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Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine - Volume:7 Issue: 6, Oct 2017

Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Volume:7 Issue: 6, Oct 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/08/15
  • تعداد عناوین: 9
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  • Nayereh Asadi, Nourossadat Kariman *, Faraz Mojab, Mohammad Amin Pourhoseingholi Pages 477-485
    Objective
    Painful nipple fissure is a troublesome problem for breastfeeding mothers. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of saqez (Pistacia atlantica) ointment on the improvement of nipple fissure in breastfeeding women during one-month follow-up.
    Materials And Methods
    This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 100 eligible women who visited the selected health centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, from July 2015 to December 2015 during their postpartum period. A total of 100 subjects were randomly divided into two equal groups of 50 women grouped as saqez ointment group and breast milk group, and followed-up for one month. Both groups received face-to-face instructions on breastfeeding techniques. For severity of nipple fissure, Storr scale and to measure the intensity of pain, visual analog scale (VAS) were used.
    Results
    The results showed that the two groups were matched in terms of demographic and obstetric characteristics. Mean of nipple fissure severity in ointment group (42.62) was lower than that of the control group (48.02), that was significantly different between the two groups (p=0.047). In addition, Mean nipple pain intensity in ointment group (40.57) was lower than that of the control group (49.81), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.056).
    Conclusion
    The present study showed that saqez ointment was more effective than breast milk in healing and controlling nipple fissures during one-month follow-up, without resulting in any side effects.
    Keywords: Nipple fissure, Pain, sagez ointment, Pistacia atlantica, breast milk
  • Fatemeh Atarzadeh, Amir Mohammad Jaladat *, Babak Daneshfard, Ladan Dastgheib, Mohammad Kamalinejad, Gholamreza Amin Pages 486-494
    Objective
    As a rare autoimmune disease, pemphigus vulgaris has a poor prognosis especially in lack of proper medical support. This blistering disease involves both the skin and mucus membranes. The challenge is improving the healing process of skin lesions of which, superimposed infections are among the main causes of the disease mortality. Accordingly, we aimed to assess the treatment options suggested by traditional Persian medicine (TPM) and compare them with current findings.
    Materials And Methods
    We studied the main clinical and pharmaceutical textbooks of TPM (Kitāb al-hāwīfī al-tibb, the Canon of Medicine, Eksir-e-Aazam, Tuhfat al-muminīn, Makhzan al-adviyah (focusing on the skin chapter and respective herbal remedies for the inflamed skin and ulcers. Additionally, scientific databases such as PubMed, Science direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for the current pharmacological evidence. In the studied books, the term “hot ulcers” was found close to what is known as “Pemphigus vulgaris”.
    Results
    Reported medicinal herbs possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, wound healing, and antibacterial activities reported by recent studies. Therefore, they could be introduced as novel natural remedies for pemphigoid wounds.
    Conclusion
    Taken as a whole, the review of traditional remedies for hot ulcers in Persian medical and pharmaceutical literature may open a new window toward developing new topical treatments for this disease.
    Keywords: Pemphigus vulgaris, Traditional Persian Medicine, Herbal remedies
  • Aditya Jielella Reddy, Ashok Kumar Dubey *, Shailendra Handu, Sachin Manocha, Pramod Kumari Mediratta, Qazi Ahmed Mushtaq Pages 495-501
    Objective
    The Musa sapientum (banana) plant extract has shown antioxidant activity in previous studies. Oxidative stress is one of the important factors implicated in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders. The present study aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of aqueous extract of M. sapientum stem (MSSE) in experimental models in mice.
    Material and
    Methods
    Elevated Plus Maze method and locomotor monitoring by photoactometer were used. Animals were divided into five different groups (n=6/group). The vehicle, standard and the experimental groups were given distilled water (10 ml/kg), diazepam (1 mg /kg intraperitoneally) and incremental doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg of MSSE, respectively, prior to the experiment. The standard group received diazepam.
    Results
    The number of open arm entries and the duration of time spent in the open arms in the MSSE-treated groups increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner as compared to that of control group. The duration of time spent in closed arms in the MSSE-treated groups decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner as compared to that of the control group. MSSE also decreased the locomotor activity significantly at all three test doses.
    Conclusion
    The results of this study suggest an anxiolytic activity for MSSE, which make it a potential natural compound for treatment of anxiety disorders.
