فهرست مطالب
Iranian Journal of Virology
Volume:10 Issue: 2, 2016
- تاریخ انتشار: 1395/03/26
- تعداد عناوین: 10
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Pages 1-6Background And AimsVaricella-zoster virus (VZV) infection among pregnant women can cause a serious threat to the health of mother and fetus. Varicella is clearly less dangerous for immunized mothers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of VZV antibody among women before marriage.Materials And MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 women of child-bearing age who referred to Yazd clinic for premarital screening. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was performed to detect antibodies against VZV. Demographic characteristics of each participant, including age, educational level, place of residence, family and self-reported history of chickenpox were collected by a questionnaire.ResultsMean age of women under study was 23±5.4 years that 223 participants (73.7%) were seropositive, and 77 cases (25.7%) were seronegative for anti-VZV antibody, while 2 (0.6%) subjects had an equivocal result. A higher immunity ratio (86.4%) was found among older women (33-44 years). Data showed no significant correlation between immunity to VZV and age, educational level, place of residence. A statistically significant association was found between the family history, self-reported history of chickenpox and immunity to VZV. The positive and negative predictive values for self-reported history of chicken pox were 97.1% and 81.1%, respectively.ConclusionsA significant number of women before marriage had no immunity to VZV. They are in risk of getting varicella, which can cause serious complications in mother and fetus. It, therefore, seems necessary to screen women of child-bearing age for anti-VZV antibody. In addition, vaccination against VZV in Iranian women before marriage can be a good recommendation.Keywords: Antibody, Chickenpox, seroprevalence, Varicella-Zoster Virus
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Pages 7-12Background And AimsCo-infection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients can develop and increase liver disease and hepatic complications in the world. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of HEV infection in patients suffering from chronic HCV infection.Materials And MethodsCross-sectional study testing anti-HEV antibodies in serum samples belonged to 53 chronic HCV infected patients were evaluated. Demographic and clinical data such as liver function tests and enzymes level were prospectively collected on each patient with chronic HCV infection.ResultsThere were 5 HEV infected patients IgG positive among the 53 chronic HCV infected patients. These patients had an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level twice the upper level about of the 48 HEV negative patients (pConclusionsPrevalence of HEV sero-positivity patients with HCV co-infection patients was 9.4%. Our results suggest that HEV screening should be implemented in HCV-infected patients with cancer.Keywords: Hepatitis E Sero-epidemiology_Hepatitis C
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Pages 13-18Background And AimsHepatitis E virus is a public health concern and about a third of people in the world live in endemic areas. Although HEV is believed to be transmitted by fecal-oral routes between humans in low sanitary conditions, but evidence of transmission have been reported in hemodialysis (HD) patients.Materials And MethodsAim of present study was to determine the prevalence of anti-HEV antibody among HD patients in Gorgan, north of Iran. In this cross-sectional study, totally 300 HD patients from May to December 2014 were tested for detection of anti-HEV IgG and IgM by commercial HEV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Demographic variables were collected in pre-designed questionnaires.ResultsOut of 300 individuals, 148 (49.3%) were male and 152 (50.7%) were female. The overall anti-HEV IgG seroprevalence rate was 4%. Result showed significant association between anti-HEV IgG and duration of dialysis (p = 0.03), but there were no significant differences between the subjects grouped according to gender, Ethnicity, dialysis per week and age. No anti-HEV IgM were detected in patients.ConclusionsSince our finding showed statically significant relationship between duration of hemodialysis and anti-HEV. Therefore, hemodialysis maybe be considered as a risk factor in HEV transmission. However further studies are needed to confirm our data.Keywords: HEV, Hemodialysis, Seroprevalence, Iran
