مجله دراسات فی العلوم الانسانیه
سال بیست و سوم شماره 2 (شتاء 1439)

In this paper, the role and scope of reason in the interpretation of religious orders in the view of Professor alcohol, Vahid Behbahani investigated. Though religious orders in both worship and banned transactions knows, but for wisdom in understanding the rules is to make an important role in transactions. Unlike their Akhbaris, rational inference Sharia law is based on multiple grounds and elsewhere in the jurisprudence cited. "Good and Evil rational and essential actions, " "non-issuance of an act of obscene Hakim", "bad Mrjvh prefer the preferable", "bad obligation unaware, ignorant and insane", "bad time delay expression of need", "The most important priority the important position of conflict », « the necessity of probable and suspected losses ", " bad attention to the current task impossible, "" the necessity of certain innocence in the case of certain jobs, '' said Bella Eagle evil ", " the Accompaniment between reason and Sharia ", " priority rule to the letter. "He cited the rational rules.
In addition to the above rational rules, from the perspective of reason in the following areas Behbahani and understood the role: "The discovery of religious orders", "Development and restrictions judgments" and "recognition issues to a large extent as a result of transactions and precepts"

Religious scientists opinion about the numbers meaning in Quran is different. Some of them including Shahab-o-ddin Ebne Edris reject that the numbers shall go out of their main original meaning and shall be applied in their virtual meaning and some others agree that some numbers like seven, seventy, and thousands are indicative of figurative meanings and say about them: the meaning of these numbers is to exaggerate and express the plurality and not quantity determination.
In this research, we tried to support the second theory and say about figurative and allusive meaning of some cardinal numbers which are applied in Quran in the meaning of exaggeration and expression of plurality. Hence, we searched its various evidences and then we found that some verses which the numbers seven, ten, seventy, seven hundred, thousand and fifty thousand are applied in, the intention of them is not the real meaning of those numbers, but the intention is to express the plurality and exaggeration, because if the intention (of these numbers) is their real meaning, some contradiction will be seen in some of them. In this study, we dealt with studying these numbers in Quran verses relying on descriptive-analytical method.

The present research aimed to examine the arguments and persuasion in the poems attributed to Imam Husseins:Therefore his word started to speak of the literal and idiomatic meaning of persuasion and has become increasingly important to discussion and study of reasoning and persuasion in poems and its performance. It also to been studied main issues , In which attempts to accompany the audience with the speaker and change their attitude towards the subject.
At the end of the research also are discussed the new results, that reached it through analysis and processing poems and all of these results is that the positive and negative arguments constitute the original cornerstone of the argumentative texts of the poems in which publish his thoughts about the world and the Hereafter among all human beings. So that absolute truth knows only in grabing to the straight path and to put religious and ideological issues of the main base of argumentative styles to convince the audience what it wants and the confirmed reasons of the legitimacy of Ahl al-Bayt (AS) included in the argumentative structure of his poems.
In this research to explain the style and analysis of poems based on its has been used the descriptive and analytical method.

Persian Sea and Persian Gulf have a historical and geographical background that Arabic sources approve their originality since long time ago so that the Muslim writers, Arabs and non-Arabs, repeatedly mentioned these names in their works including historical, geographical and interpretative works and literary sources. In this study, we have tried to search and extract the usage of the terms “Persian Sea” and “Persian Gulf” in dictionaries and Arabic literary books from the second century to the twelfth century (10 centuries). Our research method is a descriptive-historical method and the statistics are presented if necessary. Arabic dictionaries and literary books beside the other Arabic sources such as Geographical, historical and interpretative sources approve the originality and antiquity of the terms “Persian Sea” and “Persian Gulf”.

History of the Caliphs (11-40 AH) which is known among Sunni as "Rightly Guided Caliphs", is one of the most important Islamic periods. This period as the first experience of theocracy after the prophet was noteworthy to scholars and historians. Each of them according to their denomination expressed the events of this period and its analysis in which studying their works leads to a better understanding of this period and also to the various and different approaches. Given that the history of Tabari is an important source of Islamic history and on the other hand, Ibn ‘Uqdah, is one of the Zaydi scholars, this paper examine the history of the caliphs with an emphasis on remaining traditions of Ibn ‘Uqda and comparing them with the history of Tabari based on narrative- historical approach and library search method. After a critical analysis of the validity of the narrative- historical documents of Ibn ‘Uqdah and Tabari the result shows that the viewpoints of Tabari and Ibn ‘Uqdah are different in reflecting the history of Caliphs and significant characters. While Tabari, in explaining the events of this period, benefited from the personality of three caliphs and refused reflection of some reports related to blame of the caliphs and some of their associated characters but Ibn ‘Uqdah tried to reduce the status of the Caliphs and reflect a kind of reports blaming the caliphs and their related figures.

Sheikh Najmeddin Razi and most of mystics in early times of Islam have described the concept of epiphany in the field of Islamic Mysticism.From the viewpoint of Sheikh Najmeddin Razi,epiphany is the beginning of the Creator and Nurturer's Beauty shining in the wayfarer's heart and it is achieved when the wayfarer's heart is pure from darkness and what is other than the Plane of Reality and turned into His mirror image.Mohyeddin Ibn Arabi,whit special attention to Sheikh Najmeddin's description and the grades which he has given about epiphany,almost narrates them completely in the book "Tohfat Olsafar Ela HazratOl Barrah".But description's defect in theoretical grades makes the founder of theoretical mysticism to create and offer new concept and more modern grades from epiphany in his the most comprehensive works on the books"fotouhat Makieh and Fosous Al Hikam" based on theoretical mysticism.The base of the Great Sheikh's statements about epiphany's concept is that Divine Epiphany cause to manifestation of Immutable Archetypes in knowledge,the being and its orders in out of it.Ebn Arabi based on this statement begins to express various Grades of Disclosure and offer specific principle for its concept in theoretical mysticism. The main issue in this essay is to clarify Sheikh Najmeddin Razi's viewpoint and following other mystics in early times of Islam about Visible Manifestation(epiphany's concept and its visionary aspect)and express its shortcoming in theoretical mysticism; besides is to clarify Ibn Arabi's viewpoint about Existential Manifestation (being aspect of epiphany)and express its grades in both category.

The question of the purity or impurity of non-Muslims has always attracted the attention of the Islamic Jurists. The importance of this question has been due to the fact that the social and political interactions between Muslims and non-Muslims were quite inevitable. The present article is concerned first to examine the notion of purity and impurity as viewed by the Sunni and Shiite jurists and then decide what they think of the purity or impurity of non-Muslims. It will finally criticize the views of some of the jurists.