فهرست مطالب

مهندسی ترافیک - پیاپی 63 (زمستان 1394)

نشریه مهندسی ترافیک
پیاپی 63 (زمستان 1394)

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/11/20
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Ali Footohi, Omid Afsahi, Mohammad Hossein Nowroozi Page 5
    Analyzing the different policies in transportation planning requires estimation of the effects of policies. One of the most important parts in the process of estimating travel demand, is trip distribution. The conventional approach for distribution of trips in the four-step process is using of traditional distribution models like Frater or Gravity Methods. Traditional trip distribution models have limitations. Therefore discrete choice models have been considered in many researches. In this study destination choice models have been calibrated for trips with different purposes for city of Tehran. Finally we conclude that using calibrated models in Tehran’s travel demand prediction models, without doing the necessary comparison with the current model has not priority.
    Keywords: Destination Choice models, Trip Distribution, Discrete Choice
  • Ehsan Yahyazadeh, Professor Manouchehr Vaziri, Salar Sadeghi, Vahid Rezaei Page 15
    Maneuver and reaction time of lane changing is one of the most important in drivers decision sight distance. This maneuver is defined as C, E and D maneuvers in AASHTO. This research puts effort in gaining values of maneuver and reaction times of lane changing for bus drivers based on road and drivers characteristics. For this goal, some bus drivers have been taken under a virtual test which was designed using bus driving simulator appliance developed in K.N.Toosi University of Technology. The results have shown that maneuver and reaction times of lane changing in urban roads are higher than rural ones. Also the amount of track information perceived by the driver has not significant effect on drivers maneuver and reaction times of lane changing. Moreover, experienced drivers acted better than inexperienced ones. In addition, those were more knowledgeable had a higher perception of unpredicted occurrences and were capable of analyzing information more swiftly.
    Keywords: Geometric Design, Decision Sight Distance, Lane Changing Maneuver, Maneuver, Reaction Time, Driving Simulator, Bus Driving
  • Yaser Hatamzadeh, Ali Khodaii, Meeghat Habibian Page 22
    An increase in motorized trips and a decline in individuals’ physical activity have become a major concern for many communities. Recently, this issue has led many local and regional authorities to promote non-motorized travel including walking and bicycling in urban areas. Among different trip purposes, school trips have captured significant attention in both public and academic viewpoints. This is, understandably, due to the priority that societies and policy-makers, specifically, give to the children. However, research on different age groups remains limited suggesting the need to develop models of walking travel behavior that are segmented by age groups. This research investigated and compared walking behaviors in three age groups including elementary, middle and high school students in Rasht, Guilan. A series of behavioral choice models are introduced using a range of explanatory variables including individual, household, travel, and environmental variables. Results show that males are more interested to walk in all age groups. Also individual who has a car in his/her household is less motivated to walk. Time of day was also found effective on decision to walk in elementary and middle aged students. Another significant factor is the travel distance which diversely affects walking in all models. A number of variables are also discussed in the article and some issues are suggested for future research.
    Keywords: Walking Mode Choice, Effective factor, School Trips
  • Ali Tavakoli Kashani, Hamzeh Mansouri Kargar Page 30
    Driving behavior is one of the most important issues affecting traffic safety and traffic accident rate. This study attempts to identify the driving behavior of of public transit drivers and the factors influencing it. The sample studied in this research is bus drivers of UBCT 7th zone of Tehran. Research method and the data collection in this study is questionnaire survey that is collected using individual interviews with 242 drivers. The results obtained show that the presence of a statistically significant relationship between violations and errors of bus drivers. The results showed that by increasing driving experience, the average errors of bus drivers decreased, but average violation has increasing trend. Driving experience study also revealed that drivers experienced more than 20 years has averagely fewer errors and more violations. Furthermore, the results indicate that the driving license type of bus drivers (Paye Yek and Karte Shahri ), is affecting their driving behavior that drivers having Paye Yek, have fewer errors, but more violations than bus drivers having Karte Shahri.
    Keywords: Driving Behavior, Bus Drivers, Violations, Errors
  • Hmaid Behbahani, Arash Yazdanpoor, Benyamin Ghoreishi Page 39
    Safety is a fundamental and important measure in traffic engineering, continually tried to improve it by investigations to decrease the number of crashes. Having these many parameters in mind, it would be management difficulty to prioritize them logically. To do this, it is necessary to know how these parameters affect the number of crashes; one can use the previous and future investigations to evaluate them. Considering the lack of these data in Iran, the experts’ choices were collected for this research. As a quantitative criterion must be used, the Crush Modifying Factor (CMF) was used to represent the collected ideas. It is an index of the frequency of the crashes happened in a road in different situations. The outcome is using both quantitative and qualitative criteria together to prioritize the road parameters resulting safety betterment in TOPSIS method.
    Keywords: Prioritization, Safety, Crash Modification Factor (CMF), TOPSIS Method
  • Parisa Sadat Mirjafari, Amin Ahmadi, Saeed Dalirpour Page 51
    This paper estimates occupational mode choice model for city of Tehran with the aim of applying urban management policies. The present mode choice models in the travel demand prediction process do not include any pricing policy. This paper estimates these models with the use of stated preferences data for policies such as, parking, fuel and cordon pricing and public transportation fare. This paper shows that the cordon pricing affects the reduction in the percents of travelers who choose auto in their daily trips more than other policies.
    Keywords: Mode Choice Model, Management Policies, Travel Demand Models
  • Seyyed Mohammad Mehdi Mirzaei, Ammar Saeidian Far Page 58
    A network model is developed for optimizing system of vacant and occupied taxis in urban network for modifying level of service. The mentioned model can determine performance of system in equilibrium situation such as: movement of vacant taxis, taxi utilization for urban network and the passengers, origin-destination demand pattern. The model offers some interesting results in the equilibrium situation of taxi services and expresses some useful policies for decision makers. The results show that not only the average taxis performance and utilization is decreased significantly by the number of active taxis but also the growth of the taxis utilization has direct effect on increasing passengers, waiting time.
    Keywords: Network Model, Taxi Movements, Level of Service, Taxi Utilization