نشریه مطالعات اخلاق کاربردی
سال ششم شماره 23 (پاییز 1395)

The prophetic saying: «Çááåã ÅäãÇ ÃäÇ ÈÔÑ ÃÛÖÈ ßãÇ íÛÖÈ ÇáÈÔÑÑ Ã ÃÖóÑ ßãÑÇ íÑóÑ ÇáÈÔÑ Ýãä áÚäÊå ãä ÃÍÑÏ ãÑä ÃãÊÑ ÝÇÌÚáåÑÇ áÑå ÒßÑÇ Ã ÖÍãÑ» has been mentioned in Sunni books as one of the prayers said by the prophet. Some of the terms used in this prayer have been reported in various forms. But the originality of the saying has been adopted by all scholars. This saying has served as the basis for the Sunnis’ method in studying ethics, prophethood, authority and anthropology. It should be investigated that whether this saying is authentic or it has been changed by the Hadith forgers due to various reasons. Given the prophet’s explicit warning about the Hadith forgery and the possibility of attributing false speeches to the prophet, this essay tries to inspect the authenticity of this Hadith from the two aspects of its content and isnad and will try to evaluate the Hadith by comparing it with other Hadiths and Quran. It seems that the first part of the Hadith is original and valid, but the second part which says: «Ýãä áÚäÊå ãä ÃÍÏ ãä ÃãÊ ÝÇÌÚáåÑÇ áÑå ÒßÑÇ Ã ÖÍãÑ» is gorged and has been fabricated for the purpose of purifying some of the Companions.

One of the ontological issues discussed in the philosophy of Ethics is the question about the structures of ethical propositions. That means, it is discussed about whether the sentence like : “telling the truth is good.” is declarative or exclamatory. Does human being discover the goodness of telling the truth or he makes it good? The present study, investigating the Avicenna’s works using a descriptive-analytic method, proves that, based on some of his ideas like the the dependence of moral rules on Shariah and the popularity of ethical propositions, he supported the idea that man is the one creating ethical propositions. However, some of his other opinions such as: placing the title of ethics in the category of philosophy and also believing in the arguablity of ethical propositions, prove that he supported the nonobjectivity of ethical propositions. Based on all his opinions, one can conclude that his arguments supporting the objectivity of ethical propositions are stronger.

The aim of this study is to determine the elements of the curriculum based on Mafatih Al-Hayat Ayatollah by Javadi Amoli. This research was conducted using qualitative approach with descriptive-analytic method and by using the available resources tries to describe and analyze the elements of the curriculum in Mafatih's Al-Hayat. In this regard, according to the definitions of the elements of the curriculum, the four elements of the objectives, content, methods and evaluation as fundamental components of curriculum development were selected. Then the book Mafatih al-Hayat was reviewd in order to identify the subjects which can be applied in curriculum implementation, from the book which is full of Islamic concepts. The research results showed that the important goals which should be considered in education, includ the goals of cognitive, social, political, economic, biological, ethical and thelogical ones. These goals can be achieved through the teaching of religious subjects, such as Quran, Hadith, Fiqh, religious poetry, social skills, religious laws, craft, sport and healthy recreation, physical and mental health and environmental health. Also, the notions such as reflection, scientific dialogue, discussion, forming academic institutions, consulting and tourism are emphatically used as teaching methods. Finally, the fourth important element, namely the evaluation component, focuses on leniency and tolerance and avoiding a crackdown on learners.

The goal of this study is to study the relationship between moral virtues and educational status of students of ninth grade in the city of Khoramabad. Accordingly, 350 people (175 male and 175 female students) were selected by multistage cluster sampling among high school students in first grade in the city of Khorramabad . The selected students were asked to complet Manavipour moral development (2012) and Swanson and Hill moral behavior (1993) questionnaires. The educational status of students based on their semester average was measured. The data was analyzed using correlation and regression. Results showed that there is a significant correlation between the moral virtues and educational status and a negative correlation between moral development and educational status. Also, educational status wasn’t good predictor for student's moral behavior. Accordingly, we can say that it is nessecery to teach moral virtues and pay attention to their development in teenage time so that the consequences in terms of academic progress appear in them. But do not rely solely on the educational status of students in moral development.

