فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت ترافیک
پیاپی 43 (زمستان 1395)

Parking violations in two-lane urban roads are frequently observed in Iranian cities. Occupying bus stops by cars makes buses to stop in the adjacent lane for boarding and alighting. This common phenomenon causes a shock wave obliging the following cars to stand in a queue which incurs delay. In this paper, the impact of movement of bus on cars passing through two-lane roads has been investigated. The model presented in this paper depicts time delay sensitivity of vehicles in the queue versus the station demand. Analyzing field observations, this article concludes that the delay of passenger cars is directly proportional to the square delay time of getting on/off of passengers and demand of the station. Also increased demand in a station reduces getting/off time of passengers. Therefore, importance of manners of buses by bus drivers (stopping aptly at the station without obstructing other vehicles’ driveways), its impact on the traffic flow and subsequent delays are well observed. It seems that in addition to cultural training, law enforcement in these cases is beneficial. If monitoring and legislation is not practical in all stations simultaneously, observing high-capacity stations will be the first priority. Stations locating at junctions of high traffic flow will be the next important cases.

Some experts believe that empathy of traffic police with users can be effective in modifying and changing user behavior. Drivers expect that the traffic police see the occurrences from their point of view. Hence, this study is trying to find out some factors affecting empathy. The target population included all 4000 employees of Tehran's traffic police as well as unlimited number of traffic users. According to Morgan table, sample sizes are 351 and 385 for staff and users respectively. The present study is practical in terms of target and is descriptive in terms of method and data processing. In order to measure employee's psychological capital and staff empathy with users, Luthans standard questionnaire and Davis questionnaire were used respectively. The reliability of the questionnaire has been approved through Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.826 and 0.902 respectively). The results of Pearson correlation and linear regression showed that confidence and resiliency factors have no significant effect on empathy of Tehran traffic police with users. So, hopefulness and the sanguine have a significant effect on empathy. The one-sample t test showed that traffic police staff has an average-level empathy with the users. While binomial test showed that empathy of traffic users with traffic police is on high level.

Social robustness of societies depends on quality of respecting laws and norms. This parameter will develop socio-economic growth. In this study, social and sociological factors affecting the illegality in Amol (by Paykan pickup drivers) has been studied. The research method was a questionnaire survey and interviews with 130 drivers of Paykan pickup of this city to collect data. In this paper, using statistical-inference methods, regression analysis and SPSS software, the relationship between the independent variables including knowledge of the law, the public order and security, social anomie, individualism and family situation of illegality has been investigated. The results indicated that a significant correlation existed between these variables and illegality as well as social security; and discipline had the greatest impact on illegality. Also, based on normal and abnormal variables, Pearson and Spearman test have been used to investigate the correlation between sub-criteria of each of illegality. The overall correlation coefficient was 0.69 suggesting correlation between the sub-criteria.

The present study investigated the factors affecting Khorramabad citizen's willingness to utilize public transport system considering easy access to public transport. This research is a quantitative survey-based study. The study population consisted of all households in the city of Khorramabad consisting of 470642 people. The sample size was 400 people selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The questionnaire was designed to collect information by reviewing theoretical foundations and research conducted by the supervisor and other traffic experts. The results of independent samples t-test analysis showed that the low cost of public transport has a significant effect on the willingness of citizens to use it in Khorramabad. In relation to reducing urban traffic, punctuality and reliability, access to public transport had significant effect on willingness of citizens to use the public transport system. In conclusion, according to the research findings, it can be resulted that despite the low cost of public transport other factors subsuming reducing urban traffic, travel comfort, punctuality and level of access to public transport affect the willingness of Khorramabad citizens to capitalize on this system.

Parking facilities in urban road network is one of the important parts of transportation system. Due to the shortage of on-street parking in CBD of cities, constructing parking lots could be effective in providing enough space for parking demand. Limitation of the available lands for parking in one hand and necessity of parking utility in users’ view on the other hand, leads to the importance of proper locating of parking. Site selection for parking is affected by different factors overall evaluating of which is necessary in urban areas. Parking must be located in the vicinity of trip attraction centers and also should make the least negative effects on urban traffic system. Therefore for selecting a suitable site there must be a collection of factors. In this paper in the first step, the evaluating factors have been determined. For weighting the parameters we have used the results of questionnaires designed for this purpose. The questionnaires have been responded by traffic experts. By using AHP method every parameter was weighted. The results show that traffic parameters with weight of 36.1% are the most significant parameters among the others in the first level parameters. The next parameters in the second level include parking demand, concentration of travel attraction centers, land characteristics, and ownership cost with 51.6%, 35.6%, 34%, and 61.3% weights respectively.

This paper investigates the Impact of people’s supervision via SMS system on controlling bus drivers’ risky behaviors in Tehran-shiraz Axis. This will be important in enhancing safety management of public transport system. The research method is descriptive survey; statistical community is traffic control police experts and 1300Shiraz-Tehran bus passengers. Sample volume is 297 based on Morgan table and possible sampling method. Data gathering ts validity and reliability was approved through Cochrane equation with a factor of 0.901. The results of the research indicates that using such a system will bring benefits including reducing illegalities, preventing endangering passengers and becoming aware of potential crimes to the fore. It is suggested that the drivers become aware of the impact of their driving on reduction of accidents, costs, injuries, deaths as well as influence of people’s SMSs on their performance.

Undoubtedly, the staffs’ efficacy in any organization depends on effectiveness of the trainings they have received in educational courses, and hence, professional courses are very important. Bachelor of accidents course is one of the important courses in NAJA, and due to specificity of this course, its practical and academic education requires investigation. The traffic police officers are appointed in their working place at the end of this course, and they begin their operational activities practically. Multiplicity and complexity of their duties in the driving violations, investigation of the accident scenes, and employment of necessary measures to enforce traffic laws, and education of the public in this area lead to consideration of the efficacy of this professional course. In this regard, this research was conducted taking into account the whole population of 60 students of bachelor of accidents students in Eastern Azerbaijan province. This research is practical from the objective point of view and descriptive from the processing point of view. In order to study the efficacy of each lesson, the author-designed questionnaire was used. Also, the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed via Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.912). The descriptive statistics and t-test results showed that all the discussed professional lessons had required efficacy in terms of goals, content, teaching method and assessment. Also, the Freedman test results proved that the realization of the goals is in the first grade of effectiveness.