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Pages 19-24Background And AimsDifferent hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes have characteristic geographical distribution. Identification of HCV genotype is an important factor in the progression, clinical outcome and therapy of HCV infection. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HCV genotypes among HCV-RNA positive patients in Yazd, Iran.Materials And MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 150 HCV-infected individuals with detectable plasma HCV RNA levels were enrolled from January to August 2015. HCV-RNA was extracted from plasma samples and retro-transcribed to c-DNA. Then HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3a, 4 were determined using a PCR based genotyping kit.ResultsA total of 150 HCV-positive patients with mean age 40.45±11.83 were enrolled in the study. 89.3% of participant were males and 10.7% were females. The most common genotype was 3a (52%), followed by 1a (28%). Mixed-genotype infection was 20% and the most prevalent mixed genotype was 3a/1a (83% of mixed genotypes). The other genotypes were 1a/1b/3a in 10%, 3a/2 and 1a/2/3a both in 3% of patients with mixed HCV genotypes.ConclusionsUnlike other regions of Iran, Genotypes 3a was predominant in HCV-RNA positive patients in Yazd province. Also, HCV mixed-genotype infections are more common than previously estimated in other studies from different parts of the country.Keywords: Genotype_Hepatitis C virus_Iran
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Pages 25-30Background And AimsChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most important health problems worldwide. Currently, Iran is located in the intermediate HBV zone,This study was conducted to find out the prevalence of HBV infection among patients referring the hospital care in Rafsanjan, Iran.Materials And MethodsA total of 2030 blood samples (471from males and 1559 from females) were received and screened for hepatitis B infection during December 2015 to December 2016. After separation of serum from blood samples in local laboratory, All samples were tested for HBSAg by ELISA tests. and Liver enzymes [Alkalin Phosphatase (ALK), Alanine aminotrans¬ferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] were determined using biochemical proceduies.ResultsAmong 2030 collected samples, 26 person (1.28%) were positive for HBS Ag. Among the positive ones HBSAg hepatitis was more prevalent ,in female patients,than the males. 16 females and 10 males of which have been positive for HBV hepatitis. The prevalence rates of HBS in male was 2.12% and 1.02% for female. There was no significant difference between males and females In terms of prevalence of hepatitis (P=0.856). Results related to age showed that higher rate of infection in 20-29 years old (%53.24). and the lowest was in 0-9 years old groups (1.08%). . Of the three enzymes ALP,AST and ALT ,only ALT was significantly higher than the control group (P=0.018).ConclusionsIn conclusion, the prevalence of HBS in Rafsanjan was at an increasing rate. Findings from the current study will be helpful for the better management and control of viral hepatitis B infection.Keywords: Prevalence, Epidemiology, Hepatitis B
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Pages 31-39Background And AimsHuman lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) causes various diseases such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraperesis (HAM / TSP) in humans. The main goal of this study is to compare Iranian protease subtypes structure of this virus (HTLV-1) to samples collected from other part of world in order to understand their differences.Materials And MethodsDuring 1394 -1395, 10 blood samples taken from HTLV-1 virus infected individuals. Samples went through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process.The obtained products were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis were done. The second and third structures of these sequences were obtained by using a specialized websites.ResultsThe Iranian samples were completely exposed in to the cluster of Cosmopolitan subtype. The result of first structure alignment of protease protein in different subtypes of the virus, suggested some differences in the gene of interest. The conversion of the first structure to second and third structures and respectively pairwise and multiple alignment showed no significant difference in the protease protein conformation.ConclusionsThe comparison of HTLV-1 virus protease protein from Iran and other sequences in the world which were obtained from GenBank shows no significant dissimilarity. This dissimilarity help to design the production of the drug. Therefore, future studies can be targeting a part of the protein and generalize the treatment outcomes to all subtypes circulating. This comparison have beneficiary effect in making the right medication that inhibit the subtypes of the virus in treatment studies of disease developed by this virus.Keywords: Human lymphotropic virus type -1 (HTLV-1), protease, homology modeling
