فهرست مطالب

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Volume:7 Issue: 2, Spring 2018

Iranian Journal of Oil & Gas Science and Technology
Volume:7 Issue: 2, Spring 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/03/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Hamid Rezaee *, Maria Hamidian Pages 1-13
    The present paper examines the effect of two effective factors, namely motivation and job satisfaction, on the effectiveness of on-the-job training (OJT) in the Iranian Oil Industry. Therefore, two main hypotheses and six submain hypotheses were defined and all were confirmed. The population of the study was composed of oil industry official employees. The sample of research was taken from the employees of three main companies of oil industry: petrochemical, oil refinery and distribution, and national Iranian oil company in the north, center, and south areas. It was taken by a simple random method with drawing lots. Its size was 171 people according to Morgan table and Cochran formula. Questionnaires developed by the researchers formed the data collection tool. The hypotheses were examined, and the data were analyzed by multiple regression tests. The results showed significant relationship of job satisfactions and staff motivation with OJT courses. Stronger dependency was found between motivations and job satisfaction variables with the effectiveness of attitude training courses.
    Keywords: Motivation, Job Satisfaction, On, the, job Training, Oil Industry
  • Azadeh Mamghaderi, Behzad Rostami *, Seyed Hamed Tabatabaie Pages 14-34
    In this study, direct laboratory measurements of unsteady-state imbibition test are used in a new approach to obtain relative permeability curves with no predetermined functionality assumptions. Four equations of continuity, Darcy’s law, cumulative oil production, and water fractional flow are employed in combination together under certain assumptions to present the new approach which interprets these data. We assumed that capillary pressure was previously measured and used as the input data in the method. The main difference between this work and previous unsteady-state methods is to replace the saturation profile, needed to obtain relative permeability curves, with a new saturation-dependent graph which can be measured from recovery data rather than being recorded directly during experiments. The method is demonstrated by employing recovery data from the literature, and it is then verified by a numerical simulator. The results show that the accuracy of the proposed method is comparable with accurate complex methods. Performing sensitivity analysis indicates that the proposed method can achieve more accurate results when applied to cases with a relatively high capillary number and/or low water-oil mobility ratio and when applied to media having uniformly sized pores.
    Keywords: Relative Permeability, Waterflooding, Analytical Methods, Saturation Profile, Two, phase Flow
  • Ali Daghaieghi *, Nima Mokhtarzadeh Pages 35-51
    Drilling industry and its technical services are among the complex and advanced technology-based industries in the cycle of oil exploration and production. In this regard, the logging services role as one of the pillars of technical services is very important due to technological complexity and the importance of the results in the evaluation of oil and gas reservoirs. The complexity had caused small and medium companies in Iran not to be able to produce logging equipment by themselves due to financial and scientific constraints. Through the review of the articles and books written on this subject, this research has studied the factors affecting success in technology acquisition and then has categorized them in five dimensions as technological, technical, market, strategic, and financial factors. Next, through exploratory interviews with experts and theme analysis, the factors having the greatest impact on the acquisition of logging equipment technology have been identified and their opinion on various proposed methods in scientific resources for the acquisition of technology have been obtained. Several published methods have been reviewed; during interviews, some major effective characteristics were introduced by the experts, which could not satisfy existing methods or some principal dimensions were ignored. The results of the research and the case study of National Iranian Drilling Company show that the managed innovation network is the most appropriate method for the acquisition of the above mentioned technology for the National Iranian Drilling Company.
    Keywords: technology, Technology Acquisition, Logging Industry, Thematic Analysis, National Iranian Drilling Company
  • Farhad Asgharyan, Mohammadreza Khosravi Nikou *, Bagher Anvaripour, Iman Danaee * Pages 52-63
    The present study is about the reduction of humic acids (HA) by electrocoagulation (EC) method. Undesirable color, odor, taste, reacting with chlorine to produce toxic materials in water, and making a complex with heavy metal ions are some unfavorable environmental consequences of HA. Platinum and graphite as anode electrodes and platinum, titanium, and aluminum as cathode electrodes were used for this purpose. Also, solutions consisting of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), as the electrolyte support, and humic acids at a concentration of 30 mg.l-1 were used in the reduction tests. We investigated the best condition for pollutant removal at pH values of 3, 5, and 7 and voltages of 5, 10, and 18. The samples were taken during the electrolysis and were analyzed by the pH meter and UV-visible spectrophotometer. Moreover, the oxidation phenomena on anodes surface were studied by cyclic voltammetry tests. The results confirm that the Gr/Al electrodes by coagulation phenomena shows the best performance in the elimination of HA at an electrolyte support concentration of 0.02 molar after approximately 23 min at a pH of 7 and a voltage equal to 10 V.
    Keywords: Humic Acid (HAs), Eelectrocoagulation, Absorption
  • Abdolah Golkari, Masoud Riazi *, Amin Avazpour Pages 64-78
    To provide supplementary oil recovery after the primary and secondary processes, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques are introduced. Carbonated water injection (CWI) as an EOR method can improve sweep efficiency and the risk of gas leakage. On the other hand, the interfacial tension (IFT) is one of the key factors which can affect fluid displacement during the process of CWI greatly. Therefore, the analysis of the IFT on an oil-carbonated water-CO2 system is vital. In this paper, the interfacial interactions of binary systems of asphaltenic crude oil (ACO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbonated water (CW) at different pressures and at two temperatures of 40 °C and 50 °C and their effects on the oil spreading in the water phase in the presence of gas are experimentally investigated. The IFT measurements were performed by axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA) technique for the pendant/rising oil drop case. It is found out that the equilibrium interfacial tension (EIFT) of the two systems of crude oil-CO2 and water-CO2 is reduced almost linearly with pressure but increased with temperature. Moreover, the pressure has an increasing and decreasing effect on the water-oil and CW-oil IFT’s respectively. However, temperature has a reverse effect for the both systems. Spreading coefficient (SC) concept would help better understand the oil recovery mechanisms and potential. The results show that SC curve has a minimum point value as a specific pressure, which increases with temperature. The presence of CO2 in the water phase could strongly affect the oil spreading phenomenon through which oil recovery could be significantly enhanced.
    Keywords: Interfacial Tension (IFT), Oil Spreading Coefficient (SC), Carbonated Water (CW) Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis (ADSA) Technique, Iranian Asphaltenic Oil Reservoir
  • Mahnaz Pourkhalil *, Saeideh Tasharrofi Pages 79-90
    Cobalt oxide catalysts supported on oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) for the low-temperature catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide were prepared by an impregnation-ultrasound method. These catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, TEM, XRD, Raman, and H2-TPR methods. The XRD and Raman results indicated that the phase of the synthesized cobalt oxide was in the Co3O4 form. The effects of cobalt oxide loading and reaction temperature were studied on the catalytic oxidation conversion of carbon monoxide. The TEM image of the best catalyst (14 wt.% metal oxide loading) revealed a good dispersion of Co3O4 over the surface of the support with an average particle size of 11-16 nm. Under the reaction conditions of T= 200-250 °C, P=1 bar, CO = 600 ppm, O2 = 5 vol.%, GHSV = 30,000 hr.−1, and Co3O4= 14 wt.%, CO conversion was 91%.
    Keywords: Co3O4, Oxidized Multi, walled Carbon Nanotubes, Carbon Monoxide, Oxidation