فهرست مطالب

Modern Care Journal
Volume:14 Issue: 4, Oct 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/11/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Mohammad Taghi Mohseni Takalu, Seyed Ali Hosseini *, Hamidreza Khankeh Page 1
    Background And Objectives
    Caring for a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) creates a lot of physical, economic, social, and psychological problems for caregivers and the patient’s families, which can also lead to mental disorders in caregivers. the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of solution-focused group therapy in reducing anxiety, stress, and depression among caregivers of multiple sclerosis patients.
    Methods
    In this semi-experimental study, among the members of the family with multiple sclerosis, there were cases of MS in Kerman province. A total of 30 individuals, who had met the criteria for entering the study were selected by a sampling method and randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental (15 people) and control (15 people). For the experimental group, solution-focused group therapy was performed in 6 sessions of 90 minutes (1 session weekly), however, the control group did not receive any intervention. The instrument for data collection was a depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS-21) questionnaire. It was completed by both groups before and after intervention.
    Results
    The results showed that the mean score of depression, anxiety, and stress after intervention was significantly lower in the caregivers of the experimental group than in the control group (P
    Conclusions
    According to the results, solution-focused group therapy is effective in reducing depression, anxiety, and stress of caregivers of MS patients. Therefore, psychologists and rehabilitation therapists can use the positive effects of this method for caregivers.
    Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis, Caregiver, Solution, Focused Therapy, Depression, Stress, Anxiety
  • Ahmad Nasiri, Leila Fahimzade* Page 2
    Background
    Nurses who take care of elderly people have witnessed sleep disorders as one of the most common problems in these geriatric patients. As a major non-pharmaceutical method, aromatherapy is considered as a holistic nursing intervention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of lavender aromatherapy on sleep quality of elderly people in nursing care homes.
    Methods
    This study conducted “randomized controlled field trial” on 50 elderly people in the nursing care home of Zabol County. The representatives were selected with the help of available sampling method and randomly divided into 2 experimental and control groups. The participants of the experimental group were exposed to lavender essential oil for 7 nights from 10 pm to 6 am. However, placebo (water) was used in the control group. The PSQI questionnaire was completed before and after the intervention by both groups. The data was analyzed using the SPSS software and the statistical tests of chi-square, Fisher exact test, Independent t-test, and paired t-test. This study was a randomized controlled field trial, with the purpose of determining the effect of aromatherapy on sleep quality of elderly people in nursing care homes in the eastern region of Iran (Zabol County) in 2016.
    Results
    There was no significant difference between experimental and control groups as far as the mean score of sleep quality at the beginning was concerned. However, a notable distinction between the 2 (experimental- 6.48 ± 3.33 and control- 9.84 ± 3.76) groups was found in the end. The comparison of sleep mean scores before and after the intervention showed that there was a statistically significant relationship in terms of delay in falling sleep, sleep disorders, and impaired daily functioning. The comparison of sleep mean score change between the experimental and control groups observed delays in falling sleep, sleep duration, sleep disorders, taking sleep medications, and impaired daily functioning (P
    Conclusions
    Lavender aromatherapy had a positive impact on improving the sleep quality of elderly people and may be used as a non-invasive, easy, and low-cost method.
    Keywords: Lavender, Aromatherapy, Nursing Care Home, Sleep Quality, Elderly
  • Mitra Ranjbar, Masoumeh Dadkhah, Farah Bokharaei Salim, Marzieh Daneshbodi *, Shokoufeh Savaj, Hossein Keyvani Page 3
    Background
    The presence of HBV DNA in the absence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum of patients is called occult HBV infection (OBI). Because of the risk of hepatitis B transmission, OBI is an important subject for haemodialysis (HD) patients and centres.
    Objectives
    The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of OBI among haemodialysis patients.
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, serum specimens were obtained from 200 haemodialysis patients who referred to HD centres of Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran (Iran) and were tested for HBsAg. They were then tested for HBV viral load in plasma and the presence of the HBV genome in peripheral blood mononuclear cell specimens using real-time PCR. Demographic data (age, sex, history of HBV vaccination, and blood transfusion), liver enzymes (AST, ALT), and duration of HD were recorded.
    Results
    Among the 200 HD patients, 109 (54.5%) were male and 91 (45.5%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 56.09 ± 15.5 years (range: 22 to 88 years). A total of 38 patients (19%) had a history of blood transfusion and all patients had received 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine (34 patients also received a booster dose after recording a low serum level of HBsAb.). The prevalence of OBI was 0.5% (1/200).
    Conclusions
    Considering the moderate prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in Iran, the prevalence of OBI in HD patients was very low, which could be due to regular and on-time vaccination for hepatitis B and the good preventive care in HD centres.
  • Mohammad Afshar, Mohammad Mehdi Hassanzadeh Taheri, Mahmood Zardast, Asma Moghaddam* Page 4
    Background

