فصلنامه روان شناسی افراد استثنایی
پیاپی 31 (پاییز 1397)

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of group play therapy on improving interpersonal relationships and increasing social acceptance in students with hearing impairment. The present study is experimental of type pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study included all students with hearing impairment fourth, fifth and sixth grade girl students studying in the exceptional schools of Rasht city in the academic year 2015-16. The sample in this study Included 30 of these students that were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Interventional group play therapy program for 12 sessions of 45 minutes was implemented on the experimental group, while the control group did not receive such an intervention. Both groups were evaluated in pre-test and post-test with Hudson’s (1997) Peer relationships and Ford's and Robin's (1970) social acceptance questionnaires. The t-test statistical results showed a difference the mean of the pre-test with post-test of the interpersonal relationships variable. Also, the results of covariance analysis showed that group play therapy is effective on improving interpersonal relationships and increasing social acceptance of students with hearing impaired (p<0.001). Therefore, in training students with hearing impairment, playing and play therapy should be considered as one of the main axes of rehabilitation by specialists and teachers.

The present research was conducted with the purpose of comparison of marital satisfaction and mental health in relative and non-relative parents of children with mental disabilities. This research is a causal – comparative study. The statistical population of this research consisted of all relative and non-relative parents of children with mental disabilities in Shiraz, Marvdasht and Fasa in Fars state. Of the population, 50 relative parents and 100 non- relative parents of children with mental disabilities were selected based on convenience sampling.To collect the data, General Health Questionnaire-28 questions and Afrooz Marital Satisfaction Scale Revised (AMSS-R) were used. The results of analysis of t -test for independed sampels group, multivariate variance and test of pearson corelation showed that there is not a significant difference between the two groups of relative and non-relative parents of children with mental disabilities in marital satisfaction and mental health.Therfor relative and non-relative not effect on marital satisfaction and mental health in parents.

The aim of the present study was to develop a child-centered neuropsychological Earlyinterventions package and to assess its effectiveness on the performance of children with developmental cognitive delay. The research method was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with follow-up and control group. The research population consisted of 4-6 year-old children with developmental delay who were under training in kindergartens and preschool centers in Tabriz. The multistage random sampling method was employed in such a way that three regions were selected randomly and from each of them, three kindergartens and pre-school centers were randomly selected. The interventions were designed by the researchers. Then, the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-3 (WPPSI-III) was administered on children for screening, and the number of 30 students with development cognitive delays and enjoyed inclusion criteria were randomly selected and divided into two experimental and control groups. Afterwards, a 16-session child-centered neuropsychological intervention program was performed on the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS- 22. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the subjects in the experimental group and control group in terms of linguistic performance in post-test and follow up stages (P <0.05). As a result, it can be concluded that a child-centered neuropsychological interventions package has led to an increase in linguistic performance in children with developmental cognitive delays.

The purpose of this study was to Compare of Alexithymia, Self-Compassion and Humor Styles between Parents of Children with Mental Retardation and Normal Children. The research method is then causal-comparative. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population includes all parents of mentally retarded children (N = 160) and parents of normal children in Saqqez city, who were selected from among 80 parents of mentally retarded children with available method and 80 parents of normal children had the means to multistage cluster sampling method. The research instruments included emotional deficiency scales, self-compassion inventory and Humor Styles questionnaire. The analysis method is multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that there were significant differences between the parents of mentally retarded children and parents of normal children in terms of alexithymia, self-compassion and styles of humor (P≤0/01). Parents of mentally retarded children had more problems with emotional failure and self-compassion because of their child's problem and used aggressive and self-destructive humor styles toward healthy parents. Therefore, parents of mentally retarded children need more attention and support in the education and training of children.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of fine motor skills training on the the Selective attention and visual perception of Sabzevar primary school students with math disabilities in 2017. Semiexperimental pretest - posttest with control group was used for this study. 34 students with math disabilities of primary school were randomly selected and replaced in two groups (experimental group, 17 people and control group, 17 people). After conducting the pre-test, Stroop Color - Word test (1935) and Frostig Developmental test of Visual Perception (1963) were done. The experimental group received fine motor skills training during Fifteen 40 minutes sessions (Two sessions per week), and then the post-test was conducted. Data obtained were compared using covariance analysis. The results showed that fine motor skills training increases the selective attention and visual perception. Accordingly, fine motor skills training is an effective intervention program for helping primary school students with math disabilities.

