فهرست مطالب

Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research - Volume:8 Issue: 4, Dec 2016

Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research
Volume:8 Issue: 4, Dec 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/11/07
  • تعداد عناوین: 10
|
  • Safa Gode*, Timucin Aksu, Aylin Demirel, Murat Sunbul, Mehmet Gul, Ihsan Bakir., Mehmet Yeniterzi Pages 140-146
    Introduction
    Various factors may be responsible for the development of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. In our study, we demonstrated the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the development of POAF.
    Methods
    In this prospective case control study, patients undergoing elective, isolated CABG were considered. A total of 15 patients (16.6%) who developed POAF during the first five days after surgery made up the POAF group. Seventy-five patients that had a sinus rhythm in the same period were the non-POAF group. The two groups were compared statistically in terms of laboratory, clinical, echocardiographic, operative, and postoperative parameters.
    Results
    All patients were in sinus rhythm at discharge. The baseline characteristics of the study groups were comparable. The POAF group had a lower vitamin D level than the non-POAF group (9.0 ± 5.0 and 15.0 ± 8.4 ng/mL, respectively; P = 0.007). In the POAF group, the patients’ left atrium diameter and incidence of hypertension (HT) were higher than those of the non-POAF group.
    Conclusion
    Incidence of POAF was significantly higher in patients with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency than the patients with vitamin D level in normal range. Therefore vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency may be a predictor of POAF in patients with CABG.
    Keywords: Vitamin D, Atrial Fiibrillation, Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
  • Maryam Soleimanpour, Farzad Rahmani, Alireza Ala, Hamid Reza Morteza Bagi, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Samad Ej Golzari, Fatemeh Zahmatyar, Robab Mehdizadeh Esfanjani, Hassan Soleimanpour* Pages 147-151
    Introduction
    Bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilation is the first and important part of the airway management. The aim of present study was to evaluate the quality of four different BVM ventilation techniques – E-C, Thenar Eminence, Thenar Eminence (Dominant hand)-E-C (Non dominant hand), and Thenar Eminence (Non dominant hand)-E-C (Dominant hand) – among two novice and experienced groups.
    Methods
    In a case-control and mannequin based study that was conducted in Tabriz University of medical sciences, 120 volunteers were recruited and divided into two groups. 60 participants in experienced and other 60 as novice group who observed BVM ventilation but hadn’t practical experience about BVM ventilation. Every participant in both groups performed 4 BVM ventilation techniques under the supervision of an experienced assessor. Quality of mannequin chest expansion was recorded by two other experienced assessors who were blind to ventilation process. The data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0.
    Results
    In novice group, when evaluating each technique performance, they did Thenar Eminence (non-dominant hand) - E-C (dominant hand) technique much better than the others (P
    Conclusion
    Novice participants did Thenar Eminence (non-dominant hand) - E-C (dominant hand) technique better than the others. Therefore, it is recommended that training of this technique was placed in educational program of medical students.
    Keywords: Bag-Valve-Mask Ventilation, Airway Manageme, Two Hand BVM Ventilation
  • Arsalan Salari, Tolou Hasandokht*, Marjan Mahdavi, Roshan, Jalal Kheirkhah, Mahboueh Gholipour, Mahsa Pouradollah Tootkaoni Pages 152-157
    Introduction
    Inadequate adherence to medication and follow up visits were proposed correlated with cardiovascular mortality and complications. This study was planned to evaluate medication and follow up adherence and risk factor control in patients with coronary artery disease 5 years after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
    Methods
    In this retrospective cohort study, adult patients who underwent CABG in 2010 were enrolled. Conventional and probable risk factor control and adherence to medication and follow up visits were assessed.
    Results
    196 patients were recruited to the study. Uncontrolled blood pressure, blood glucose and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)were reported in 48%, 61% and 32% of patients, respectively. More than 63% of former smokers restarted smoking during 6-12 months after bypass. Poor medication adherence was present in 10.7% in the study population. The last follow up visit time for 30% of patients was later than 12 months after CABG.
    Conclusion
    Poor risk factors control and adherence to follow up visits was common among patients undergoing CABG.
    Keywords: Medication Adherence, Risk Factor Control, Smoking, Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Sur
  • Mohammad, Hossein Biglu, Mostafa Ghavami*, Sahar Biglu Pages 158-163
    Introduction
    Heart disease or cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a kind of illness that involve heart and/or blood vessels of people throughout the world. The major aim of current study was to show the trend of global scientific activities in the field of CVD during a period of 10 years through 2001-2010.