    Keywords: Musa sapientum, Anxiety, Oxidative stress, Elevated plus maze, Mice
  • Fereshteh Asgharzadeh, Rahimeh Bargi, Farimah Beheshti, Seyed Mahmoud Hosseini, Mehdi Farzadnia, Majid Khazaei * Pages 502-510
    Objective
    Liver fibrosis is the primary sign of chronic liver injury induced by various causes. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major ingredient of Nigella sativa with several beneficial effects on the body. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of TQ on liver fibrosis in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in male rats.
    Materials And Methods
    Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10 in each group) as follow: (1) control; (2) LPS (1 mg/kg/day; i.p); (3) LPS 2 mg/kg/day (i.p) (LPs䴍); (4) LPS 5 mg/kg/day (LPS䴎); (5) LPS TQ 10 mg/kg/day (LPS TQ10). After three weeks, blood samples were taken for evaluation of liver function tests. Then, the livers were harvested for histological evaluation of fibrosis and collagen content and measurement of oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), total thiol groups, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity in tissue homogenates.
    Results
    LPS group showed higher levels of fibrosis and collagen content stained by Masson’s trichrome in liver tissue with impaired liver function test and increased oxidative stress markers (p
    Conclusion
    Treatment by TQ restores inflammation-induced liver fibrosis possibly through affecting oxidative stress status. It seems that administration of TQ can be considered as a part of liver fibrosis management.
    Keywords: Inflammation, Thymoquinone, Liver, Fibrosis
  • Sahar Rahimi, Hojjatollah Alaie, Parham Reisi, Zahra Siahmard, Behzad Zolfaghari, Aliasghar Pourshanazari * Pages 511-518
    Objective
    Hard envelope of date palm pollen is used as a sedative and calmative compounds in Iranian traditional medicine. We tried to study the effects of Phoenix dactylifera (Tarooneh) extract on sleep time and Brian waves.
    Materials And Methods
    Rats were divided into control and test groups in sleep experiment. Control groups included intact group (without any injection), negative control group (saline) and positive control group (midazolam 0.1 mg/kg). Test groups received three doses of Tarooneh extract (62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg). Rat were placed in sleep physiograph system and recording started 20 min after 2-hr calming down. Four parameters including sleep time, awakening, most activity period and main sleep time interval were measured. In EEG experiment electrodes were placed under the cranium for EEG recording and waves were compared with their baselines.
    Results
    All doses of the extract increased sleeping time (p
    Conclusion
    Due to these effect on sleeping time and EEG, Tarooneh extract consumption can be useful as a sedative agent in Iranian traditional medicine. According to this study, the doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg of the extract would be the appropriate doses to be further studied.
    Keywords: insomnia, Sleep, EEG, Tarooneh
  • Mohammad-Taghi Moradi, Ali Karimi *, Fatemeh Fotouhi, Soleiman Kheiri, Ali Torabi Pages 519-530
    Objective
    Influenza A virus infections are still a major health problem and the choices available for the control and treatment of the disease are limited. This research evaluated in vitro and in vivo antiviral effects of Peganum harmala L. seeds (PHS) extract against influenza A virus.
    Materials And Methods
    In this research, in vitro anti-influenza A virus activity of the extract was assessed in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. In order to evaluate anti-influenza activity of PHS extract in vivo, BALB/c mice were infected with 5LD50 of mouse-adapted influenza virus (H1N1; PR8) and received 200 mg/kg/day of PHS extract or 20 mg/kg/day oseltamivir. Lungs of seven mice per group were removed on day 3 post-infection and lung virus titers were determined by qRT-PCR. Mice survival, body weights and general conditions were observed for up to 14 days post-infection.
    Results
    The results demonstrated that, the ethanolic extract of PHS possesses high activity against influenza virus with IC50 value of 15.7 (CI95%:11.7-21) μg/ml in MDCK cells. Our results also showed that, oral administration of PHS extract (200 mg/kg/day) or oseltamivir (20 mg/kg/day) to infected mice, increased the survival rate, reduced body weight loss, and decreased lung virus titer.
    Conclusion
    Based on our findings, P. harmala seeds extract can inhibit influenza A virus replication in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, isolation and characterization of the plant’s active compounds and investigation of the underlying mechanisms of its antiviral action are highly suggested.
    Keywords: Influenza A virus_Antiviral activity_Peganum harmala L
  • Azam Alavinezhad, Mahdiyeh Hedayati, Mohammad Hossein Boskabady* Pages 531-541
    Objective
    The preventive effect of Zataria multiflora in animal models of asthma has been reported. In the present study, its effect on wheezing, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and plasma nitrite (NO2-) in asthmatic patients was studied.
