فهرست مطالب
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
Volume:10 Issue: 3, Summer 2016
- تاریخ انتشار: 1395/07/20
- تعداد عناوین: 8
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Page 123The present study was conducted aiming at comparing the effectiveness of Olson Circumplex Model and Walsh Integrated Approach on marital resiliency and conflicts of couple. In this experimental procedure, from among all the couples who had referred to the counseling offices in district 3 of Tehran city in 2014 due to marital conflicts, 30 coupes eligible for the conditions intended by researcher were selected as samples through random replacement sampling method and were randomly placed in three groups, namely two test groups and one witness group. Then, both test groups were influenced by independent variables(Olson model and Walsh approach)within 8 sessions each for 90-120 minutes. Instruments used in this study included resilience scale(CD-RISC)and Marital Conflicts Questionnaire (MCQ)which were used within three stages, namely pretest, posttest and 3-month follow-up. Finally, the collected data was analyzed by using variance analysis test with repeated measurement. Results indicated a significant difference between average marks of test and control groups in marital resilience and conflicts as compared to control group; i.e., training of Olson Circumplex Model and Walsh Integrated Approach increased marital resilience and decreased marital conflicts between the couple and this is a durable effect over time. No significant difference was found in resilience between the two groups in comparing the effectiveness of two approaches which means that both studied methods had almost the same therapeutic effect on the couple''s resilience. But a significant different difference was found between the two groups in marital conflicts. Averages showed that Olson Circumplex Model enjoyed a higher effectiveness in reducing marital conflicts between the couples as compared to Walsh Integrated Approach.
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Pages 129-134IntroductionMindfulness plays an important role in improving psychological functions of chronic patients. Therefore the aim of this study was investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on symptoms of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress in patients with HIV/ AIDS.MethodThis was an experimental design with pre-test, post-test along with follow-up group. Using convenience sampling 30 HIV/ AIDS patients were selected. They were randomly assigned into two groups of experiment and control. The experimental group underwent mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy within two months. The scores of Beck Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) , Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R), were collected from the two groups in pre-test, post-test and in a two-month follow up. Data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance test.ResultsResults in the post-test and follow up indicated that MBSR in experimental group, significantly reduced symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (P˂0.05), anxiety (P˂0.05) and depression (P˂0.05) in HIV/ AIDS patients.ConclusionResults of this study revealed the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on psychological functions in patients with HIV. According to these results and the mechanism of its effectiveness, this therapy can have good therapeutic implications.Keywords: mindfulness based stress reduction, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, HIV-AIDS
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Pages 135-139IntroductionEating disorders and body-image disturbances are of the most prevalent and disabling clinical complications that adolescent girls and young women develop. From the causes which effectively contribute to body dissatisfaction and eating pathology, is considered to be internalization of thin-ideal. This study aims to determine the correlations between thin-ideal internalization and variables of appearance perfectionism, self-concept clarity and self-esteem. Next, it investigates the percentage that each variable predicts internalization of thin-ideal.MethodTo conduct the study, 477 high-school students from Tehran were recruited by method of cluster sampling. Next, they filled out Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Appearance Perfectionism Scale, Self-concept clarity scale as well as Sociocultural Attitudes towards Appearance Questionnaire-4. At last, collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient together with stepwise regression.ResultsFindings of the study showed that variables of self-esteem and self-concept clarity significantly correlated with thin-ideal internalization in a negative direction (pConclusionPersonal differences which get people vulnerable to thin-ideal internalization recently have come into use as useful measures to relieve the symptoms of eating disorders. In fact, such differences, not only enhance our understanding of eating and body-image disturbances, but also could bring us with alternative methods for prevention and treatment of respective disorders.Keywords: Appearance Perfectionism, Self-concept clarity, Self-esteem, Thin-ideal internalization