فهرست مطالب

Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology - Volume:7 Issue: 6, Dec 2016

Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology
Volume:7 Issue: 6, Dec 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/10/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
|
  • Mohammad Hosein Baghianimoghadam, Maryam Saki *, Ebrahim Khodkar, Mehrdad Baghianimoghadam, Esmat Rahavi, Nahid Ardian Page 1
    Introduction
    The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of AIDS patients with regard to the prevention of disease transmission in Yazd and Ahvaz, Iran..
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the knowledge, attitude, and practice of 130 patients, selected via simple sampling, with regard to the prevention of disease transmission in Yazd and Ahvaz, Iran (65 cases from each city). Data were collected by researchers, using a questionnaire and a checklist. For statistical analysis, descriptive and analytical tests were performed, using SPSS version 16..
    Results
    In this study, the sample included 130 AIDS patients from Yazd and Ahvaz. Overall, 67.6% of the patients were male; on the other hand, 29.2% and 32.3% of the participants from Yazd and Ahvaz were female, respectively. As the findings revealed, 44.6% and 55.4% of the patients from Yazd and Ahvaz were married, respectively. The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice of the patients regarding the prevention of HIV transmission were 40.31 ± 3.3, 41.92 ± 8.8, and 43.28 ± 5.3 in Yazd, respectively. Also, the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice with regard to the prevention of HIV transmission were 40.68 ± 3.2.5, 42.52 ± 9.05, and 43.24 ± 6.08 among patients from Ahvaz, respectively. Overall, the results showed that the knowledge, attitude, and practice of most patients were at a medium level. Also, most of the participants from Yazd (70.8%) and Ahvaz (56.9%) had obtained information at AIDS counseling centers..
    Conclusions
    The results highlighted the need to educate patients regarding the prevention of HIV transmission..
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Knowledge, Attitude, Practice
  • Mehdi Asgari, Mohammad Hossein Sarmast Shoushtari, Mojtaba Omidvar *, Gholam Reza Shamsaie, Abdolhassan Talaiezadeh, Davood Kashipazha Page 2
    Background
    Injury to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) results in deterioration of postoperative voice performance. The aim of this study was to asses the impact of exploring and identifying the EBSLN during thyroidectomy in reducing nerve injury and consequently preserved voice performance..
    Methods
    Ninety patients, in 2 groups, underwent a thyroidectomy and a total of 122 upper poles were dissected. After 2 to 4 weeks, patients with voice complaints were evaluated by electromyography of cricothyroid muscle..
    Results
    There were 4 unilateral injuries (10%) in the explored group whereas in the non-explored group (9 unilateral and 2 bilateral) (P = 0.28), there were 11 (22%). A total of 7.4% of 54 upper thyroid poles injuries were observed in the explored group whereas 16% injuries of 68 upper thyroid poles in the non-explored group (P = 0.12)..
    Conclusions
    The injury to the EBSLN decreased when upper thyroid pole dissection was accompanied with nerve exploring. The EBSLN should be explored and identified during the thyroidectomy because it makes a noticeable change in the postoperative voice performance..
    Keywords: Laryngeal Nerves, EBSLN, Electromyography, Thyroidectomy, Voice Quality
  • Masoumeh Azizi *, Sedigheh Hosseinpour Delavar, Abdolamir Saiiari Page 3
    Background
    ApoB and apoA-I are two major apolipoproteins, which are involved in lipid transport and in the processes causing atherosclerosis. Accordingly, it is suggested that these parameters might be better than conventional lipids to prediction of cardiovascular disease (CVDs)..
    Objectives
    This study aimed to determine whether in overweight females, the percentage changes of apolipoprotein B (apoB), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), and apoB/apoA-I ratio (aporatio) were as much as the percentage changes in conventional lipids following 8 weeks of two types of exercise protocols, which was carried out from January 2014 to March 2014 in Abadan..
    Methods
    Thirty-six overweight females (aged 46 ± 5.45 years; height: 161 ± 0.48 cm; weight: 66.67 ± 5.1 kg) participant in this study and were allocated the one of the following groups, resistance group (RG, n = 12), endurance group (EG, n = 12), and control group (CG, n = 12). Prior to the start of the intervention, anthropometric measurements, body composition and blood pressure were measured in all subjects. Training groups completed an eight-week exercise program on three non-consecutive days per week. Plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apoA-I, apoB, total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured in three groups, pre-training and post-training..
    Results
    In response to the two types of protocols, SG and EG showed an increase in the mean HDL level compared to the CG (P
    Conclusions
    According to the results of the present study, apos and the aporatio are at least as good as lipids and lipid ratios. Thus, apos and the apo-ratio are suitable if they are considered as predictors of CVDs..
    Keywords: Exercise, Cardiovascular Disease, Lipoproteins
  • Mojtaba Mosavian, Dorsa Koraei * Page 4
    Background
    The emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), producing acquired carbapenemases, have created a global public health problem. Carbapenems are important therapeutic agents for the treatment of infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram negative bacteria, particularly those carrying genes for AmpC and extended-spectrum and depressed β-lactamases. Early detection of fecal CRE carriers is essential for effective infection control. The aim of this study was to detect IMP carbapenemases by phenotypic combined disk es and pcr of IMP gene in Gram-negative bacteria..
