فصلنامه پژوهش های نوین روانشناختی
پیاپی 10 (تابستان 1387)

The present investigation aimed at examining the effectiveness of communication skills (as a part of life skills) training on the student's problem solving styles. In this semiexperimental research, 60 Ss having psychological problems were selected and then randomly assigned into two experimental (30 Ss) and control (30 Ss) groups. In this study, Cassidey & Lang's problem solving scale was used and data were analyzedwith the help of one way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The findings revealed that communication skills training did have positive effect on Ss problem solving styles (p<0.001).

The relations between alexithymia, anxiety, depression, psychological distress, and psychological well-being were investigated in a sample of students. A correlational analysis was performed to assess the kind of association exist among alexithymia and its three components including difficulty identifying feelings, difficulty describing feelings, and externally oriented thinking with psychological well-being, psychological distress, axiety, and depression. Three hundred and six students (136 boys, 170 girls) from the University of Tehran were included in this study. All participants were asked to complete Farsi version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (FTAS-20), Mental Health Inventory (MHI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviations, multivariate analysis of variance, pearson's correlation coefficients and regression analysis. Alexithymia showed a significant negative association with psychological wellbeingas well as a significant positive association with psychological distress, anxiety, and depression. The results also revealed that total alexithymia and difficulty identifying feelings can predict changes of psychological vulnerability and psychological well-being. Externally oriented thinking could predict only changes of anxiety. It can beconcluded that alexithymia is associated with mental health, anxiety, and depression indices. Results and implications are discussed.

This research was performed with the aims of assessing of a schizophrenic patient group with negative and positive symptoms on the Bender-Gestalt and correlation of its scores with performance on WCST. For this purpose, 32 schizophrenic patients that were hospitalized in Razi Hospital and based on DSM-VI-TR criteria have diagnosed schizophrenic by hospital psychiatrists and psychologists were selected. The Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS)were carried out, and 14 patients had negative and 18 patients had positive symptoms. Bender and WCST were administrated for the sample. Bender was scored based on Hain criteria and WCST was scored based on five scales. The means of each criteria of Bender for tow group were obtain. Results indicated perseveration, distortion, rotation and overlapping for schizophrenic with negative and perseveration, rotation, distortion andsplitting for schizophrenic with positive symptoms were the first four errors. T-test results indicated that between two groups, the criteria of rotation (p<0.005) and shorting (p<0.05) have a significant difference. With other words, schizophrenic patient group with negative symptoms had more errors in these two criteria. Also, results of significant correlation testing indicated that there were significant correlation between the perseveration in Bender and perseveration in WCST and between concretization in Bender and the time of necessary for succeeds on the first category in WCST.

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the relation of religious attitude and perfectionism with obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD). To do so, 100 patients with OCD diagnosis that was selected by available sampling and 100 normal people that was matched with patients completed religious attitude questiounaire, perfectionismquestionunaire, and Moudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI). The data was analyzed by correlation coefficients,multiple regression,and multivariate analyses of variance-one way (MANOVA-1 way), indicated that there was significant difference between the two groups in the every three variables, that is OCD, perfectionism, and religious attitude (P<0/01); there was also significant relationship between OCD, perfectionism, and religious attitude (P<0/0001). The perfectionism predicted the higher percentage of OCD variance (%38) than religious attitude (%2). Generally, based on these results and previous studies, can declare that perfectionism and religious attitude are two predisposing factor for OCD.

The purpose of this study was to Study of effectiveness of Assignment-Process Method in the treatment of mathematical disability.The research was conducted according to experimental method using pre-test, post-test and control group design. Thesample consisted of 45 students(21 male, 24 female) from grade level 3 with mathematical disability in Javanrod city in1385-86 that were selected randomly.Subjects were divided to 3 groups(education with Assignment-Process method, educationwith Practice-Repetition and control group). Afterwards they were matched according to IQ, education’s parents and formal education.The ANOWAY Results of the difference of pretest and posttest indicate that there are meaningful differences between groups in Mathematical Concepts (p<0.001), Application (p<0.001) and Total number (p<0.001). The results show that Assignment-Process method has better function than control group and Exercise-Repetition group. The Exercise- Repetition group also had better function in Application(p<0.01) and Total number(p<0.001) than control group.

Many studies indicated that there is a positive relationship between experienced negative emotions, social inhibition and asthma disease. In present research, the relationship between anxiety, depression, anger and hostility, social inhibition and asthma disease in interaction with gender factor were investigated. For this purpose we selected 40asthma patients (20 males and 20 females) and 40 healthy subjects (20 males and 20 females).To collection of information about variables we used NEO personality inventory. The results showed that asthma patients and normal group were significantly different in fields of experienced negative emotion and social inhibition. Comparison of males and females with asthma disease has shown that women have more social inhibition and they show suppression of emotions. The results indicated that experience of negative emotions and social inhibition has an important role in asthma formation, aggravation andcontinuation. Gender differences just have a significant role in social inhibition so that can be as a risk factor for women. In general, not only experience of negative emotions is a risk factor for men and women but also suppression of negative emotions is an extra riskfactor for women's respiratory system safety.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of cooperative learning method on junior high school student's selfesteem, social skills and his academic performance in the course of psychology. The research population was junior high schoolincluding 99 male. Students two high school in the town (Mahneshan) were selected randomly as the research sample in which one class was considered as the experimental group and another one as the control group.The students were matched and then administration of the pretest was done. The treatments were introduced during the firs term-time followed by another test (the post test). The results were in the favor of the experimental group indicating that teaching through the cooperative Learning method has a positive effect on social skills and academic performance of the sample. However there was no effect of thetreatment on students self steem.