Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology
Volume:8 Issue: 2, Apr 2017

microRNAs (miRNAs) have been highlighted as potential circulating biomarkers and therapeutic targets for breast cancer (BC). miRNAs have emerged as an extremely promising new class of biomarkers. They have been demonstrated to be remarkably stable in human blood. miR-155 has more than 4 hundred predicted gene targets. The miR-155 plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of miR-155 expression in the serum of patients with breast cancer according to the molecular subtypes of BC.
90 samples were classified into different groups with respect to their immunohistochemical (IHC) characteristics: estrogen receptor (ER) positive and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positive group (Luminal A), human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2) positive group (as Luminal B), and Triple negative group (TNBC). The complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized in line with the guidelines of the Kit Company. A real-time PCR method was performed as the expression assay.
A substantial difference was observed between the phrase standard of miR-155 in patients with the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. The subtypes of Luminal A, Luminal B, and TNBC showed respectively 6 fold, 7 fold, and 14 fold increased expression (P The study found that increased mir-155 expression was significantly associated with BC. The study results showed the mir-155 expression has extremely high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of subtypes of breast tumor. Therefore, checking the serum levels of miR-155 expression in patients with breast cancer may be helpful. Yet, more studies are required to investigate this relationship.

In the majority of cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular structure changes in line with the type of disease. One of the goals of cardiac rehabilitation is the improvement of cardiac performance and reversibility of hypertrophied cardiac dimensions. The present research aimed to compare the effectiveness of various cardiac rehabilitation programs on cardiac dimensions of patients with post-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
In this semi-experimental research, among CABG patients, 40 males with cardiovascular disease after CABG operation were selected using purposeful sampling method and divided into 4 groups of 10 persons: 1) aerobic continuous training group; 2) aerobic interval resistance training group; 3) aerobic continuous resistance training group; and 4) control group. Trainings were held for eight weeks, three training sessions a week, and every session included aerobic trainings with intensity of 50% - 85% of reserved heart rate and resistance trainings with 40% - 60% of maximum repetition. One day before and one day after the training intervention, the investigated variables were measured using two-dimensional echocardiography. For statistical analysis, the multivariate variance analysis was used (P ≥ 0.05).
No significant reduction was observed in cardiac dimensions in any of the research groups (P ≤ 0.05). However, the results of the inter-group comparisons showed that there was a significant difference in ejection fraction between the various groups (P ≤ 0.05). Further investigation showed that the aerobic interval - resistance trainings would further increase the ejection fraction than the aerobic continuous trainings (P ≤ 0.05).
Although adding a resistance part to the routine cardiac rehabilitation exercises does not have a significant effect on the cardiac structure of patients with diastolic functional disorder, it can be more effective in the heart performance.

This study aimed at assessing psychometric properties of the Iranian version of child asthma self-efficacy scale.
The present study was a descriptive-survey research. The community sample included healthy and asthmatic children and adolescents, aged 8 to 18 years old from the city of Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 261 children, 61 patients referred to clinics of asthma and allergies and 200 healthy children that were selected by the random cluster sampling method. Child Asthma Self-Efficacy scale and child general self-efficacy questionnaire were used. Chronbach’s alpha coefficient, Pearson correlation, two sample t test, and confirmatory factor statistical analyses were applied.
Internal consistency for total scale score (α = 0.82), attack prevention subscale score (α = 0.704), and attack management subscale score (α = 0.70) were acceptable for this scale. Validity was demonstrated using correlation of total score and two subscales with child general self-efficacy and its academic and social subscale, indicating that all correlations were acceptable at 0.05 level. Two sample t test was used between patient sample and healthy sample that showed a significant difference between 2 subject groups. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, it seems that it is better to use total score of this questionnaire in the Iranian sample.
The results demonstrated allowable reliability and validity of the child asthma self-efficacy scale. The child asthma self-efficacy scale could be applicable in clinical trials, research, and clinical practice for more improvement and committed behavior regarding treatment regimes in children with asthma.

It is one of the students’ inalienable individual and social rights to educate in a safe and sanitary environment. Accordingly, this study sought to investigate the conditions of restrooms in Masjed Soleyman schools regarding ergonomic principles in the educational settings.
This descriptive study used a survey instrument. The population included all teachers at elementary, junior, and high schools of Masjed Soleyman in the school year 2015 - 2016, of whom 267 were selected as the sample of the study based on cluster sampling. The instrument of the study was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the observation checklist, consisting of 7 items on a 5-degree scale that quantitatively were graded from 1 to 5. The highest score and the lowest score were indicative of the most desirable and the least desirable condition of the schools’ restrooms, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency, percentile, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (univariate t-test and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test) using SPSS 21.
The results indicated that the condition of restrooms in Masjed Soleyman schools regarding ergonomic principles is unfavorable (53%). The most inappropriate conditions included non-standard floors and walls (39%), lack of air conditioning (51%), lack of electric fans and openable guarded windows (51%), and incongruity between the number of restrooms and students (52%).
In educational planning, it is of great importance to pave the way for improving the sanitary conditions at schools and paying more attention to quality rather than quantity.

Breast cancer (BC) is an illness affecting millions of women across the world. The transition from ductal carcinoma in situ to invasive ductal breast cancer is a crucial event in the progress that is still not well understood. microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been documented to play an important role in cancer development. miRNAs have been discovered to control this critical transition. The miR-155 plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. miR-155 has been implicated in developing breast cancer.
This study aimed to investigate the expression of miR-155 in the serum of patients with breast cancer, according to clinical characteristics (DCIS and IDC) of breast cancer.
60 patients referring to hospitals in Ahvaz during 2012 and 2015 were divided into 2 groups according to clinical characteristics (DCIS and IDC). miRNA was extracted, and complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized in line with the guidelines of the Kit manufacturer . A real-time PCR method was performed as the expression assay.
The mean expression level of miR-155 in DCIS group was 6.45 ± 0.545. In addition, the mean expression level of miR-155 in serum of DCI group was 40.42 ± 0.742; the difference was statistically significant (P Based on the results of this study, the serum level of miR-155 evidenced a statistically significant difference in invasive breast cancer (IDC) patients. The study results showed that checking the serum level of miR-155 expression in patients with invasive breast cancer (IDC) might be helpful.