2. Relative deprivation feeling in political and economical dimension.The result of multivariate analysis of data that was performed using multivariate regression step by step revealed that 9 variables were explained ethnic identity in %58 variance of independent variable. The most important dependent variable was relative deprivation feeling in political dimension = 0. 32 Reduction of national identity was the most important consequence. The two variable, attitude to self determination and attitude to violence were the negative consequences if ethnic identity.

In order to give an explanation of "Ghame-Zani" in Khmoeini Shahr city of Isfahan province, the present study is dealt with the role of cultural factors effective in "Ghame-Zani". The statistical population is included in the inhabitants of Khomeini Shahr ("Ghame-zani" participants, spectators and crowds of people). Amongst them 411 people were selected as a sample size of 69.8% males and 30.2% females, respectively. The methodology was survey research and the quota sampling method was applied as it is sensitive to the selection of studied group. Exploring the said statistical population on the basis of the prepared questionnaire led to some conclusions some of which are set forth as follows: Although there are some women attending "Ghame-Zani" in Khomeini Shahr, the frequency of "Ghame-Zani" is greater in men than women; there was no significant difference in "Ghame-Zani" among the single and the married individuals; the employed are more involved in "Ghame-Zani" rather than the unemployed; the people with an education level of below high school studies participate in "Ghame-Zani" more frequently than those with higher education; the frequency of "Ghame-Zani" in Foroushan parish in Khomeini Shahr is the highest and in Varnosfaderan parish the lowest, respectively; income rate has no impact on "Ghame-Zani" among the studied population. In addition, among the several incentives for "Ghame-Zani" the most important ones are concerned with culture; i.e. commemorating the sad events of "Ashura", respect for elders and ancestors, fulfillment of "Nazr-o-Niaz" (spiritual vows and oblations), consolidation and continuation of the culture of mourning and so forth.

Today, satisfaction of citizens is an unavoidable necessity in state-run organizations which is in the apex of their goals. This paper studies the effect of trust in these organizations on the satisfaction of citizens who are served by them. Satisfaction is influenced by different variables such as trust. Data was collected from a population of 8. 325 customers of 51 state-run organizations through context finding method. This index of trust was measured covering two major areas of customer’s expectations and their mental understanding of performance of organizations. Findings show that in most cases there are differences between expectations and performance of organizations which shows that these organizations have failed to cover customer’s needs completely. The most difference observed was related to the variable of “trust in attending people complains” while the smallest difference was related to “trust in skills of employees”. On the other hand, the study of the relationship between trust as an index and satisfaction of customers indicated a correlation of 87 between the two variables. It means that as trust increases, so does the satisfaction. Therefore, trust can be considered a factor which increases satisfaction of customers. More attention to standards and increasing sensitivity of employees and directors are recommended ways for increasing the trust.

It seems that “space” is of the most demonstration of human thinking, reflecting in buildings and cities. Analyzing this kind of “space” will show us the lifestyle and the human view about the whole world. Modernity, as a significant development in human thought, followed by modernism and modernization, itself came to huge changes in all spheres of human life. It changed the appearance of the world, including the spatial structure of cities and buildings, so the city can respond to new needs and demands of the modern man, simultaneously caused new necessities and requirements. Studying this mutual changes, though has a relatively long history in the west, is in its beginning in a country like Iran. According to the theses of this paper, apriority of thought on the practice, I argue that the spatial structure of Tehran in the late Gajar Dynasty was formed according to that development. In spite of that developments in Tehran, new networks of urban communications, modern functions in spatial structures and then, new formation in of infrastructures of the city as the capital, took place. In addition to his exterior changes, this city in that time also was ready to new social reforms which ended in the constitutional movement. Analyzing many of the changes in Pahlavi dynasty, Esp. in Reza Shah Period, would be impossible, unless the Gajar Dynasty in perspective of spatial and social changes is understood.

Culture is the most important issue affecting the development of human societies. The term of cultural development is common in recent years and can give an end to the conflict between tradition and modernity, between places and habitat. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the development process in rural areas after culture. Central County of Rostam Township can be remarkable in terms of great capabilities, especially in agriculture and patient talent strategic location and it’s potential. Population statistics in this study included 53 villages of central county of Rostam township. Method used in this study, is descriptive method – analysis. Method of data collection is library – documents and field studies too and for data analysis software SPSS and Arc GIS and in analysis and assumptions to achieve the result of “Morris inharmonious index”. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of villages having a population conditions and cultural facilities. Between planning and social conditions of cultural geography found no significant relationship. Also, there was no significant relationship between social and geographical factors and cultural planning.