فصلنامه پژوهش های نوین روانشناختی
پیاپی 15 (پاییز 1388)

This research was conducted to study achievement goal profiles of deaf students in Tabriz exceptional high schools. 78 deaf students (48 male and 30 female) were selected through stratified random sampling method. The instruments including Academic Goal Orientation Questionnaire and Students’ Motivational Metacognitive Competencies Questionnaire were administered. Hierarchical cluster analysis method, discriminantanalysis were used to determine the optimal cluster structure of deaf students. The results revealed three profiles: (a) deaf students with low levels of achievement goals (b) deaf students with moderate levels of mastery - goal and approach - performanceorientation, (c) deaf students with multiple goals orientation. In addition, it was found that deaf students in the multiple goals orientation group reported the highest degree of meta cognitive competencies.

The main purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of QEEG- Guided Neurofeedback therapy in comparing with drug therapy in decreasing the symptoms ofobsessive-compulsive disorder. 12 patients were selected from «Atiyeh» institution in Tehran city then were assigned randomly in 3 situations including neurofeedback, drug therapy and waiting list. Patients were assessed using Padua Inventory. This inventorywas administered for all patients as pre- test and post- test in 10 weeks. The results of this research using kuruskal-Walliss statistic analysis indicated that there is a significant difference between therapeutic groups. Using U- Mann whitney indicated thatneurofeedback and drug therapy have the same effect on decreasing obsession and compulsion symptom. Generally, it can be concluded that neurofeedback can be used as a new therapeutic modality for obsessive- compulsive disorder.

Psychologists believed that there are relations among personality, criminal behaviors and dependency. The aim of this study was investigation of personality disorders related to criminal behaviors and dependency in addicted, nondependency prisoners and normal subjects. The method of this research was descriptive-comparative, in which 150 dependency prisoners, nondependency prisoners and normal subjects (50 in each groups) were matched by demographic characteristics and investigated by Millon ClinicalMultiaxial Inventory-II (MCMI-II). Analysis of variance indicated that in Schizoid scale there is difference between dependency prisoners with nondependency and with normal subjects. In Avoidance scale there is difference between dependency prisoners with normal subjects. In Hysterionic scale there are differences between nondependency prisoners with dependency and with normal subjects. In Narcissistic, Antisocial,Sadistic, Dependence,Passive-aggressive, Masochistic scales there are differences between dependency prisoners and nondependency prisoners with normal subjects.

In order to comparison of patients with paranoid, non-paranoid schizophrenia and normal individuals in recall and recognition memory performance, 14 patients with paranoid schizophrenia,14 patients with non paranoid schizophrenia and 14 normal participants with the male gender selected and computerized memory task were executed. Data analyzed by signal detection and ANOVA with repeated measures methods.Results indicated that there are significant differences between groups in general recalls. Patients with paranoid schizophrenia in comparison with non-paranoids recalled morethreat-related words than neutral words. Also, there is a significant difference between patients and normal participants in response sensitivity, but there are no significant differences in recognition bias among three groups although the high scores ofparanoids revealed more conservative style in performance.

Drawing is important instrument for increasing creativity and aptitude in children and can be useful tool for assessment of emotional-behavioral problems in children. This study was done to find if there is relation between drawing and emotionalbehavioral problems in preschool children. Research method was correlation study. 100 preschool children with 5 years old in Shiraz (50 girls, 50 boys) were selected randomly. Behavioralemotionalproblems questionnaire (SDQ) was used for collecting data from children’s trainers, and each child drew a manikin. Pearson correlation and Z fisher test used for analyzing data.Results showed that there is negative significant relationship between kind of drawing and emotional-behavioral problems. But differences ware not found between boys and girls. So, children’s drawings can reveal behavioral and emotional problems in children.

