فهرست مطالب

Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
Volume:7 Issue: 3, Summer 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/04/26
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Imen Abid, Mohamed Zouari, Mohamed Jallouli, Sondes Sahli, Aicha Bouden, Rabiaa Ben Abdallah, Fatma Trabelsi, Dr Asma Jabloun, Dr Awatef Charieg, Dr Chaima Mrad, Dr Mariam Marzouki, Dr Sana Mosbahi, Dr Aziza Ezzi, Roumayla Mootamri, Mourad Hamzaoui, Nejib Kaabar, Said Jlidi Pages 133-139
    Background
    Ovarian masses requiring surgical intervention are uncommon in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to report results of a multicentric Tunisian study concerning the clinical practice and the management of pediatric ovarian masses and to identify the factors that are associated with ovarian preservation.
    Materials And Methods
    Between January 2000 and December 2015, 98 pediatric patients (
    Results
    Ninety-eight patients were included in this study. The mean age of the patients at time of surgery was 8.46±4.87 years. Sixty-three ovarian masses (64.3%) were non- neoplastic lesions, 24 (24.5%) were benign tumors, and 11 (11.2%) were malignant neoplasms. Conservative surgery (ovarian preserving surgery) was successfully performed in 72.4% of the benign lesions whereas only three patients (27.3%) with malignant tumors underwent ovary-sparing tumor resection (p
    Conclusion
    In the present study, the risk factors for oophorectomy were a malignant pathology and large tumor size. In accordance with the Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup consensus, it is recommended that surgical management of ovarian masses in children should be based on ovarian preserving surgery.
    Keywords: Children, Oophorectomy, Ovarian Mass, Ovarian Preservation
  • Dr Mohammad Reza Bordbar, Dr Sezaneh Haghpanah, Dr Forough Saki Pages 140-148
    Background
    Total bone mass acquired during childhood is known to be the most important determinant and base of lifelong skeletal health. The present study investigated the prevalence of low bone mass for chronological age (LBM) in lumbar and femoral areas of leukemic children in the south of Iran and evaluated the association of anthropometric, clinical and laboratory data of these children with low bone mass.
    Materials And Methods
    This cross sectional study was conducted on 106 patients with proven diagnosis of acute leukemia who aged 4-18 years old. Anthropometric data, physical activity, sun exposure, pubertal stage and mineral biochemical parameters were assessed. Bone mineral density was measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version21).
    Results
    The prevalence of low bone mass for chronological age in leukemic children of southern Iran was 28.3% and 27% in lumbar and femoral regions, respectively and it was not sex dependent. This prevalence was associated with duration of disease, serum calcium, serum level of vitamin D, Body mass index (BMI), and radiotherapy. Among these factors, serum calcium had independent predictive effects.
    Conclusion
    The present investigation revealed high prevalence of low bone mass in Iranian leukemic children. The most important associated factors with bone mineral density were radiotherapy, BMI, duration of illness, and serum calcium level. Further studies are recommended on bone mineral density in leukemic children, especially in Asian countries, with attention to patients’ fractures to find out the important risk factors for future osteoporosis.
    Keywords: Children, Leukemia. Low bone mass, Iran
  • Dr Robab Sheikhpour, Dr Azam Hashemi, Elham Akhondzadeh, Z. Khanjarpanah, M. Mirakhor, Razieh Akhondi Pages 149-153
    Background
    Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of leukemia among children. Immunoglobulin A is the most numerous immunoglobulin isotype in mucosal secretion. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency can increase risk of cancer in patients. Since few studies have been done on relation between serum IgA and ALL, this study was attempted to evaluate serum IgA in ALL patients.
    Materials And Methods
    In this descriptive analytical study, 28 pediatric patients diagnosed with ALL with mean age of 6.75± 3.29 ranged from 1 to11 years old and 28 controls with mean age of 7.31± 4.12 ranged from 2 to 12 years old were chosen from Shahid Sadoughi Hospital. Serum IgA was measured by immunotorbidometric method (Pars Azmoon Kit, Iran). Pearson and Independent t test were used for the analysis of data.
    Results
    In this study, the mean level of IgA was lower in patients with ALL (82.5± 21.3 mg/dl) in comparison to control group (113.2± 26.62 mg/dl). Moreover, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05).
    Conclusion
    According to the results of the present study, the serum level of IgA was significantly lower in ALL pediatric patients than the control group; however, it was in normal range in both groups. More studies are needed to strongly conclude IgA deficiency as a new risk factor or as a new marker of ALL in children. Other immunoglobulins are recommended to be considered in patients with ALL in further studies.
    Keywords: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Immonoglobulin, IgA deficiency
  • Dr Mohammad Soleiman Soltanpour, Dr Majid Farshdousti Hagh, Dr Koorosh Kamali, Gholam Ali Jafari, Dr Kambiz Davari Pages 154-162
    Background
    Co-inheritance of hemochromatosis (HFE) gene mutations may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of iron overload in beta-thalassemia major (BTM) patients. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HFE C282Y and H63D mutations in BTM patients and their correlation with some demographic data and biochemical iron markers.
    Materials And Methods
    The study population consisted of 65 BTM patients and 200 apparently healthy matched controls. The genotyping of HFE gene mutations were conducted by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism method. Plasma ferritin levels were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Plasma iron and transferrin levels were assessed by routine laboratory methods. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (version 22).
    Results
    The carrier frequency of the H63D mutation was 20% with an allele prevalence of 12.31% in BTM patients, while in the control subjects these values were 21% and 11.75%, respectively (p>0.05 for both). The HFE C282Y gene mutation was not detected in BTM patients and only detected in the 1.5% of controls. The carriers of HFE H63D mutation had significantly higher plasma ferritin levels, iron levels and transferrin saturation levels than non-carriers (p=0.005, p=0.008, p=0.042, respectively). Moreover, no significant differences were observed regarding the mean volume of transfused blood and splenectomy rate between BTM patients with and without HFE H63D mutation.
