نشریه قرآن پژوهی حسنا
پیاپی 25 (تابستان 1394)

In order to answer how Imam Khomeini’s thought create, the fundamentals of the structure of Imam Khomeini’s thought around the comprehensiveness of the Holy Quran will be studied in this paper in accordance with the four following issues: anthropology, wisdom, nature and the last of the prophets. To be aware of anthropology determine the structure of comprehensiveness of the Holy Quran in the Imam Khomeini’s intellectual system. Discussion on “being the last of the prophets” will answer the whatness of the comprehensiveness of the Holy Quran, and then, knowing the nature and the wisdom will illustrate the base of the comprehensiveness of the Holy Quran.

One of the most fundamental issues in the Quranic sciences is distortion. By confirming it, the miracle and the validity of Quran and Hadith will suffer from a serious loss. One of the grounds to confirm the distortion is duplication of recitation through which there is more or less a controversy. The aim of this research is to study the reasons of duplication of recitation by which Sunni’s scholars have justification on the deleted verses of Quran. Findings of this research indicate that since duplication of recitation has not been done during prophet Muhammad (SA) period, indeed, it is distortion in the other form. Distortion’s viewpoint will be criticized by discussing the duplication of recitation. The research methodology is analytic in this paper.

The creation’s world is replete with intelligence and perception, and also, all of the creatures know God in some different level. With respect to their intelligence, the extent of this level is different. This claim is confirmed by verses referring to the real praise of the creation’s world, animal conscious speech, resurrection of animal, etc. Also, Infallible Imams (AS)’s traditions emphasize on the praise of anything in the real world is consciously and this is done by their knowledge to God and their verbal language.

“Being the last of the prophets” is one of the common beliefs between Muslims and Christians. It means that Muslims know the founder of their religion as the last messenger of God and know his religion as the last and the most perfect one. In Christianity, every Christians believe that one of the important and basic doctrines is to end the prophecy by the advent of the Christ. The permanent peace was established between the God and the creature by the advent of the Christ and the promise between them to end. Also, they believe that his doctrine is the last and the most complete one. Initially “being the last of the prophets” of the prophet Muhammad (SA) by virtue of verses, traditions and the philosophy of his “being the last of the prophets”, and then, “being the last of the prophets” of the Christ in the Christianity will be discussed in this paper. Finally, it will refer to this claim that Christians know “being the last of the prophets” to just their own religion, but the claim is not correct because there are some historical evidences related to Christians and Jews became aware of the prophecy and “being the last of the prophets” of prophet Muhammad (SA), and then, they became Muslim. It implies on there has been good tidings of the prophecy and “being the last of the prophets” of prophet Muhammad (SA) in the Old and the New Testament. As a result, there is just one the last prophet and the last religion, i.e. prophet Muhammad (SA) and Islam.

One of the important Islam doctrines is to focus on the contentment. Dealing with this issue has a moral value and a high status in economical-Islamic discussions. Thus, it involves individual and social aspect of human life, and also, its consequences effect on everyone’s mundane and otherworldly life. This is so obvious in the Infallible Imams (AS)’s speech especially Imam Reza (AS). It is possible to find his intellectual direction and the type of his attitude towards economical issues especially contentment and its effect by studying Imam Reza (AS)’s way of life and speech. Not only the concept of contentment and its aspect in Imam Reza (AS)’s viewpoint, but also the necessity of focusing on contentment in the field of Islamic thought will be discussed in this paper.

The aim of the present research is to study woman’s interaction and her role as a wife and her maternity in Imam Reza (AS)’s doctrines, and then, to reach Imam Reza (AS)’s attitude on the status and the role of woman in the family life. Findings of the research indicate that according to Imam Reza (AS), having a good wife is man’s felicity and women who love their husbands are the best wealth for them. Also, Imam Reza (AS) has recommended to contentment in order to spiritual sublimity. According to him, a good wife is a woman with fidelity to her husband, i.e. in the absence of him to be care of her moral purity, and also, her husband’s property. Maternity in Imam Reza (AS)’s way of life is not just to bear a child. Also, he has advised that weak and sick women shouldn’t breast-feed a child because of its mal effect. Imam Reza (AS)’s doctrines pay attention to child’s moral nurture and his/her encouragement. Also, he has advised to charity for the children’s health. Based on Imam Reza (AS)’s doctrines, children’s religious nurture not only begins from the birth, but also it begins before the birth during the selection of a wife. This religious nurture is reflected on the family by spirituality. The data has been collected by a descriptive-analytic method by referring to Hadiths and the Holy Quran in this paper.

Knowing human being has been encountered with many people’s deep philosophical thoughts in all over the world for a long time. Quranic anthropology and western anthropology as two main intellectual schools have dealt with knowing human being, in generally speaking; they are different with each other in terms of the subject, the aim and the approach. The main weakness of western anthropology in comparison with Quranic anthropology is the weakness in the field of the subject, the aim and the approach so that western anthropology has been encountered with nihilism at the present time. On the other hand, its strength is to be practical and the tangible effect on human being life. However, Quranic anthropology has mainly remained in the theory scope. Western anthropology has passed from these three different periods; the ancient, the Middle Ages and the contemporary one. A comparative attitude of the comparison of the two above mentioned schools will be represented to the reader by virtue of Shiite religious principles, i.e., unity, resurrection, prophecy, leadership and justice, and also, referring to primary references such as Quran, Islamic philosophies, the traditions of Infallible Imams (AS), western orientalists, and western philosophies during different periods especially in the middle ages and the modern age.