The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of cognitive- behavioral group therapy and exposure therapy on reduction of social anxiety disorder symptoms and also to compare the effect of these two therapeutic methods on reduction of general anxiety and depression in this disorder. In a pre-post test experimental design with control group, 24 students studying at B.S level in health school of Iran university of medical sciences with diagnosis of social anxiety disorder were selected by convenience sampling and then in a complete randomly method all of the subjects allocated to three groups of8- subject groups (cognitive- behavioral group therapy, exposure therapy, and waiting list control group). Twelve sessions of cognitive- behavioral group therapy and exposure therapy were carried out according to a standard manual of therapy, and waiting list control group did not receive any kind of treatment. Data were gathered through administration of Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), BECK Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and BeckDepression Inventory-II (BDI-II). For data analysis statistical methods such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and covariance were used. Findings indicated thatthere is no significant difference between cognitive- behavioral group therapy and exposure therapy in reduction of intensity on social anxiety disorder (P= 0.84). In addition, result indicated that both cognitive- behavioral group therapy and exposuretherapy reduced intensity of general anxiety in comparison with waiting list control group (P=0.002) significantly. Results also indicated that both of these therapeutic methods reduced intensity of depression in socially anxious subjects in comparison with waiting list control group (P=0.001 & P=0.01), significantly. Cognitive- behavioral group therapy and exposure therapy do not differ from each other considering their global efficacy in social anxiety disorder, and due to these therapy methods the general anxiety and depression will be reduced.

The objective of current study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Student's Evaluations of Educational Quality questionnaire. A total of 600 Iranian students of Semnan University participated in the study (294 men & 306 women).Participants completed a Persian version of the Student's Evaluations of Educational Quality questionnaire (PSEEQ; Marsh, 1977). Exploratory factor analysis, item-total correlation, and reliability analyses were undertaken to assess the psychometric properties of the PSEEQ. Exploratory factor analyses showed a seven-factor model for efficient faculties that included learning, enthusiasm, organization, group interaction, individual rapport, breadth & assignment. The factor model was different for inefficient faculties. The internal consistency of the PSEEQ was high (\=0.93 and \=0.95 for efficient andinefficient faculties, respectively). All of items could discriminate efficient and inefficient faculties. Applied implications of results were discussed.

According to recent addiction theories, attentional biases to drug related with stimuli have an important role in relapse and initiation of substance use. The aim of this study was assessment of consumption influence and leaving in attentional bias relatedwith opiate drug tempting stimulies. To do so, 30 opiate drug dependent men and 30 abstinent men were selected. Both groups were matched according to age, education and using substance, and assessed by “prob dot task”. Results, analyzed throughpearson correlation coefficient indicated that there is relationsship between consumption, leaving and attentional bias to drug related with stimuli; so that with increasing theconsumption, dependent peoples showed more attentional bias, on the contrary with increasing the leaving time the attentional bias reduces in independents. Also drug dependents in comparison with independents showed a short reaction time about 500 milliseconds in case of presented words, that is an attentional bias evidence in this peoples.

The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of neurofeedback training on decrement of symptoms in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and their quality of life. 16 patients suffering from GAD, referring to a psychiatric clinic in Tehran who met including criteria for this study were selected. 8 patients assigned to the neurofeedback group and 8 patients to the control group. Before to start therapy, all theparticipants were assessed by GAD-7 and PWI-A questionnaire to have their pre-test scores. Neurofeedback training group received 30 minutes training sessions per week, and no treatment intervention were applied for control group. Recordings for alphawave were done on Q1 and Q2 area and the patients were given sound feedback for passing threshold. To analyze the results, statistical descriptive as well as inferential methods (Wilcoxon - test Mann-Whitney U-test) were used. To go for some moredeep analysis of results other additional statistical methods such as, percentaile change, reliable change estimate / clinical significance, effect size were employed. Research findings were as follow: neurofeedback training to the neurofeedback groupled to the increment of alpha wave, and decrement of anxiety symptoms in this group. While no change were observed in control. While neurofeedback training improved anxietysymptoms in experimental group, but it did not change patients quality of life.