فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
پیاپی 14 (پاییز 1392)

Issue urban services are such important issues that affect different aspects of urban affairs. Health care is an example of the necessity of proper access to them and is essential for all people. The decision to locate health services - including health care services and pharmacies not only in terms of costs to users but also determining the spatial distribution of demand for residential development in the city is important and has a noticeable effect. In this study، we aimed to assess the shortage of pharmacies in the city، the geographical distribution and the optimal location of the centers of academic standards and regulations. The possibilities of using GIS and analyzing data to determine the radius of each performance standard pharmacy، we use the Polygon Tissen and finally the overlap index to locate the best urban spaces to build a store in the city. In this study، spatial data obtained from digital maps and descriptive data using statistical and field research were collected. Then، for each of the factors in locating pharmacies layers were determined and relevant and applicable margin in each layer; then the effect of each criterion and paired comparisons method for software AHP and Expert Choice، was calculated by weight layer. Finally، taking advantage of the results of combine data layers، suitable site for the construction of urban areas arranged pharmacies were classified into 5 categories from OK to very poor. The results show that the current distribution of pharmacies in the study area is not proportional to the population distribution and most pharmacies are concentrated in the central parts of the region and are influenced by the distribution pattern of practitioners’ buildings. Besides the locations of pharmacies improve the access to services and reduce the cost and time of people.

Deformity and instability in settlement and habitation although rooted in our country but its appearance in informal settlements forms and illegal settlements is product of new urbanization condition in our country so that included more than 50 percent low-income urban residents and 20 percent of middle-income countries. This phenomenon is common to current practices in the decade beginning in 1941 until late 1971; during its growth has relatively high intensity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the formation of informal settlements in Islamabad and also assessment of demolition and clearance policy results after the first two decades of this plan. Research type is applied research and methods are analytical and descriptive، data collection performed by library، documentary and field also for shows of implementation plan، satellite imagery was used in this research. The results indicate that informal settlements in case study area embodied since 1932 with sign Moradab hill as pasture in Bylqan condominium village with rural influx of immigrants، since 1968 with announcing this hill as national land by Department of Natural Resources this area is prone to formation of informal settlement. the demolition and clearance plan in this area has been started from 1995 for 72 hectares and till end of 2012 more than 3978 housing unit cleared that 715 units is related to first decade and 3182 units in second decade. Over 17 years from the start of project 14،512 people till 2001 and 15،056 in the second decade and totally 29،568 people have been moved from Islamabad area.

Depending on the cities of Fars province to farming، any drastic changes in their system of urban hierarchy refer to agriculture and climate change، but what is noteworthy that the urban hierarchy in Fars province is not affected by agriculture and climate factors. Political factors; including choosing the center of the city (Noorabad & Lamerd) and economic factors in the allocation of resources to the cities (the use of growth poles)، are the main causes of disorganization and evolution of hierarchical urban system of Fars province. This study is trying to use first urban indicators، entropy coefficient، Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient and calculate Hrfyndal indicator with the use of result of Population and Housing census during 1966 to 2011، the urban hierarchy and network developments Fars be investigated. Results indicate imbalances and discordance in the urban hierarchy of Fars Province، the absence of any city to second-class population and reduction of distance between first town and downstream.

Residential environment and its selection process are the main issues in studies of urban planning. Uncertainty and complexity of human behavior، both citizens and decision-makers، will effect on the selection process. Recently، economic valuation methods have been used to study the factors and reproductive rules affecting the choice of residents. In this regard، the choice experiment method (CEM) has steadily gained ground. Over more than three decades has passed since the advent and widespread use of CEM. However، in our country، this method has received less attention. This paper introduces the application of the CEM in the study of urban residential environment. The results of this study show that CEM can measure the environmental values. But، these values have been less considered in urban projects. Some of the advantages of using this method include: identifying and ranking environmental values، measuring willingness to pay (WTP)، assessing policies، and providing recommendations to improve existing situation.

The purpose of this study was to see prosaically behaviors and affecting the five factors of personality on youth''s prosaically behaviors in Isfahan. For، 520 young males and females living in Esfahan were selected through Probability proportional to size cluster sampling method. The data was collected through NEO-FFI and Prosaically Tendencies Measure Revised. Data was analyzed by factor analysis، regression and structural equation modeling. The results showed that youth''s prosaically behaviors was more than average (M= 80. 6). They got the highest score on the subscale of anonymous prosaically behaviors (M= 23. 6) and emotional prosaically behaviors (M= 21. 5). However، they got the lowest score on the subscale of public prosaically behaviors (M= 6. 7). In addition، the results of structural equation modeling showed that affecting extraversion، openness، conscientiousness and agreeableness of personality on prosaically behaviors was positive and significant (P<0. 01).

Regional planning is considered to be and development program aimed at reducing regional disparities important issue in developing countries. Identifying and analyzing the areas situation in environmental، economic، social and cultural development fields is the first step in regional development planning process. This action specifies bottlenecks and limitations of regions and then we can resolve them، in other words، it is necessary to identify regions position in the relevant sections and ranking their benefit level from the blessings development in order to allocate funds and resources among different regions. The present paper has been prepared by analytical- descriptive method and with the aim of determining the degree of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari city’s development level. In this study، ranking and extent of disparities in the province’s cities were examined based on 11 different indicators in the center of 50 variables in 2006 (with emphasis on economic، social and physical indicators) using planning quantitative models including multi-criteria decision making technique of TOPSIS and AHP weighting of indicators. Results of this study suggest that the Shahr-e Kord and Boroujen with 5721% and 5062% respectively are at the Access level، Ardal، Farsan and Kuhrang cities with 3838%، 3644% and 3071% respectively are at semi Access level and Lordegan city with 2042% is at the lack of Access level. The findings show that the importance of the decentralized planning based on resources and constraints is inevitable necessity in order to achieve a balanced and integrated regional development and progress.

Urban Land use pattern showing distribution and form of urban land uses. This pattern have important role on dispersion of air pollutants and air quality in urban environment. Impact of this pattern on pollutants dispersion is on two-way: - define pollutants source location such as residential، industrial، roads and …. - Impact urban travels that influence pollutants with traffic origin. The main purpose that this research seeking is evaluate urban land use pattern on urban pollutants concentration of Tehran city with spatial and statics methods. Tehran Urban air pollutants data (include CO، NO2، O3، SO2 and PM10) in 2010 select as dependent variables and urban land use pattern Indexes (by RFAGSTATS software)، urban roads length and open spaces were choice as independent variables. We use buffering system for extracting independent variables. This method use in land use regression model. Then we evaluate correlation coefficient between dependent and independent variables. Results showing that highest correlation coefficient exist between NO2 concentration and major urban roads length in 1000 metric buffers. NO2 has strong correlation coefficient with land use pattern indexes in contrast other studied pollutants. Reason for strong relation between NO2 concentration and land use pattern indexes is high dependence of NO2 on roads traffic that came from land use pattern. Other pollutant (CO، PM10 and SO2 (have moderate correlation with land use pattern on 1000 metric buffer. O3 because of different formation and interaction process has different correlation coefficient in contrast of other pollutant.