نشریه مشاوره و روان درمانی خانواده
سال هشتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 26، پاییز و زمستان 1397)

War is an inseparable part of the social life of humans and has always existed throughout history, causing irreparable harm to various aspects of the physical, physical, and family health of human beings. The present study was to Qualitative investigation for the diagnosis of sexual dysfunction disorders and its effect on family function in Sardasht chemical bombardment injured. The present study is a qualitative phenomenological-descriptive research. And the statistical community included all those injured in Sardasht chemical bombardment, which was attacked by chemical bombing by the Ba'ath regime on June 28, 1987, the total population was 223 people (130 men and 93 women). A research sample of 60 people, including 30 men and 30 women, which were selected based on saturation during research and available sampling. Initially, a clinical interview was conducted for screening the injured, and then semi-structured interviews were conducted from sampled individuals. In the analysis of data, a colaizzi seven-step cluster pattern was used. The results show that complaints of sexual dysfunction disorders include: sexual dysfunction desire, sexual arousal disorder, orgasmic disorder, disorder distaste sexual, and genital pain disorder in both sexes in both sexes. Also complaints were erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and late ejaculation for men and complaints; sexual Intercourse pain was specific to women. In relation to family functioning complaints; failure of marriage, dissatisfaction with marital relationships, dissatisfaction with family relationships, dissatisfaction with the role of parents and unhealthy relationships with relatives and neighbors, It has been reported in a wide range of injuries. Chemical bombardment has caused widespread sexual dysfunctions and disturbances in chemical injured patients, which has had a negative and negative impact on the functioning of the injured family And faces the family foundation and family function with many challenges. Therefore, family counselors can help families and the injured person by organizing family therapy counseling sessions and workshops.

Emotionally focused couple therapy is a short-term and structured approach for treatment and improves the distressed relationship that focuses on stable interactive negative cycles which caused by deep emotional vulnerability and attempts to reduce couple’s emotional distress through intervention in emotional level, especially attachment-based emotional responses. The current study was administered aimed to investigate the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple therapy on emotional and sexual intimacy in incompatible couples. The statistical population consisted of 100 couples among couples referred to Ahvaz counseling centers (Mehravaran, Neday Zendegi, and research center of behavioral sciences of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz) during the fall of 2017. The sample research consisted of 3 couples (6 individuals) among couples referred to these counseling centers that were selectedaccording to the results of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Spanier, 1976) with cut of point of 101 and with purposeful sampling method. In this research, a single-case experimental design, type of non-concurrent multiple baseline designs was used. To evaluate the couples’ emotional and sexual intimacy, the sub-scales of emotional and sexual intimacy of Schaefer & Olson’ Scale (1981) of Personal Assessment of Intimacy were used. The protocol of emotionally focused couple therapy was carried out in three phases of basic lines, intervention of 10 weekly sessions (90 minutes each session), and two months follow-up. The data were analyzed using visual drawing, the reliable change index (RCI) and the formula of improvement percentage. The findings indicated that in the treatment phase the couples experienced 33.82% improvement in emotional intimacy and 34.88% in sexual intimacy. Therefore, the research findings illustrated that emotionally focused couple therapy is effective on the increasing of emotional and sexual intimacy of the couples under studied by changing the negative interactive cycles.

Controlling can have a serious impact on the unhealthy relationships of families, especially marital relationships. The purpose of this study was to identify the controlling methods in marital relations and making the marital controlling scale, and determine its validity and reliability in Iranian couples. The present research based on the aim of the research is a descriptive-survey research and in term of developmental research. The statistical population of the study included all married people in Mashhad in 2017 that were selected using available sampling method. 310 subjects ( F =155 and M =155) responded to marital controlling 52 questionnaire.for analyzing the data, face and content validity, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency and criterion validity were used. Data was analyzed using two SPSS-21 and Amos-24 software. Using exploratory factor analysis and using Varimax rotation, five factors were identified that the eigenvalue of each factor was higher than one. 37 questions remained that was used for confirmatory factor analysis. The structural model of marital controlling with 21 questions after exerting of assumptions and modification of the model with five factors of emotional control, control through disregarding, control through verbal violence, control through isolation and control through secrecy were confirmed. Also, the convergent validity of this scale with a subset of hegemony-obedience of the sixteenth factor of Kettle had a significant positive correlation of 0.240 (p <0.001). α=0, 933 and the Spearman-Brown and Gutman coefficients are 0.894 and 0.886, respectively, indicating that the final scale has a convergent and divergent validity and is reliable. The result of this marital control scale is five factors for Iranian couples and family and marital research in Iranian society.

