فهرست مطالب

Iranian Economic Review - Volume:15 Issue: 29, Spring 2011

Iranian Economic Review
Volume:15 Issue: 29, Spring 2011

  • 146 صفحه،
  • تاریخ انتشار: 1390/11/20
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Khalili Araghim., F.Sadeghian Fard Pages 1-9
    This study investigates the economic interdependence between Iran and her main historical trade partner, Germany. We want to see whether the business cycles are transferring from Germany to Iran via trade? By using SVAR model we have found that for period of 1990-2006, Germany have had a slight effect on Iran’s economy. Iran is the importer of capital and industrial goods from Germany, and the changes in her import conditions would have effect on domestic product and the supply side. However, we have found that the cycles and fluctuations in Iran have mainly been caused by her own domestic conditions. The trade barriers and control have reduced the effect of the fluctuations from Iran’s trade partner to move into Iran’s economy.
  • Mehrani, S.S.Hanjari, A.Rasaiian Pages 11-25
    Many recent studies accounts for the relationship between market risk measures and accounting risk measures. There is also a relationship between risk and bid-ask spread. Therefore some researchers have studied the relationship between financial information as measures of risk and bid-ask spread. The main goal of this paper is to review the relationship between financial information and bid-ask spread in Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore 156 firms that their necessary information for a three years period was available are selected. Then information about 14 independent variables has been studied. Bid-Ask spread is also computed as dependent variable. Multivariate fixed effects panel data regression technique is used to examine the hypotheses. Signification of the models is examined by t and F statistics. The conclusions account for that the model measures more than twenty eight percent changes in Bid-Ask spread.
  • Habibi.F., H.Abbasinejad Pages 27-41
    The purpose of this study is to identify and measure the impact of the main determinants of the international tourist arrivals to the Malaysia. The annual panel data set includes the number of arrivals from the 19 most important European countries during the period 1998–2007, and a number of possible explanatory variables. Taking into account the changing structure of consumer preferences, a dynamic model is estimated. The results suggest that the habit persistence (word-of-mouth), income, accommodation capacity (hotel rooms) and political stability have positive effects on European tourism demand in Malaysia. One of the main conclusions of the study is the significant value of the lagged dependent variable (0.52), which may be interpreted as a major word-of-mouth effect on tourism demand in Malaysia. In addition, the dynamic panel data estimation highlights the importance of the accommodation capacity as the most important factor in attracting more tourism to Malaysia.
  • Gorji.E., M.Alipourian Pages 43-72
    This paper introduces a simple knowledge economy benchmarking tool, the Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM), which was designed by the World Bank Institute, to help countries identify problems and opportunities that they may face, and where it may need to focus policy attention or future investments, with respect to making the transition to the knowledge economy. The Knowledge Assessment Methodology based on the four pillars: education, innovation, information and communication technologies, and a conducive economic and institutional environment, which asserts that sustained investments on these pillars, will lead to sustained economic growth. Iran, on realization of the relative global position in terms of the knowledge economy, needs to develop coherent policies that place knowledge at the core of its development strategies, especially about the economic incentive regime and investment on education and innovation.
  • Shahnazi.R., M. Renani, M.Vaez, R.Khoshakhlagh, R.Dalali Esfahani Pages 73-88
    This paper focuses on the impacts of oil revenues on government fiscal policy when we have externality of human capital in economic. Therefore, we devised a fiscal policy capable to make the decentralized economy to achieve the first-best equilibrium in the Uzawa-Lucas model. The results of this paper show that optimal policy requires making use of a subsidy to investment in human and physical capital. Human capital can be financed by oil revenues and tax on labor income and physical capital can be financed by oil revenues. Government size dependent to oil revenues: When share of oil revenue in GDP or ratio of oil revenue in physical capital increase, government size increases and conversely. The results show the return on the physical capital must be free of taxes, but tax on labor income needed to balance the government budget in the steady state or in the transitional phase.
  • Asgari.H Pages 89-99
    Brain drain as a migration of skilled and educated labor is an important issue from years ago and this is one of the critical matters with which the developing countries like Iran are engaged. So because of the importance of this subject in this study we have concentrated on investigating on causes of brain drain from Iran to 16 OECD countries since 1991 to 2004 based on gravity model. This research shows that the gravity mode is able to justify the causes of brain drain as a set of pull and push factors like population, geographical distance, real per capita income, unemployment, degree of economics openness’, participation of private sector...
  • Mirzaei.A., Z.Mirzaei Pages 101-128
    The main purpose of this research is to examine profitability determinants in the Middle Eastern banking systems. In particular, the impact of bank-specific and macroeconomic factors on bank profitability is examined. Using both the OLS and the GMM techniques, the results show the persistence of profit, confirming the dynamic character of the model specification. The crucial point is that the findings from the dynamic model confirm a non-linear relationship between size and profitability. Although no evidence is found in support of the traditional SCP hypothesis in the static model, the dynamic model confirms such hypothesis strongly. We also find that capital strength, liquidity, and efficiency are the main determinants of profitability. Off-balance-sheet activities reduce bank profits and the Middle Eastern banks don’t seem to anticipate inflation, meaning that the influence of inflation is negative for the Middle East at least for the period under consideration.
  • Mahmoudinia.D., F.Pourshahabi, E.Salimi Soderjani Pages 129-146
    In this study, we investigate the long run and causality relationship between tourism receipts and economic growth in 17 MENA selected countries during 1995-2007. We incorporate exchange rate as an intermittent variable in a bivariate setting between tourism receipts and economic growth. Using panel cointegration technique, the results show that in the MENA countries, there are the bidirectional causality between tourism receipts and economic growth in long run and short run. Also we find that the unidirectional causality from exchange rate to economic growth and tourism receipts. Our findings imply that MENA economics could increase their short-run and long run economic growth by strategically strengthening their tourism industries. In final, we provide some policy implication for this industry in these set of countries.