مجله پژوهش های سیاست اسلامی
پیاپی 11 (بهار و تابستان 1396)

Ayatollah Mutahhari was a philosopher in transcendental wisdom who after sometime entered the realm of politics and referred to the verses of the holy Quran, (History) an issue which has not been given attention in the evolution of his thought from theology to political philosophy and then to political theorizing! (Background) As a result, such a process and application of Quranic verses in it has remained vague! (Problem) Thus, the following question is raised: What is the role of the verses of the Quran in the evolution of the political thought of martyr Mutahhari? (Question) The authors believe that Mutahhari was a duty-oriented philosopher who passed the stages of theology and philosophy based on the needs of Iran’s society and based on the Quranic verses and reached (the theory of) Islamic government. (Hypothesis) The present article, with a historical attitude and using an analytic method (Methodology) aims at explaining the logical and fundamental stages of the evolution of the intellectual-political system of martyr Mutahhari. (Objective) The findings show that the evolution of the verses of the Quran in the political thought of professor Mutahhari has passed a three-stage process. This process started with political theology, then resulted in political philosophy and finally in political theorizing. Although there is not a clear demarcation line between these stages, such a logic in Mutahhari’s political thought can be defended. (Finding)

Good governance is among the theories which has rapidly gained the attention of developed and developing countries, (History) an issues whose compliance with the political thought of Shiite thinkers has not been investigated! (Background) Therefore, the criteria of good governance in the thought of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli has remained vague! (Problem) Thus, we face the following question: What are the criteria of good governance in the political thought of Javadi Amoli? (Question) The authors believe that the thought of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli enjoys the religious-Shiite capacity in dealing with contemporary political theories. (Hypothesis) The present research, using descriptive-analytical method (Methodology), seeks to achieve the criteria of religious (native) good governance from the viewpoint of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli. (Objective) The possibility of indigenizing the criteria of good governance based on religious teachings on the basis of political ideas of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli and modifying its western model are among the results of the present article; in other words, by believing that his ideas are raised from an inner-religious stance and under the discourse of Wilayat al-Faqih shows that the components of good governance have significant manifestations in a different language and in the form of Islamic terms like consultation, enjoining the good, forbidding the evil and the like in his political thought. (Finding)

Systematic approach to movements is a new political issue which requires deep and comprehensive conceptual development of identity. Movements have shown that by differentiating self and others, they have drawn the boundaries of their identity and have proved unique collective identity, (History) an issue which from the perspective of the effect of communication and information technology on the decrease of its spatial and locational distances, as the significant feature of globalization, has not been given considerable attention! (Background) Lack of clarity in the desired lifestyle based on preventive identity of religious uprising movements in confronting globalization is among the existing ambiguities! (Problem) As a result, the main question is that: In the present era, what are the method of identity formation in religious uprising movements and what kind of framework does that suggest for thinking, social behavior and political structure? (Question) Probably, the method of identity formation in religious uprising movements like the Muslim Brotherhood is realized based on the identity of resistance. (Hypothesis) The present article, using historical sociology method through documentary data collection (Methodology), seeks to shed light on it to identify how identity is defined in religious uprising movements in globalization era. (Objective) These movements rely on special identities, moral responsibility and partnership structures and the method of identity formation enjoys the capacity of moving from orthodoxy to contemplation (Intellectual foundations) from violence to reconciliation (behavioral methods) and from building power base to cultural interaction relations (political competence). (Finding)

In contemporary Iran, sociological study of political phenomena does not have a long history. (History) Such studies in Iran after the Islamic Revolution are also new! (Background) Thus, all aspects of the sociological effects of social groups like religious groups in national, provincial, and urban scales on the components of political participation of the Islamic Republic has not been investigated and still, the overall picture is that governmental agencies, not social groups, can do whatever they like! (Problem) Lack of explanation of the aforementioned effects raises the following question: What are the kinds, amounts and shares of the social effects of religious groups on political participation of the Islamic Republic? (Question) Religious groups, as nongovernmental social institutions, enjoy deep status and acceptance in the minds and hearts of the people and consequently have effective functions like delegitimization. (Hypothesis) The authors of the present article have tried to show the effects of religious groups on components like elections, and political demonstrations and speeches as the significant instances of political participation of the people by investigating the role of elements like age, gender, ethnicity and referent groups in religious groups (Methodology) and present a new categorization of the overt and covert functions of religious groups by generalizing the results of the investigation of Shahriar religious groups. (Objective) These investigations show that: sociological elements of religious groups have increasing role on the increase and decrease of political legitimacy of the Islamic Republic system. (Finding)

The history of the discourse of west-oriented intellectuals shows that it has been affected by the thought of modernity, a discourse which Imam Khomeini (R.A.) and after him the Supreme Leader have presented and stabilized a native (religious) alternative model by criticizing it, (History) an issue which has not been investigated through the perspective of deconstructing egocentrism of western thought! (Background) Whereas none of the discourses of modernity are able to answer the issues of Iranian society! (Problem) However, what could the alternative system be? (Question) By reviving Islamist discourse and deconstructing the west-oriented discourse, Imam Khomeini (R.A.) presented a unique reading of the universe, man and religion which can be mentioned in the form of a discourse which is neither rooted in western modernity nor influenced by the wave of postmodern relativism, and is not traditionalist or nostalgic, and stabilized its leadership in the form of religious democracy. This discourse is a discourse derived from Islamic-Iranian context which brings about a transcendental goal for the disheveled and depressed man in the modern era. (Hypothesis) The present article, using content analysis method in the framework of deconstruction as an analytical strategy (Methodology), seeks to draw the aforementioned discourse (Objective) to show that the ideal model of democratic political system is only definable and stable based on native and religious origins and values. (Finding)

Justice has always been given considerable attention by man, (History) however, he has investigated this issue more in the realm of theory not in the world of action and generally, not comparatively and only in micro level! (Background) Therefore, it is not surprising that a comparison of justice in the liberal and Islamic viewpoints based on the viewpoint of Ayatollah Khamenei in the Islamic-Iranian pattern of progress is not available! (Problem) Thus, the present article seeks to answer the following question: What are the positions and differences of justice in the Islamic-Iranian pattern of progress and the liberal patterns of development and in the form of the ideas of Ayatollah Khamenei? (Question) From our viewpoint, these differences are substantial and can be analyzed in nature, knowledge and methodological dimensions. (Hypothesis) The present article tries to identify the differences between the Islamic-Iranian pattern of progress and the liberal patterns of development regarding the issue of justice (Objective) by using descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods and by referring to reliable Islamic sources and the words of Ayatollah Khamenei. (Methodology) In liberal patterns, attention to worldly life results in ignoring the role of justice in development, justice in the Islamic-Iranian pattern of progress and in the form of the ideas of Ayatollah Khamenei means avoiding discrimination, and progress based on justice is regarded as laying the ground for reaching the pure life. (Finding)