فصلنامه تحقیقات فرهنگی ایران
سال هفتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 25، بهار 1393)

By expanding the access to the Internet and the Internet social networks and increasing use which the youth represents of different types of issues and the content of these modern media، the cultural identity has transformed into one of the main concerns related to social coherence and national unity. Therefore، the present study investigates the relationship between the presence and interaction in Facebook social network and the youth''s cultural identity. The main question of this study is what influence using Facebook has on cultural identity of users? Is Facebook as one of the tools of globalization attenuator of cultural identity? The present study is in the form of a survey one and is conducted using the method ofvolunteer and available sampling and employing the internet researcher-made questionnaire by focusing Giddens'' Cultivation and Strucration theories. The population of the present study includes young users of Facebook in Isfahan in 2012 and the sample is equal 424 participants. The results of the present study indicate that there is a significant and reverse correlation between the length of membership، users'' amount of se and participation and activities in Facebook and their cultural identities and also there is a significant and positive correlation between considering Facebook contents as real and users'' cultural identities. It means that the more the length of membership is، the more the users'' amount of use and participation and activity in Facebook and the weaker users'' cultural identities.

In the different definitions and approaches to creativity، motivation has an important status. Using the social psychology''s view of creativity this essay has investigated the role of cultural differences in creative thinking based on the principal of motivation. This research examined the role motivation on creativity; The role of culture on creativity and the role motivation on creativity with regard to cultural differences. The current study was a qualitative reseach by Analytical –descriptive and interpretive -descriptive approach. The main theory focused on is Amablie''s. Amablie suggested three dimentions for creativity: domain relevant skills، creative relevant skills and task motivation. In Amablie theory task motivation is important، According to the principal of increasing internal and external motivation، the primary motivation، the type of external motivation and time influence on creativity. External motivation in collectivist societies، such as Iran is important، especially in the final stage of the creativity cycle. In other words، others and social agents are important to stop or continue the creativity. This analysis suggests that creativity is facilitated when external motivation is informative and the primary motivation is high and incentives are provided at the end of the creative process. Finally، although it can be said that creativity can can grow in any culture.

Back Ground and Cultural values are individual’s behaviors، insights and believes in each culture. Measuring cultural value requires valid cognitive tools that do not suffer from examinant and examiner bias. The purpose of present study is designing and validating an incidental measure for evaluating cultural value. In present cross sectional study، 308 individual with mean age 22. 68 years were evaluated with cognitive social dilemma and Husted''s cultural dimension questionnaire. Pearson correlation test and Chi Square were used for validation and gender difference evaluation. Dilemma of each value correlate with collectivity (P<0. 01)، muscularity (P<0. 05)، tolerance of ambiguity (P<0. 05) and power of distance (P<0. 01). Participants were collective، masculine، accepter of ambiguity and power of distance. Female significantly have higher long term orientation (P<0. 01). Cultural valence could be measure with social- cognitive dilemma. Social- cognitive dilemma that developed in present study is valid measure of cultural values.

The aim of this research is the study of the relationship between life style and social identity among youth. After reviewing local and international literature، while considering theories about cultural globalization (life style) and social identity، a theoretical framework regarding theories of Giddens was formulated. The method of this study was survey and its tool was questionnaire. Statistical society of the present research was the youth in Bandar Abbas (city in Iran). The sampling method used in this survey was multi-stage share random sampling. Sample size that was estimated according to Lin Table with 95 percent significance level and 4 percent error was 406. The double variable analysis in this research suggested that there was a significant relationship among the variables: religious life style، traditional musician life style، modern musician life style and focused on body life style with the dependent variable of social identity. Moreover، according to the multivariable regression results the variables of religious life style، modern musician life style، traditional musician life style، sporty life style and friendly life style Intimacy totally explained 62. 7 percent of the changes social identity.

In new social theories، space is a social product that all pillars of society is involved in it s production. Therefore، like other social products، power can be involved in its construction and administration and it can be said that space is the intersection point of power. Gender segregation in public spaces is one of the political technologies of power that aim to control and manage urban spaces. Following the ideas of Foucault، the main issue of this paper is resistance that is formed against power exercising through gender segregation of public spaces. In addition to Foucault، to illustrate the angels of power exercising through space، the theory of Henri Lefebvre was considered and finally to clarify the importance of gender، implicit in this issue، Judith Butler is referred. Qualitative research method and specifically observation and interview were used to answer the research questions. Here we study the lived experiences of 16 female students from public universities in Tehran. According to the findings، the implementation of disciplinary techniques of space at the level of universities has not created an obedient subject who merely consumes the space. But، a creative and active space consumer is formed that scramble to meet her demands in public spaces.

It goes without saying that the managerial experiences should be transmitted when a manager is replaced by another one. Yet، the transmission of managerial experiences in research and educational institutes is faced with problems and obstacles، recognizing which contributes to the development of policies and plans in this sphere. These obstacles have been identified using the lived experiences in management at different levels of university system in a period of around two decades، in different conditions of performance. By different conditions، three different states for accepting and transferring management are meant: evident competition (contradiction process)، evident friendship (cooperation process) and impartiality (separation process). Accepting and transferring managerial responsibilities under competitive conditions evoke feelings of victory and defeat which can act as an obstacle to transmitting managerial experiences. Under friendly conditions، a feeling of intimacy prevails which is accompanied by the transmission and application of managerial experiences. And under conditions of impartiality، a feeling of caution and conservatism emerges which associates the transmission and application of managerial experiences with other issues. An analysis of facts suggests that obstacles to the transmission of experience under competitive conditions are jealousy on the part of the previous managers and mistrust on the part of the new manager; under friendly conditions the obstacles include proposition from the previous manager and self-reliance on the part of the new manager; and under impartial conditions the main obstacle is lack of mutual understanding. However، the transmission of managerial experience is connected with other variables، to explain which the two variables of the status and the position of the manager are used here. Also، two important phenomena which play their part in all these conditions are “lack of organization of experiences”، rooted in the tradition of oral preservation of experiences، and “maintaining ambiguity”، which is a sign of capacity and competence and generates a kind self-confidence.

Although lifestyle is not a merely sociological term، it owes it conceptualization to a greater or lesser degree to the sociological studies conducted on this concept since the emergence of this discipline. The conceptualization of lifestyle as a research topic can be traced back to the classical period of this field in the 19th century. At that time، pioneers in the field of sociology، while explaining the difference between society and community، focused on the forms and models of human lifestyle in the new society. This term has recently attracted a lot of attention in different researches and studies in the academic sphere in Iran. Two questions are of importance here: can lifestyle be formulated in the Iranian society as a sociological issue، in the same sense as it was formulated in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in Europe? Have the sociological researches conducted so far been able to deal with their own formulation، according to the frameworks of the problematic quality of lifestyle in the Iranian society in all aspects of a research، such as problem statement، concepts، theories، methods and findings? To answer this question، eleven scientific research articles، written in Iran with sociological approaches to lifestyle، have been examined using textual analysis method. The present article aims to study the approaches of the sample articles from different aspects of research، in the light of a sociological attitude toward the concept of lifestyle.