فهرست مطالب

Occupational and Environmental Medicine - Volume:9 Issue: 2, Apr 2018

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Volume:9 Issue: 2, Apr 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/02/04
  • تعداد عناوین: 9
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  • Farrokh Habibzadeh * Pages 61-62
  • Hala Marawan Gabr, Aziza Saad El-Badry, Faten Ezzelarab Younis Pages 63-68
    Background
    Health care workers are at high risk of job-related blood-borne diseases due to needlestick injuries (NSIs).
    Objective
    To assess the risk factors associated with NSIs among health care workers in Menoufia governorate, Egypt.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study was conducted on 2260 health care workers of 4 randomly chosen hospitals in Menoufia governorate. Using a predesigned data collection sheet, all staff members were asked about the occurrence of NSIs in the previous 3 months. The response rate was 95.3%. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the factors associated with NSIs.
    Results
    The risk of NSIs significantly increased with duration of work 12 hours (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.17 to 4.44).
    Conclusion
    The risk of NSIs is still high among health care workers that underlines the importance of comprehensive educational sessions to decrease the risk of job-related blood-borne diseases.
    Keywords: Needlestick injuries, Occupational exposure, Health personnel, Personal protective equipment, Blood, borne pathogens
  • Nur Azma Amin, Kia Fatt Quek, Jennifer Anne Oxley, Rahim Noah, Rusli Nordin Pages 69-78
    Background
    Emotional distress is becoming a great concern and is more common in both developed and developing countries. It is associated with several disease conditions.
    Objective
    To determine the prevalence of self-perceived emotional distress and its relation to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) in nurses.
    Methods
    A self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out on 660 female nurses working in public hospitals in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. The validated Malay version of the standardized Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (M-SNMQ) was used to identify the annual prevalence of WRMSDs; perceived emotional distress was assessed using the validated Malay short version, depression, anxiety, and stress (M-DASS) instrument. In addition, socio-demographic and occupational profiles of the participants were considered. Factors associated with WRMSDs were identified using logistic regression analysis.
    Results
    A total of 376 nurses completed the survey (response rate 83.3%). 73.1% of the nursing staffs experienced WRMSDs in at least one anatomical site 12 months prior to the study. 75% of nurses expressed emotional distress. Of these, over half also reported anxiety and stress. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that stress and anxiety significantly increased the risk of WRMSDs by approximately twofold.
    Conclusion
    There were significant associations between emotional distress and WRMSDs. Future longitudinal studies are therefore needed to investigate and identify the sources of emotional distress (non-occupational and occupational) to be used to establish preventive strategies to reduce the risk of WRMSDs.
    Keywords: Stress, psychological, Musculoskeletal diseases, Occupational diseases, Nurses, Malaysia
  • Amrin Shaikh, Darshana Barot, Divya Chandel Pages 79-87
    Background
    Petrol pump workers are occupationally exposed to gasoline and its fumes consisting of several mutagenic chemicals.
    Objective
    To evaluate the genotoxic effects of exposure to gasoline fumes on petrol pump workers.
    Methods
    The study groups included 70 petrol pump workers (exposed group) and 70 healthy age-matched individuals with no known exposure (comparison group). Buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCyt) was performed to check the genotoxicity caused due to inhalation of gasoline fumes.
    Results
    The frequencies of micronucleated cells, nuclear bud, condensed chromatin cells, karyorrhectic cells, pyknotic cells, and karyolytic cells were significantly higher in the exposed workers compared to the comparison group.
    Conclusion
    Exposure to gasoline fumes is associated with increased frequency of cell abnormalities. This may lead to various health consequences including cancer in those occupationally exposed to gasoline fumes.
    Keywords: Gasoline, Occupational exposure, Mouth, DNA damage, Micronucleus tests, Biomarkers
  • Aziah Binti Daud, Nik Mohd Hafiz Mohd Fuzi, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan Mohammad, Fairuz Amran, Nabilah Ismail, Mohd Mokhtar Arshad, Suratan Kamarudin Pages 88-96
    Background
    Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis and its occurrence has been reported to be rising globally. The environment plays an important role in the survival of Leptospira and determines the risk of infection. Those who were exposed to and had contact with contaminated environment through their occupational, recreational and other activities can be infected with the organism.
    Objective
    To determine the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among cattle farmers, prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira, and the workplace environmental risk factors for leptospirosis among cattle farmers in northeastern Malaysia.
    Methods
    A cross-sectional study involving 120 cattle farmers was conducted. The participants answered an interviewer-guided questionnaire that consisted of sociodemographic and workplace environment characteristics questionnaire, before having their blood sample taken for microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Seropositivity was determined using a cut-off titer of ≥1:100. 248 environmental samples were also collected from the cattle farms for polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
    Results
    The overall seroprevalence of leptospiral antibodies was 72.5% (95% CI 63.5% to 80.1%) and the prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira in the cattle farms environment was 12.1% (95% CI 8.4% to 17.0%). The independent factors associated with seropositivity of leptospirosis among cattle farmers were positive pathogenic Leptospira in the environment (Adj OR 5.90, 95% CI 1.34 to 26.01) and presence of garbage dumping in the farm (Adj OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.02 to 5.65).
    Conclusion
    Preventing leptospirosis incidence among cattle farmers necessitates changes in work environment. Identifying modifiable factors may also contribute to the reduction of infection.
    Keywords: Leptospirosis, Environment, Risk factors, Agglutination test, Seroepidemiologic studies, Cattle
  • Xiaotong Ding, Yajuan Yang, Dan Su, Ting Zhang, Lunlan Li, Huiping Li Pages 97-105
    Background
    Low job satisfaction is the most common cause of nurse's turnover and influences the quality of nursing service. Moreover, we have no idea regarding whether job control, as an individual factor, can play a role in the relationship.
    Objective
    To explore the relationship between work-family conflict and job satisfaction among Chinese registered nurses and the mediating role of job control in this relationship.
    Methods
    From August 2015 to November 2016, 487 Chinese registered nurses completed a survey. The study used work-family conflict scale, job control scale, job satisfaction scale, as well as general information. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the independent factors of job satisfaction. Structural equation model was used to explore the mediating role of job control.
    Results
    Work-family conflict was negatively correlated with job satisfaction (r ‑0.432, p
    Conclusion
    Work-family conflict affected job satisfaction and job control was a mediator in this relationship among Chinese registered nurses. Job control could potentially improve nurse's job satisfaction.
    Keywords: Nurses, Occupational stress, Workplace, Family, Job satisfaction, China
  • Wadim Strielkowski * Pages 108-110
  • Pages 111-112