فصلنامه پرستاری و مامایی
پیاپی 22 (تابستان 1390)

Infancy is one of the most sensitive and most vulnerable stages of life that requires proper understanding and care provided is accurate. Infant health comes from good maternal care. The maternal care depends on their knowledge. This study was designed to determine the Mothers’ Knowledge of Child Care in Early Postnatal Period in Educational and Private Hospitals in Urmia city. In this cross-sectional study, 300 women were analyzed by non-probability sampling & Quota. Data for the study were gathered from mothers with natural childbirth, 3 to 12 hours after delivery, and from mothers who had caesarian childbirth, 12 to 72 hours after delivery, through interview and questionnaire. The obtained information was analyzed by SPSS software, using descriptive (Absolute and relative abundance) & Using statistical analysis (Chi-square and Spearman). According to our results, 7.7% of mothers had low knowledge, 55.3% had average knowledge and 37% of them had high knowledge on child care. The most level of mothers’ knowledge, was related to Azerbaijan Hospital (47.9%) and the lowest level, was related to the training & treatment center - martyr Motahari. The statistical test, showed a significant relationship between mother's knowledge, with the variables: age, occupation, education level, birth rank, place of birth, and maternal care during pregnancy.Our results indicate that the level of knowledge among mothers in terms of child care was low, and since mother’s knowledge has significant effects on the child’s health, the necessity to give more attention to promoting mothers’ knowledge seems essential.

Human resource is one of the factors for organization's survival. Generally, every organizaion's success depends on its employee's efforts as well as their job satisfaction. The aim of this study was to investigate the major effective factors in job satisfaction of health aids (social workers) in Hamadan province. This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 276 of Health Aids of Hamadan province, in 2008. In order to collect the data, the demographic features questionnaire and the standard questionnaire involved social, psychological, welfare, educational, physical setting and management were used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. According to the result of this study, 35.9% of health aids (social workers) reported job dissatisfaction. Also, the findings indicated that welfare 74.6%, physical setting 61.2%, managerially 41.3%, psychologically 17.4%, socially 14.5% and educationally 9.4% expressed their occupational dissatisfaction. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between sex, marital status and job satisfaction ((p<0.05). Most of the Health Aids(social workers) are satisfied with their job and their job satisfaction and organizational commitment would increase if some factors such as salary, lack of welfare opportunities, their progress were taken into consideration and involve their in goal setting and decision making and create a consultative environment.

Depression is one of the characteristics in most Schizophrenic patients, the use of" religious practice" as a source of meaning and hope for understanding the problems, an important factor in healing of this problem introduced. Aim of this study was determine the effect of reading the Quran grouping on depression of Schizophrenic patients A semi-experimental study was conducted with 42 Schizophrenic patients who were randomly allocated in two groups of intervention and control (21 patients in each group). Then their depression was measured by Beck Depression Inventory. Intervention included 12 group sessions as reading the Quran that a day among was carried out in test group, the control group only receiving routine treatment. One week after the sessions; patients’ depression scores measured. Data were analyzed by using independent and paired sample t-test. The mean depression scores showed that between test and control groups before the intervention there was no statistically significant difference (p =0/829). Compare mean scores after the intervention in groups showed statistically significant differences (p =0/033). And compare mean before and after scores in groups, showed significant difference in the test group (p =0/036) applying spiritual affairs can be reduced depression of Schizophrenic patients has been admitted for long time, so use of such affair in hospitalized patients is recommended.

Protein of most of foods can active as an antigen in human. Proteins of cow's milk are prevalent causes of food allergy in breast-feeding period. Therefore, elimination diets and challenge tests are essential for the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. The aim of this study is to report the clinical presentation and assessment of symptoms suggestive of cow’s milk allergy.An observational cross-sectional study was performed on hospitalized and referred out patients to clinic who had less than 4 year with symptoms suggestive of food allergy. Then the children who had cow's milk allergy due to clinical manifestations, physical examination and lab tests were selected. The prevalence of suspected cow’s milk allergy in the study populationwas 40% (60,150). Sixty children with cow's milk allergy have been studied. The average age was 13.88 ± 10.67 month. 70% of participants were male and 30% were female. The most clinical manifestations were: gastrointestinal symptoms 63.3%, skin symptoms 26.7% and respiratory symptoms 10% respectively. Family history of allergy in 73.3% of patients was positive. The most cause of allergy in children is allergy to cow's milk. Family history of allergy is prevalent in individuals by cow's milk allergy. So in children with food allergy, effective elimination diets should be prescribed to control allergy symptoms.