    Methods
    In this study, 600 Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates were collected and identified by standard biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using standard disk diffusion method based on guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Phenotypic identification of carbapenemases for isolates was done by the combined disk test by ertapenem and imipenem. The carbapenemase blaIMP gene was detected by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method..
    Results
    The results of this study showed that Escherichia coli (59.0 %), Enterobacter species (21.0%), and Klebsiella spp. (10.7%) were the most common clinical isolates among the Enterobacteriaceae. The highest and lowest rates of resistance towards ceftriaxone were 37 and 7.5, respectively. Out of 25 isolates, 4.1% were screened positive by the ertapenem and/or imipenem combined- disk tests. None of these 25 isolates were positive for IMP Gene..
    Conclusions
    Our results showed high resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolates to third generation cephalosporin and carbapenem antibiotics. Supervision in antibiogram tests and also prescription of susceptible antibiotics could prevent spread of carbapenem­resistant Enterobacteriaceae and the other of extended spectrum beta Lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates..
    Keywords: Antibiotic, Cephalosporins, Carbapenem, Enterobacteriaceae, PCR, Resistance
  • Omran Ahmadi, Yahya Rasoulzadeh *, Asghar Abbaspour, Pouya Sheikh Damanab, Mitra Rahimzadeh, Fatemeh Keshizadeh, Sepideh Dalili Page 5
    Background
    Individual factors are usually important as non-occupational parameters that participate in the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Personality traits are one of the individual factors that affect physical illness, which are constant over time, thereby reflecting stable individual differences. Identifying the personality trait can be used to predict musculoskeletal disorders in workers and select individual with appropriate personality traits for different works..
    Objectives
    The purpose of the present study was to identify the personality traits used to determine the relationship between different personality traits and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders..
    Methods
    136 people of 2 different companies in Tabriz (in 2015) were selected as the study population. The first group was selected from the petrochemical repair workers and the second from a dairy factory. The 50-item version of Goldberg’s big five personality scale was used to assess the personality traits. Nordic questionnaire was employed to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Chi-square test was incorporated for analyzing the data. Finally, logistic regression test was used to study the factors affecting upper and lower body pain..
    Results
    Results indicated that individual personality traits were associated with musculoskeletal disorder prevalence in some members of body: Extraversion with wrist (P-value = 0.013) and hip (P-value = 0.044), emotional stability with shoulder (P-value = 0.012), wrist (P-value = 0.043), back (P-value = 0.034), low back (P-value = 0.029) and ankle( P-value = 0.014), Conscientiousness with Hip ( P-value = 0.009), Agreeableness with shoulder (P-value = 0.004), back (P-value = 0.001), Hip ( P-value = 0.006) and ankle ( P-value = 0.019)..
    Conclusions
    According to the results of this study, the personality traits can contribute to musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, notice of personality traits can be used to predict individuals who are prone to musculoskeletal disorders. Necessary actions may be tailored for the people that are proportional to individual personality traits to prevent musculoskeletal disorders. As a further study, it is recommended that a better relationship may be revealed between personality traits and musculoskeletal disorders..
    Keywords: Personality, Musculoskeletal Disorders, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, Openness
  • Tara Azaran, Fateme Esfandiarpour, Reza Salehi, Shahin Goharpey* Page 6
    Background
    Functional ankle instability (FAI), characterized by feeling of “giving way” and instability of ankle, is the most prevalent problem following ankle sprains which causes deficits in balance and health status. However, little is known about the correlation between ankle instability measuring tools in individuals with FAI..
    Objectives
    The present study aimed at evaluating the correlation between self-reported instability with balance and health status in individuals with FAI..
    Methods
    Twenty-three patients with unilateral FAI and 23 healthy individuals participated in the present study. Ankle instability index and SF-36 questionnaire were completed by the participants; then balance error scoring system (BESS) was used to measure static balance. To compare balance and health status between the 2 groups, independent sample and Mann-Whitney tests were used; moreover, Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between the main variables..
    Results
    BESS scores in FAI group was significantly more than the control group (P 0.05). However, no significant correlation was found between the balance tests scores and the instability index..
    Conclusions
    The results of the present study suggest that the individuals with FAI had greater activity limitations and participation restrictions compared with the control group. There were deficits in balance status in FAI group. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between the ankle instability index and the subjective measures of health status..
    Keywords: Ankle Sprain, Joint Instability, Postural Balance, Health, Questionnaire
  • Afsaneh Alivand *, Maryam Aghaamiri, Gelavij Mahmoodi, Ali Akbar Mohammadi, Abdolhassan Doulah Page 7
    Background
    There are significant differences between the nature of upper and lower extremity burns. This study aimed to investigate some of these differences and their possible influences on wounds healing process caused by burns on upper and lower extremities..
    Methods
    This study included the data from 283 patients admitted to Taleghani hospital from August 2014 to August 2015. The patients were classified to two groups, namely patients with upper extremity burn and those with lower extremity burn. The length of hospitalization and mortality rate was also studied and compared to each other..
    Results
    The length of hospitalization for the female group was significantly higher than the male group (P
    Conclusions
    Considering the gender effect and mortality rate, as a prognostic factor, may be useful in clinical practice..
    Keywords: Burn, Clinical Results, Males, Females
  • Viroj Wiwanitkit * Page 8