    Methods
    A scientometrics analysis was carried out to show the world wide activities towards scientific production in the field of CVD during a period of 10 years. Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) was used to extract all documents indexed as a topic of CVD throughout 2001-2010.
    Results
    Analysis of data showed that the number of publications in the field of cardiovascular has increased steadily. The number of publication indexed in SCI-E in 2010 was three times greater than in 2001. It reached from 5080 documents in 2001 into 15,584 documents in 2010. English consisting 95% of total publication was the most dominant language of publications. Based on Bradford scatterings law the journal of Circulation was the most prolific journal among core journals. The USA sharing 29.5% of world’s profiles in the field was the most productive country Harvard University was the most productive Institution followed by Brigham Women’s Hospital.
    Conclusion
    The vast majority of scientific publication in the field of CVD was produced by authors from North America and Western Europe. The results of study concluded that research activities in the field of CVD have become an interesting subject area of scientists during years 2001-2010.
    Keywords: Heart Disease, Cardiovascular Disease, Scientometrics, SCI-E
  • Amir Rashidlamir*, Seyyed Reza Attarzadeh Hosseini, Keyvan Hejazi, Seyyed Mohammad Motevalli Anberani Pages 164-169
    Introduction
    The clinical studies have shown that the myostatin gene expression and its serum density occur more frequently in heart patients than in healthy individuals. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of 8-week resistance and aerobic exercise on the myostatin and follistatin gene expression of myocardium muscle of healthy male Wistar rats.
    Methods
    In this experimental study, 20 five-week-old adult Wistar rats (250 ± 26.5 g) were divided into three groups: healthy control group (n = 6), resistance exercise group (n = 7), and aerobic exercise group (n = 7). The resistance and aerobic exercise plan consisted of 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. The resistance exercise group performed climbing a one-meter 26-stair ladder with a slope of 85 degrees for 3 sets of 5 repetitions per session. The aerobic exercise group performed running at a speed of 12 meters per minute for 30 minutes during the first sessions gradually increasing up to a speed of 30 meters per minute for 60 minutes during the final sessions (equivalent to 70% to 80% of maximum oxygen consumption). The differences between the groups were evaluated using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. When appropriate, LSD post-hoc test was used. The significance level for the study was less than 0.05.
    Results
    The results of this study shows that after 8 weeks of exercise, there is no significant difference between myostatin mRNA gene expression levels of the heart muscle among the three groups of control, resistance exercise, and aerobic exercise (P = 0.172, F = 1.953). However, the mean differences between follistatin mRNA levels of the heart muscle among the three groups of control, resistance exercise, and aerobic exercise are statistically significant (F = 38.022, P = 0.001). Furthermore, the ratio of follistatin to myostatin mRNA gene expression of the heart muscle (P = 0.001, F = 10.288) shows significant difference among the three groups.
    Conclusion
    Our results indicate that the resistance and aerobic exercise could cause a decrease in myostatin and an increase in follistatin levels, thus preventing many muscular physiological disorders such as arthritis and muscle weakness.
    Keywords: Myostatin Gene Expression, Follistatin, Resistance Exercise, Aerobic Exercise, Myocardium Muscle
  • Maryam Mobini Bidgoli, Mohsen Taghadosi*, Hamidreza Gilasi, Alireza Farokhian Pages 170-175
    Introduction
    Anxiety is among the most common problems experienced by coronary angiography (CA) candidates. Different modalities are used to manage anxiety. This study sought to examine the effects of a pranayama exercise on CA candidates’ anxiety.
    Methods
    This double-blind randomized controlled trial was undertaken in 2015 on 80 eligible patients. The patients were randomly allocated to a control and an experimental group. Before undergoing angiography, patients in the experimental group performed sukha pranayama exercises. They were trained to breathe slowly and rhythmically at a rate of ten breathing per minute for five consecutive minutes. Patients in the control group only received routine pre-angiography care. Data collection tools were a demographic questionnaire and the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory. The level of patients’ anxiety in both groups was measured before, half an hour after, and one hour after the intervention. The data were analyzed through doing the independent-sample t and the chi-square tests.