    Conclusion
    The present study demonstrated HFE H63D mutation as a significant contributing factor for iron overload in BTM patients. However, the genotype and allele distribution of HFE H63D and C282Y mutations didn’t differ significantly between the two groups.
    Keywords: Beta-Thalassemia, C282Y, H63D, Hemochromatosis, HFE Mutation
  • Dr Sahar Emami, Dr Ali Olfati Olfati Pages 163-169
    Background
    Microalgae are known to have beneficial effects on health. On the other hand, studies have reported negative effects of diabetes on hematological parameters. Effects of Spirulina platensis (SP) and Chlorella vulgaris (CV) microalgae, singly and combined, on hematological parameters in diabetic rats are not still studied. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of SP and CV microalgae on hematological parameters in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
    Materials And Methods
    This interventional study was conducted in Tabriz University of Medical Science between October and November 2016. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal administration of Streptozotocin. Thirty-six Wistar rats were treated with CV, SP and their combination for 28 days. Two groups including diabetic control and healthy control were also considered. Blood samples were collected to investigate the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count, lymphocytes, neutrophils, plasma iron and selenium and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in erythrocytes at 14 and 28 days of trial.
    Results
    Results showed that dietary supplementing of CV and SP microalgae, alone and combination form, could increase the reduced levels of RBC, WBC, platelet, PCV, GPx activity, and selenium in diabetic rats on 28 days (P
    Conclusion
    It can be concluded that dietary supplementing of CV and SP microalgae, especially combined form, may partly improve deleterious effects of diabetes on hematological parameters.
    Keywords: Diabetic rat, Hematologic parameters, Microalgae
  • Dr Akbar Hashemi Tayer, Dr Naser Amirizadeh, Dr Mahtab Mghsodlu, Dr Mahin Nikogoftar, Dr Mohammad Reza Deyhim, Minoo Ahmadinejad Pages 170-178
    Background
    Red blood cells (RBCs) undergo biochemical and morphologic alterations during storage that are known as the storage lesions causing decreased RBC quality and are correlated with transfusion reactions in certain groups especially in infants and critically ill patients. Microvesicles (MVs) as one of storage lesions may be derived from various cell types and have key roles in several biological processes. The aim of the study was to evaluate various storage quality measures in RBC concentrates during storage under blood bank condition.
    Materials And Methods
    In this descriptive study, twenty leuko-depleted packed RBCs bags from healthy donors were prepared and stored at 4°C for up to 42 days. Samples were withdrawn at seven different times and evaluated for various hematological, biochemical, and hemolysis measures. In addition, red blood cell microvesicles (RBC-MVs) were separated and characterized based on the expression of Glycophorin A (Gly.A) antigen.
    Results
    The assessment of RBCs during cold storage showed significant increase in hemolysis rate, hematocrit (Hct), free hemoglobin, plasma potassium, and plasma lactate (p
    Conclusion
    Storage of RBC was associated with important changes which influence biochemical parameters, hemolysis, and microvesiculation process that generally affected the product quality and may contribute to the negative post-transfusion outcome.
    Keywords: Glycophorin, Leuko-depleted, Microvesicle, Red blood cell, Storage lesion
  • Dr Fatemeh Pourrajab, Dr Parisa I. Yazdani Elahabad, Dr Seyedhossein Hekmatimoghaddam Pages 179-191
    Natural killer (NK) cells are effector cells of the innate immune system that exert direct cytotoxic functions. Ubiquitously-expressed toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been recognized as one of the major components promoting dendritic cell (DC) maturation, which may induce polarized immune responses beneficial to cancer immunotherapy. TLR-activated NK cells and DCs are prerequisite for robust activation of the innate immune system against tumors. Recently, some medical research and clinical trials have proposed NK cells as a new therapy and potential strategy in both children and adults with those cancers which cannot be cured with the usual treatment modalities. As an example, the importance of DC/NK antitumor immunity in the outcome of breast and other cancers is recently recognized. Therefore, considering strategies which exploit TLR-mediated immunity in concordance with DC/NK system holds strong potential for cancer therapy. This review addresses the current knowledge about the potential role of TLR in tumor immunotherapy.
    Keywords: Dendritic Cell, Immune System, Natural Killer Cell, Toll-like Receptor, Tumor
  • Dr Fatemeh Tabatabaei, Dr Mohammad Reza Sharif, Dr Nahid Reisi Pages 192-196
    Background
    Unilateral tumors or masses of the adrenal gland are common. They are categorized as either functional (hormone-secreting) or silent and as either benign or malignant. Adrenocortical tumors are rare in childhood, with an incidence of 0.3-0.5 cases per one million child-years. Almost half of childhood tumors are adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC). Most ACCs are sporadic, but specialy in children, some occur as a component of hereditary cancer syndromes. The most common presenting symptom occurring in 50-80% in children with ACC is virilization; overall, survival is poor for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). The prognosis in children who have adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) appears to be better than that of adults, at least for early-stage disease. Residual or metastatic disease carries a poor prognosis. Complete resection is required for cure.
    Case Presentation
    The patient is a 8 years old girl presented progressive virilizing symptoms including deepening of the voice, clitoromegaly , growth acceleration, acne and premature pubic and axillary hair development before 8 years old.
    Conclusion
    The clinical, biochemical, histological features along with differential diagnosis are discussed. This case is presented because of its rarity.This case study report a rare case and also to highlight the importance of differentiating ACC from an adenoma particularly in pediatric patients.
    Keywords: Adenoma, Adrenocortical Carcinoma, Child Virilization