    Angiogenesis has a basic role in wound healing. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered as the most efficient signal that stimulates angiogenesis in wounds. Resveratrol as a natural polyphenol has enigmatic effects on VEGF-expression, angiogenesis, and granulation. Thus, the current study investigated resveratrol effects on these factors during wound healing in BALB/c mice.

    Methods

    Sixty male BALB/c mice (2.5-month-old) were divided into 5 groups (each group n = 12). A full dermis thickness incision was placed on the dorsal skin. The study groups were topically administered 0.05% and 0.1% resveratrol, while the control groups were treated with nitrofurazone 0.2% cream (positive control), eucerine (negative control) or no treatment (sham group) twice per day for 14 days post wounding. Three animals of each group were sacrificed after anesthetizing on the post-operative days of 4, 7, 10, and 14. Therefore, the incision wounds were examined histologically and immunohistochemically using ImageJ software. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Comparisons among multiple groups were performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Data were analyzed with SPSS version 24.

    Results

    Compared with the control and sham groups, resveratrol administration increased VEGF-expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Results of the current study also revealed that higher granulation at wound tissue due to high VEGF expression accelerated wound healing. The mean of granulation in resveratrol-treated group was significantly higher than those of the control groups.

    Conclusions

    The current study findings showed that resveratrol had positive effect on VEGF-expression and granulation in wound healing.