Emotion focused couple Therapy and therapyIntegrative behavioral couple therapy are Integrative treatments that has a focused on the negative cycles of interaction caused from deep emotional vulnerability. The current research administrated aim to Comparison of the Effectiveness of Approaches TherapyEmotionally focused couple therapy and TherapyIntegrative behavioral couple therapy in forgiveness in Couples with marital conflict. The statistical population of the study included all couples referring to Ahvaz city Mehrvaran Psychological Clinic. The research sample was selected using purposeful sampling method, which included 6 couples (12 persons) from the Couples referred to the clinic, which according to the marital adjustment questionnaire score were distributed among the distracted couples. Non-congruent multiple baseline experimental single case study was used as the method of the present study. The emotion focused couple Therapy and TherapyIntegrative behavioral couple therapy Protocol was carried out Two to four stages of the base line of intervention, 16 session treatment of 60 minutes and 2 month follow-up by using the Marital offence-specific Forgiveness Scale(Paleari, Fincham,Regalia,2009) evaluated. Data analyzed with visuals inspection, improvement percentage and reliable change index (RCI) strategies. Results showed that emotion focused couple Therapy efficacy more than TherapyIntegrative behavioral couple therapy on the Forgiveness variables. The rate of improvement of the conflicting couples's emotion focused group in the Forgiveness variable in the post-treatment and follow-up stage was 47.14 and 48.94 and in the Integrative Behavioral group in the post-treatment and follow-up stages of 35.40 and 35.92 percent. The explanation of the findings suggests that emotion focused couple Therapy efficacy more than TherapyIntegrative behavioral couple therapy in Magnitude, Universally and stability of changes.

Recent studies have suggested a decline in mental health after the birth of a first child. Yet parents’ mental health is linked positively to wanting and to having additional children. The aim of present study was the effectiveness of Integrative Couple Therapy via Diamond method on marital harmony and parenting competence after the birth of first child in couples of Ahvaz in 2018. Three couples with single child less than 3 years were selected using purposeful sampling. Multiple baseline experimental single case study was used as the method of the present study. Integrative couple therapy via Diamond method was carried out in three phase of baseline, intervention and follow-up and participants completed the marital harmony scale and parenting competence scale. Data analyzed with visuals inspection, reliable change index (RCI) strategies and improvement percentage. The integrative couple therapy via Diamond method had significant effect in increasing of marital harmony (%26.48 improvement) and parenting competence (%30.02 improvement). Results showed that the Integrative Couple Therapy via Diamond method can be effective in transition to parenthood and family therapists can use this intervention to improve marital relationship in Iranian`s couples

Increasing the probability of getting divorce is one of the most ominous facts and most dangerous things that can really damage the health of each society. Therefore, the present study aims to identify and represent individual indicators affecting the probability of harming divorce, which in a descriptive and qualitative phenomenological method is used. The research sample includes all marriage couples referring to Khorasan Razavi Health Center and all divorce applicants referring to welfare intervention centers. Participants included 15 engaged couples, 20 couples applying for divorce, selected by targeted sampling method. The criteria for entering the study for marriage applicants were: aged 18 to 40 years old, upper secondary education, first marriage and Tend to participation in research, and in divorced applicants, in addition to the above, the duration of marital life was considered to be a maximum of 10 years. In- depth and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The interviews were collected and recorded in a 6-month period and analyzed using the seven-step strategy that resulted to analysis of 579 primary codes, 25 sub-components and 7 main components affecting the probability of harming divorce including temperament, intellectual and psychological maturity, individual skills, individual beliefs, lifestyle, personality disorders, and characteristics appearance.

Regarding the role of individual and family factors in drug dependence, this study was conducted to study the role of early maladaptive schemas and family functions in the preparation for drug dependence. The statistical population consisted of students of Islamic Azad University, Qom, in the academic year of 1995-96, which was 12050 people. Among them, 300 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling using Cochran's formula. Data collection tools consisted of prediction of addiction tendency (Wade et al, 1992), family function (Keitner et al., 1983), and early maladaptive schemas (Yang et al., 1995). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, T test, one-way variance analysis and multiple regression. The results showed that the main scales of readiness for drug dependence have significant correlation with the patterns of emancipation/ instability(r=.141 P<0,01)،dependence / incompetence (r=.143 P<0,01) and vulnerability to harm and disease(r=.174 P<0,01).family function was significantly correlated with the extent of admission to addiction(r=.178 P<0,01) And with the scale of admission to addiction and alcoholism does not have a significant correlation. The vulnerability to harm and disease and the self-sacrificing schema only accounted for 5% of the change in addiction tendency. According to the findings of the research, it is recommended that counselors and psychologists consider both variables of family functions and early maladaptive schemas in relation to prevention of drug dependence.