The purpose of this study was to combine the results of various researches and to reach a general conclusion on the effectiveness of educational and therapeutic interventions on learning disorders and determining the role of gender and age of the subjects on the effectiveness of educational and therapeutic interventions on learning disorders; the meta-analysis method was performed. The statistical population of the present study was all available studies on the effectiveness of educational, therapeutic and psychological interventions on types of learning disabilities (including dyslexia, dysgraphia, and math disorders). After applying the entry and exit criteria, 128 research were selected as sample. Of these studies, 623 effects size were extracted and analyzed by CMA2 software. The results showed that the combined effect size of educational and therapeutic interventions on learning disabilities was significant in both fixed and random models (P≤0.001) and, based on interpretative criteria, a large amount was evaluated. Also, the results of evaporation and independent t-test showed that the effect of age and gender as moderating variables was not significant (P≤0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that educational and therapeutic interventions have very good efficacy and the variables of gender and age of the subject have no effect on the effectiveness of interventions.

This study was performed aimed to investigate the role of worry, hope and meaning of life in predicting mental health of mothers whose children were mentally disabled. The study method was descriptive and correlational. all the mothers with mental-disabled children under rehabilitation centers of welfare organization in the city of Ardabil in 2015-2016 formed the population of this study that Among them using available sampling method, 130 mothers were selected and responded to Pennsylvania worry questionnaire, Schneider adult hope questionnaire, Grumbaugh and Maholick purpose in life questionnaire and Goldberg and Hiller general health questionnaire. To analyze the data, tests of Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used. Results showed that there is a negative significant relationship between worry and its components with mental health of mothers with mental-disabled children and also there is a positive significant relationship between hope and meaning of life with mental health of mothers whose children were mentally disabled (p<0.01). Also, Results of regression analysis revealed that 0.58 percent of the total mental health variance of women with mental- disabled children was predictable based on variables of worry, hope and meaning of life. Therefore, it can be concluded that the worry, hope and meaning of life are the related variables with the mental health of mothers whose children were mentally disabled. So it can be concluded that worry, hope and meaning of life are the variables that associated with mental health of mothers whose children were mentally disabled which need planning.

This research was conducted in order to compare academic hope, academic buoyancy and academic engagement in students with learning disabilities and ordinal students. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population of the study consisted of all student with learning disabilities and ordinal students of Bousher City in the academic year 2017-2018. One hundred students were selected as the sample by using simple sampling method. To collect the data, academic hope, academic buoyancy and academic engagement scales were used. The data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results of analysis of multivariate variance (MANOVA) showed that there is a significant difference between students with and without learning disabilities in the academic hope, academic buoyancy and academic engagement (p <0/001). These results indicate that there is existence of low academic hope, academic buoyancy and academic engagement in student with learning disabilities.In this students procrastination with academic tasks and lack of positive motivation have an effective role in academic failure and consequently the continuation of this disorder. Therefore, is possible to improve educational performance and mental health of these students through training and applying appropriate educational methods. It also provide the way for all-round advancement for students in terms of academic hope, academic buoyancy and academic engagement.

The purpose of this study was to effect of theory of mind training on executive function in male students with learning disabilities. Study method was mid experimental with random design divided into two groups, with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of this research included all male students with learning disabilities in Shiraz city. The sample size was 30 male students with learning disabilities and then randomly placed in two experimental and control groups (15 students in each group). The experimental group was trained in 24 sessions of 45 minutes in Solitude. To collet data, neurological guestionnaire of coolidge ( 2002) was used. Data analysis by using covariance analysis showed that mean score of executive function and its subscale (decision making-planning, organization, inhibition) in the experiment group were significantly increased (p<0/001). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that since the majority of people with learning disabilities disorder have deficiency in executive functions, theory of mind education can be used as one of the complementary methods of treatment in these individuals