Professional Ethics is a subject that had been addressed throughout the history, but its importance has increased in recent centuries. While entering the third millennium it can be easily said that the professional ethic is an important issue in the sociology of work and career. Organizational and behavioral sciences, including the psychology and the social sciences, which include sociology of work and professions, have analyzed various aspects of the work ethic. In line with social analysis, the main questions of this study are: 1.What is the nature and extent of its four components available in work ethic among employees of governmental departments? 2.What are organizational and social precedences? That is, what are the influencing factors affecting professional ethics? 3.What are the consequences of ethics? That is the professional and organizational effects of work? The precedences or the factors affecting the work ethic, include seven social and organizational variables: gender, age, marital status, education level, type of organization, type of employment and job experience. Also, the four organizational and occupational variables, namely job satisfaction, organizational commitment, motivation and dismotivation to work are considered as the consequences,. In this study to evaluate the subject of job work ethic the questionnaire Petit et al. (1991), which consists of four components, has been used.The results showed that none of the seven social, organizational variables affected the workers in the governmental organizations of the city of Najafabad. The significant relationship of professional ethics with four variables of work or organizational consequences indicates that the work ethic causes to increase motivation and job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and also can lead to the reduction of alienation from work. Research models using path analysis test result, indicates that job satisfaction and organizational commitment and work ethic through alienation of labor, have affected the motivation of the employees.

As teachers observing professional ethics have an important role in improving the students’ performance, adherence to the principles and values of professional ethics and because this role is more important in faculty members who are responsible for administration and training of the university students, this study aims to evaluate the characteristics of teaching professional ethics from students’ view point of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. In this cross-sectional study, the level of Professional Ethics of the Faculty Members in Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman has been measured from the perspective of the students. The data were collected from the questionnaire tool and the content validity was confirmed by academic specialists and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.94 and selected 176 for students and was conducted by random sampling method. The results imply that the components of accountability and adornment and discipline are the highest average. The evaluation of male and female students and their commitment to professional ethics faculty aware of significant differences. It seems that the faculty members of the department of educational sciences in comparison with other disciplines would observe the principles of professional ethics more that's because they are more familiar with the concepts of moral and psychological training.

This study was conducted to assess student's religious attitudes. The study followed the descriptive survey research of cross-sectional type and its population included Khorramabad Azad University students in 1392 to 1393 which covered 13 thousand students out of whom 145 students were selected through stratified random way. The data for this study was collected through the implementation of Serajzadeh standard questionnaire with 26 questions which covered the whole five-level Likert scale. Its validity was confirmed by the experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated through the coefficient Cronbach's alpha 0/81. The results showed that the average level of religious attitudes of students at the University of Khorramabad, is more than the average 3. The highest mean is for the component of theological attitude which is the 47/4. Also, there is no significant difference between the religious attitudes of students and their average scores in different educational degrees at Azad University, but in terms of gender the different was significant.

This fundamental research aims to understand the relationship between religiosity and mental health in the city Saghez. Given the fact that our society is a religious one and the cognition of religiosity and its relation with different aspects of life including mental health has pathological importance, this study can be of great help to the young people. The tools used in this study are: Religiosity questionnaire and mental health questionnaire. The data in this study was analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and other methods. Statistical methods showed that there is a relationship between the predictor variables and the criterion used. Also, results showed that there are significant relationships between religiosity and mental disorders. In addition, the results showed that faithfulness and religious ritual, have the most important role in determining mental disorders.

The present study was done for the purpose of Comparing Spiritual Intelligence of Elite and Regular Athlete Atudents with Non-athlete Students of High Schools in the Iranian province of Qazvin. The statistical population of this study includes all the male high school students of Qazvin province. For this purpose, 30 elite athletes and 30 regular athletes, and 30 non-athletes were selected from 1645 students at first grade, second and third grades, all of whom were studying in the academic year of 1393-1394. Regular athletes and non-athletes were selected by simple random sampling while the elite ones were chosen by convenience sampling. Also, the standard spiritual intelligence questionnaire was used to collect data. The results of this research using descriptive statistics and statistical methods ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test for independent groups, were obtained. The results showed that there is a significant difference between spiritual intelligence of ordinary athletes, non-athletes and elite athletes of high school students (05 / 0≥p). Also, there is a significant difference in the subscales of spiritual intelligence, including: understanding and having connection with fountainhead of Creation and experiencing a spiritual life by relying on interior core among the three mentioned groups of students (05 / 0≥p). Overall, the study showed that spiritual Intelligence and its components in elite athlete students is better than regular athlete students and non-athlete ones, thus confirming the impact of physical activity and heroism on spiritual intelligence.