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Pages 40-47Background And AimsHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most important common cancers in the world. The main etiology of this cancer in developing and third world countries is due to the infection with hepatitis B and C viruses. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HCV) would both cause liver cancer but the incidence of the disease in relation to the age and gender has not been determined. The present study was conducted to evaluate the relation between some demographic characteristics with rs1053004 polymorphism in STAT3 gene among patients with liver cancer following chronic hepatitis B infection and its comparison with healthy subjects.Materials And MethodsIn this study, 33 tissue samples of liver cancer from pationts with HBV infection, 50 blood samples from patients with chronic hepatitis B and 50 blood samples from healthy subjects, as the control group, were obtained to determine rs1053004 polymorphism in STAT3 gene (signal transducer factor and activator of transcription in the nucleus) using Real Time PCR method.ResultsIn the present study 133 subject were evaluated and from them, 50 (37.6%) were healthy and 50 of the participants (37.6%) had chronic hepatitis B and 33 (24.8%) had HCC. 69.9% of the participants (93 participants) were male and 30.1% (40 participants) were female. According to the results, the gender of the participants in the studied groups had no significant relation with their SNPrs1053004 polymorphism. But the relation between gender and liver cancer was statistically significant (pConclusionsResults of the present study showed no significant relation between the presence of rs1053004 polymorphism in STAT3 gene (signal transducer factor and activator of transcription in the nucleus) and gender of the participants but the difference between the ages of the healthy group, chronic hepatitis B group and HCC group was statistically significant. In other words, age could be a predicting factor in developing HCCKeywords: Polymorphism, STAT3 Gene, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hepatitis B
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Pages 48-52Background And AimsSistan is a major pole in dairy production and genetic resource for the unique sistanian breed in the southeast of Iran. This region has a wide border with Afghanistan and cattle imports are done through this border. The main aim of this study was to compare the seroprevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) infection rate using direct Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test among imported and native cattles.Materials And MethodsTotally, 180 serum samples were collected from 20 non-vaccinating farms in the north of Sistan and Baluchistan province Iran. Commercial indirect ELISA test was used for detection of serum antibodies against BVDV. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test.ResultsThe number of 123 (68.33%) cows were seropositive. All of the herds were were ELISA seropositive. The seroprevalence ranged from 73 to 100 percent within the farms. The prevalence was significantly higher in cows higher than 2 years old compared to animals lower than 2 years old (PConclusionsResults of this study indicated that BVDV was highly prevalent in the north of Sistan and Baluchistan and BVDV infection could be controlled by livestock trade control, and considering biosecurity measures in farms.Keywords: BVDV, ELISA, cattle, Sistan, Baluchistan, Iran
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Pages 53-57
Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious disease that affects many species of birds and causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide and the pathogenicity of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains varies with different virulence. Samples were collected from chicken commercial farms in Iran during 20142015. ND virus were characterized (NDV) by partial sequences of fusion genome and compared with other NDV sequences. All viruses showed the amino acid sequence 112 RRQKRF117 at the C-terminus of the F2 protein and phenylalanine at the N-terminus of the F1 protein, residue 117. These amino acid sequences were identical to a known virulent motif. Based on the phylogenetic analysis the Iranian ND isolates are closely related to the genotype VIId of class II NDV strains. The result show that the genotype VIId is dominant and circulating among chicken farms and cause clinical disease.
Keywords: Newcastle disease virus, poultry industry, phylogenetic analysis -
Pages 58-62Cytomegalovirus is the most important pathogen affecting transplant recipients and causing significant morbidity and morbidity. The prevalence of CMV infections in transplant recipient varies from country to country. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of PCR assay for CMV detection in patients before Keratoplasty. A total of 23 patient samples enrolled in this study from March 2008 to Feb 2010. Based on the result the over all incidence of CMV infection was 39.1 percent (9 positive sample) in PCR assay. In this study, the plasma PCR assay proved to be sensitive and specific in order to detect CMV infections.Keywords: Cytomegalovirus, CMV, Peripheral Blood Specimens, Keratoplasty