Breast cancer and its surgery can lead to conflicting psychological conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment training and Groups Training of Couples Coping Skills Enhancement on body dysmorphic and Subjective Well-Being in women with breast cancer. This study was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and control groups with 3 months follow-up. The study population consisted of female patients with breast cancer who referred to Isfahan's Seyed Alshohada Hospital in 2017. Among them, 45 volunteers were selected through Purposive sampling after checking the inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Experimental groups were treated for 90 minutes in 9 sessions while the control group did not reseive any treatment. The data were collected using Littleton et al Body Image Concern Inventory (2005) and Keez and Magharmo Subject Well-Being Scale (2003). The results of repeated measurements analysis showed that there was a significant difference in body dysmorphic and subjective Well-Being between experimental groups and control group. Moreover Acceptance and Commitment training was more effective than Training of Couples Coping Skills Enhancement on mental well-being (p<0.05). Findings indicate that Acceptance and Commitment training results in achievement of effective strategies for management of emotions, negative emotions, and committed action, and Training couple skills can lead to the improvement of the ability to manage disease-caused stress. The mentioned interventions not only could reduce body dysmorphic symptoms, but also could improve the Subjective Well-Being in women with breast cancer.

The purpose of this study was comparing the effectiveness of McMaster and Bowen family therapy on intimacy, cognitive emotion regulation and family function in couples who exposed to divorce. This study had a quasi-experimental method including pre-test - post-test with control group and three-month follow up. The statistical population consisted of all couples applying for divorce who referred by family court to counseling centers of Rasht city in 1396. From this community, 48 couples with the criteria for entering the research were selected through available sampling and were randomly assigned to three groups of 16 people. But due to the drop in the number of subjects, the number of people in each group reached 10. Two methods of McMaster and Bowen family therapy approaches were performed for 8 sessions of 2 hours and the control group did not receive any treatment. After completing the sessions, three groups were subjected to post-test and follow-up trials. Instruments included Walker and Thompson intimacy scale, Garnefski cognitive emotion regulation and Epstein family assessment. The results of multivariable analysis of covariance showed that McMaster and Bowen family therapy had a significant effect on intimacy, cognitive emotion regulation and family function (P <0.001). Also, the results of follow-up test showed that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of Bowen and McMaster family therapy on intimacy, cognitive emotion regulation and family function. According to the findings, considering Intimacy, cognitive emotion regulation and family functioning variables in working with couples who applying for divorce recommended to counselors and psychologists.

Establish and keeping intimate relations, is one of the significant developmental tasks in adulthood that governed by systems: attachment, caregiving, and sex. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of caregiving dimensions in relationship between attachment dimensions and sexual satisfaction in couples, during the family life cycles. In this descriptive correlational study, a sample of 244 couples (488 people) who at least one of them had academicals education, and they dwelled in Tehran in 2017, were selected by Accessible and Snowball Sampling Method from Shahid Beheshti University and marrieds’ dormitory of Shahid Beheshti, Imam Sadiq, Tarbiat Modares and Amir Kabir Universities and completed Caregiving Questionnaire (Kunce & shaver, 1994), Larson’s Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (Larson, Anderson, Holman, & Niemann, 1998), and Relationship Scales Questionnaire (Griffin & Bartholomew, 1994). The data analyzed by Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Path Analysis. The results showed different meaningful relationships (P<0.01) between sexual satisfaction, attachment dimensions and caregiving dimensions in 3 stages of family life cycles including Initiate, New Couple (without children) and Families with Young Children. Results also indicated the most significant relationships (P<0.01) in New Couples (without children) Cycle. Therefore, it can be concluded that the family life cycles can affect the relationship between attachment, caregiving, and sexual systems. Then a part of differences exists in previous findings could be explained with it. Therefore, couple therapists need to pay attention to current family life cycle in designing their interventions to improve sexual satisfaction, efficient caregiving, and secure attachment.