    Materials And Methods
    In this study, forty asthmatic patients including 15 males and 25 females (aged 45.8±6.21 years) were randomly allocated in four groups including placebo group (P), and three treatment groups which received two doses of Z. multiflora (groups Z low and Z high that received 5 and 10 mg/kg/day, respectively) and carvacrol (group C treated with 1.2 mg/kg/day). All patients were treated for two months in a double-blind manner. At three time points (before starting the treatment (pretreatment), and one and two month after treatment), wheezing during day and exercise, forced expiratory volume in 1 second and NO2- were measured.
    Results
    Day wheeze and exercise wheeze were significantly reduced in treated groups with carvacrol and both doses of Z. multiflora compared to pretreatment (p1% was significantly increased in treated groups with carvacrol and both doses of Z. multiflora (p2- was also significantly decreased in Z high and carvacrol groups after two months of treatment (p
    Conclusion
    Z. multiflora and its constituent, carvacrol, improved FEV1% while reduced wheezing and plasma level of NO2- in asthmatic patients. Therefore, a possible therapeutic potential for this plant and its constituent, carvacrol could be suggested to be used against asthma.
    Keywords: Asthma, Zataria multiflora, Carvacrol, Forced expiratory volume in one second, Wheezing, Nitrite
  • Firouzeh Gholampour *, Fatemeh Behzadi Ghiasabadi, Seyed Mohammad Owji, Jaafar Vatanparast Pages 542-553
    Objective
    Iron overload in the body is related with toxic effects and threatens the health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of hydroalcoholic extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) against ferrous sulfate-induced hepatic and renal functional disorders and histological damages in rats.
    Materials And Methods
    The rats were divided into four groups (n=7): Sham, Sham G.E (ginger extract, 400 mg/kg/day for 14 days), FS (ferrous sulfate, 30 mg/kg/day for 14 days), FS.E (ferrous sulfate, 30 mg/kg/day for 14 days; ginger extract, 400 mg/kg/day for 11 days from the fourth day of ferrous sulfate injection). After 24 hr, blood, urine and tissue samples were collected.
    Results
    Compared with Sham and Sham G.E groups, administration of ferrous sulfate resulted in liver and kidney dysfunction as evidenced by significantly higher levels of serum hepatic markers and bilirubin, and lower levels of serum albumin, total protein, triglyceride, cholesterol and glucose, as well as lower creatinine clearance and higher fractional excretion of sodium (p
    Conclusion
    In conclusion, ginger extract appears to exert protective effects against ferrous sulfate-induced hepatic and renal toxicity by reducing lipid peroxidation and chelating iron.
    Keywords: Albumin, Ferrous Sulfate, Kidney, Lipid peroxidation, Liver, Zingiber officinale
  • Maryam Azimi, Mohammad Javad Zahedi *, Mitra Mehrabani, Haleh Tajadini, Farzaneh Zolala, Mohammad Baneshi, Rasool Choopani, Fariba Sharififar, Ali Asadipour, Mohammad Hayatbakhsh, Bijan Ahmadi Pages 554-564
    Objectives
    This study aimed at investigating the effect of Iranian traditional remedy prepared from Apium graveolens and Trachyspermum copticom (AT) on the severity and frequency of symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).
    Material and
    Methods
    In total, 150 FD patients were included in this randomized double-blind trial, based on the ROME III diagnostic criteria, and they were divided into three intervention groups namely, AT, Placebo and omeprazole. Then, severity and frequency of symptoms during this eight-week trial were measured. Obtained information was analyzed using Chi-square test and repeated measures test.
    Result
    In general, the severity and frequency of symptoms after the 4th week significantly decreased in the AT group as compared to the omeprazole and placebo groups, and continued to reduce by the end of the eighth week. General reduction of symptom severity and frequency in the omeprazole group was significantly different from the placebo group by the end of the 4th and 8th weeks. With respect to each individual symptom, AT markedly improved symptoms, such as burning, pain, early satiation, fullness, bloating, belching and nausea, as compared to placebo-treated group. Moreover, AT significantly improved symptoms, like vomiting, and nausea, except for pain, as compared to omeprazole-treated subjects.
    Conclusion
    According to the results, AT, as Iranian traditional remedy, was more effective than omeprazole and placebo in reducing the symptoms in FD patients.
    Keywords: IranianTraditional medicine, Apium Graveolens, Trachyspermum Copticom, Functional Dyspepsia