Anemia, the most common and most preventable health problems in women. Since the design ideas And preventive health behaviors in any society is built based on people's social and cultural background,This study was conducted with the aim of identifying factors motivated mechanism for reproductive age women search for medical diagnosis and treatment of anemia in their. In this descriptive study were selected from 400 women referred to health centers in Khalkhal with purposive sampling among women attending. Data were collected through questionnaires.Data analysis was performed using statistical software SPSS version 16 and descriptive statistics indicators. From the perspective of women, Internal motivation factors such as a previous affected to anemia, prevalence of anemia and the possibility of affecting, self-study on anemia, concern about symptoms of anemia, etc., are the major stimulus of anemia. Regarding the motivation factors external stimuli such as is mentioned the presence of anemic people in relatives, encourage family or friends to check anemia, to hear a message from the media's attempt to check the cause of anemia, another important incentive mechanism for external review anemia by women. The findings indicate that motivation factor is very low for action for women in their check of anemia. Therefore it is recommended should be considered in informing and educating women about the necessity of anemia screening by health personnel and facilities necessary to perform these examinations in health centers by the authorities.

The effect of Research Vice Chancellor Office expert's follow-up on increasing in the delivery of products of research projects was assessed in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. In this study 301 completed research projects that their final reports provided to RVCO (Research Vice Chancellor Office) during 2005 - March 2008 were entered into the study. The frequency of published articles and other research products (innovations, manufacturing and management improvement) that provided by researchers in different faculties and educational departments was assessed by experts of RVCO. The experts also evaluated the time table of the projects and calculated the delay in providing the final reports. Then the experts followed-up "providing the research products by researchers" three times with 1.5 month intervals. Three projects excluded from study due to incomplete processing. Median (interquartile range) of duration of projects was 18.0(12.0-29.8) months and delay time to complete the project was 7.0(1.0-14.0) months. Researchers delivered the products to RVCO only in 113/298 (38%) of projects. The office expert's follow-up increased product delivery to 188/298 (63%). Frequency of research products delivery were 41%, 53%, 30%, 35%, 22%, 33% and 12% in Medicine, Pharmacy, Nursery, Health & Nutrition, Dentistry, Paramedics faculties and SRC (Students Research Committee), respectively. Also, relative frequencies of research projects product delivery were assessed in all facultie's different departments. This study revealed that providing of research projects results (mainly published articles) by researchers was lower than expected range, unfortunately. Also we found that RVCO expert's follow-up was acceptable in improving this result's delivery and we advise this management process to other research offices.

one of the aims nursing discipline is creative scientific base for clinical practice. The best of patients care obtain via evidence-based practice that is golden standard for awareness practice in nursing. There is a little Iranian study in this context investigated. Therefore, the purpose of present study was to assess the Nurse's knowledge and attitude in Evidence-Based Nursing in kashan University of Medical Science's Teaching hospitals. This research involves sectional design and conducted in 2011 in kashan University of Medical Science's Teaching hospitals. The research sample included 400 nurses who 3 years worked in one of the kashan University of Medical Science's Teaching hospitals and have bachelor degree. These nurses were selected by eligible sampling method. Using questionnaire the nurses’ knowledge and attitude was investigated. Data analyzing was conducted by SPSS statistic software using descriptive and inferential statistic. Results showed that 44.8% nurses knowledge was moderate and 44.8% was low. 41.3% nurses have positive attitude and 58.8% were apathetic toward evidence-based nursing. There was statistical difference between the nurses’ knowledge with age, education, kind of ward and nurses study hours in week. Also, statistical difference between age and job with attitude toward evidence-based nursing. This result showed that nurses’ knowledge to evidence-based nursing was moderate and low. Major of nursing have apathetic attitude toward evidence-based nursing. However, with suitable structure environment and revision nursing education may obtain opportunity for evidence-based practice.