    Keywords: Angiogenesis, Resveratrol, Wound Healing, Balb, C Mice
  • Zahra Unesi *, Samaneh Nakhaee, Manizhe Nasirizade, Alimohamad Izad Panah Page 5
    Background And Aim
    Hospitalization of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is a stressful event for mothers. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between perceived nursing support and parental stress among mothers of hospitalized preterm infants.
    Methods
    This descriptive, analytical study was conducted on 100 mothers of neonates, who were hospitalized in the NICU of Valiasr Hospital, Birjand, Iran during 2014 - 2015. Data were collected using a questionnaire of demographic and clinical characteristics, nurse-parent support tool, and parental stressor scale. Data were analyzed using independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation test, and univariate or multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis.
    Results
    The mothers’ parental stress had a significant inverse correlation with the perceived nursing support (r, -0.23; P = 0.02). Among the subscales of perceived nursing support, only the subscale of emotional support was a significant predictor of parental stress and its subscales (P
    Conclusions
    Nursing support plays a pivotal role in alleviating stress among mothers of preterm infants. Therefore, nurses should provide adequate informational and emotional support for these mothers.
    Keywords: Support, Nursing, Stress, Mother, Preterm Infant, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
  • Samaneh Nakhaee, Seyyed Abolfazl Vagharseyyedin, Ehsan Afkar, Maryam Salmani Mood* Page 6
    Background
    Adolescence is among the most critical stages of life, during which assertiveness starts to develop. Parents and their communication patterns have significant roles in adolescents’ successful transition to adulthood. The present study aimed to examine the relationship of family communication patterns with adolescents’ assertiveness.
    Methods
    This descriptive - analytical study was conducted on 400 high - school students in Birjand, Iran. Students were selected via multistage random sampling. A demographic questionnaire, the 26 - item Revised Family Communication Patterns, and the 30 - item Rathus Assertiveness Schedule were employed for data collection. The SPSS software (v. 16) was used to analyze the data by conducting the one - way analysis of variance, the Chi - square test, and the stepwise multivariate regression at a significance level of less than 0.05.
    Results
    The most and the least common family communication patterns among participants were pluralistic (73 students, 28.1%) and protective (58 students, 22.3%) patterns, respectively. Students with pluralistic family communication patterns obtained significantly higher assertiveness scores than those with laissez - faire (P
    Conclusions
    The conversation orientation dimension of family communication pattern is a significant predictor of adolescents’ assertiveness. Parents can increase their adolescents’ assertiveness through creating a more hospitable and open atmosphere in their families and encouraging adolescents to express and discuss their ideas and feelings.
    Keywords: Family Communication Pattern, Assertiveness, Adolescents
  • Fatemeh Gandomi, Gholam Reza Sharif-Zadeh*, Mitra Moodi, Narjes Akbari, Narges Gandomi Page 7
    Background And Objectives
    Pregnant women’s oral and dental hygiene is of great importance to maternal and neonatal health. This study aimed to predict dental caries preventive behaviors among pregnant women based on self-efficacy and the theory of planned behavior.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2016 on 258 pregnant women recruited from comprehensive healthcare centers in Birjand, Iran. Sampling was done via multistage random sampling. Data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire developed based on self-efficacy and the theory of planned behavior. The content validity of the instrument was approved by 10 faculty members and its reliability was approved with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted via the SPSS software (v. 19.0) to analyze the data at a significance level of less than 0.05.
    Results
    The mean of participants’ age was 27.6 ± 5.1 and the mean of the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index was 5.4 ± 3.5. Regression analysis showed that self-efficacy and the constructs of the theory of planned behavior explained 47% of the total variance of the intention to show dental caries preventive behaviors. The strongest predictors of behavioral intention were self-efficacy (R2 = 0.34) and the subjective norm construct of the theory (R2 = 0.313).
    Conclusions
    Self-efficacy and subjective norm are the strongest predictors of dental caries preventive behaviors among pregnant women. The combination of self-efficacy and the theory of planned behavior can provide a useful framework for developing and implementing educational interventions for the prevention of dental caries among pregnant women and the promotion of maternal and neonatal health.
    Keywords: Theory of Planned Behavior, Self, Efficacy, Pregnant Women, Oral, Dental Care
  • Mahyar Mohammadifard, Masood Ziaee, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh, Toba Kazemi, Zohreh Azarkar, Mahboubeh Saljoughi, Azadeh Ebrahimzadeh* Page 8
    Background And Objectives
    Abnormal pattern of liver enzymes can provide valuable evidence for the diagnosis of a wide range of diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate liver enzyme elevation and its contributing factors in Birjand, Iran.
    Methods
    This descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 5240 residents of Birjand city, Iran. Primarily, liver enzyme test was performed for all participants and then, the test was repeated for all individuals with liver enzyme elevation (i.e. an alanine transaminase of more than 40 IU/L) at the first measurement. After that, individuals with liver enzyme elevation at both measurements were subjected to blood testing for low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C virus antibody, and total bilirubin as well as ultrasound assessment for fatty liver disease. The SPSS software (v. 16.0) was employed for data analysis.
    Results
    Among 5240 individuals, 150 had liver enzyme elevation at both measurements. They aged 41.5 ± 13.1 on average and were mostly male (56.7%). The means of their serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase were 65.4 ± 20.9 (IU/L) and 35.7 ± 15.1 (IU/L), respectively. The prevalence rates of hepatitis B surface antigen positivity, hepatitis C virus antibody positivity, and obesity were 14% (21 cases), 0.2% (4 cases), and 70% (100 cases), respectively. The mean of serum alanine transaminase was significantly higher among males, individuals with hepatitis B surface antigen positivity, and those with grade II and III fatty liver (P = 0.01). However, serum aspartate transaminase had no significant correlations with these factors.
    Conclusions
    Serum alanine transaminase elevation is significantly more common among males as well as individuals with fatty liver disease and hepatitis B. These findings suggest that all individuals with a serum alanine transaminase of more than 40 should be assessed for fatty liver disease and hepatitis B.
    Keywords: Liver Enzymes, Birjand, Risk Factors