    Results
    Before the intervention, the mean of anxiety score in the experimental group was 53.37, which significantly decreased to 40.75 after the intervention (P = 0.0001). In the control group, the mean of anxiety score decreased from 54.27 to 51.4. This decrease was not statistically significant. Moreover, between-group comparisons revealed significant differences between the groups regarding between-measurement mean differences of anxiety score (P
    Conclusion
    Sukha pranayama is effective in alleviating CA candidates’ anxiety.
    Keywords: Coronary Angiography, Sukha Pranayama, Anxiety
  • Samad Ghaffari, Leili Pourafkari, Arezou Tajlil, Mohammad Hasan Sahebihagh, Asghar Mohammadpoorasl, Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi, Nader D. Nader, Akbar Azizi Zeinalhajlou* Pages 176-182
    Introduction
    Adequate treatment of hypertension is infrequent in older patients. Determining the prevalence of hypertension in older patients, identifying the pattern of the treatment in this age group and evaluating their awareness of the disease may help healthcare systems to devise appropriate programs for controlling the disease.
    Methods
    This descriptive cross sectional study included a sample from population of Tabriz, a large city in North-West of Iran, who were 60 years or older. Data collection and blood pressure measurements were conducted in the households of the participants from 1st June 2015 through 1st August 2015. Hypertension was defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥150/90 mm Hg or receiving anti-hypertensive medications. Prevalence and determinants of hypertension, awareness of patients about their diagnosis and prevalence of treatment and adequately controlled blood pressure were determined.
    Results
    The prevalence of hypertension was 68.0%. Among hypertensive patients 81.8% were aware of their diagnosis, 78.0% were receiving antihypertensive medications. Among treated patients, 46.2% were adequately controlled. In univariate analysis, prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in women (74.0% vs. 60.7%, P
    Conclusion
    Hypertension is highly prevalent among older population of Tabriz. Despite high rate of treatment, the rates of control are relatively low, indicating a demand for prevention and better management of hypertension in older individuals.
    Keywords: Hypertension in Elderly, Epidemiology, Gender Differences
  • Ahmad Jamalizadeh, Zahra Kamiab*, Ali Esmaeili Nadimi, Mohsen Nejadghaderi, Ala Saeidi, Amirhossein Porkarami Pages 183-187
    Introduction
    In recent years non-communicable diseases (NCDs) risk factors such as tobacco consumption and high blood pressure (BP) have been increased. This study aimed to determine the frequency of risk factors of the main NCDs among inhabitants of Rafsanjan city.
    Methods
    Our study is a part of NCD surveillance in Iran (SuRF NCD). A total of 640 people enrolled and divided in four age groups in urban and rural areas in Rafsanjan (a city in Kerman province). Data were collected using the standardized stepwise protocol for NCD risk factor surveillance of the World Health Organization (WHO). This study focused on hypertension (HTN) and smoking.
    Results
    A total of 640 people (46.9% male and 53.1% female) participated in this cross-sectional study. The prevalence of HTN was 198 per 1000 population. 4.8% of those were below the age of 44, and 15% between 45 and 70 years old. Mean systolic BP was 127 ± 15.6 in male and 118 ± 19.65 in female and the statistical difference was significant (t = 5.55, P
    Conclusion
    Modifying risk factors such as HTN and smoking behavior through primary and secondary prevention programs by enhancing awareness and knowledge of lay people, improvement screening and treatment interventions, particularly for the youth is highly recommended.
    Keywords: Hypertension, Smoking, Prevalence, Iran, Rafsanjan, SuRF NCD
  • Mehrnoush Toufan, Leili Pourafkari, Nader D. Nader* Pages 188-189
    A 58 years old male with a long-standing history of HLA-B27 positive ankylosing spondylitis presented with increasing fatigue and dyspnea on exertion. He had left ventricular dysfunction and enlargement, flail right coronary leaflet of aortic valve with severe eccentric aortic insufficiency along with left ventricular non-compaction in echocardiography. The most common cardiac manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis are aortic insufficiency and conduction disturbances. Involvement of myocardium, in the form of dilated cardiomyopathy and restrictive cardiomyopathy, has also been reported. This case presents a very rare association of ankylosing spondylitis with non-compaction cardiomyopathy.
    Keywords: Ankylosing Spondylitis, Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy, Aortic Valve
  • Efren Martinez Quintana*, Fayna Rodriguez Gonz, Aacute, Lez Pages 190-191