فصلنامه مدلسازی اقتصادی
سال پنجم شماره 3 (پیاپی 15، پاییز 1390)

One of the most important questions in economics is the huge differences between various societies in welfare and development level. According to the new institutional economics, institutions have a fundamental role in development and economic performance. In this paper, we, empirically, are going to investigate the link between institutions and development worldwide during 1980-2009 using dynamic panel data method. Seven ICRG and good governance indexes are used as institutions indicators. Estimation results represent that institutions have a great influence on economic growth.

This paper, by focusing on oil resources, tries to investigate the relationship between natural resources abundance and economic growth in 8 OPEC selected countries during 1970- 2008. We used Dynamic Panel Data and Static Panel Data Model for this purpose and estimated the relations by Generalized Method of Moments, Fixed Effects and Random Effects Estimator. The results represented that there is a negative relationship between oil resources abundance and economic growth in above mentioned countries.

Mixed strategy Nash equilibrium (MSNE) is a concept commonly used in Game Theory. The game between the kicker and goalkeeper in soccer penalty kicks is a real game used to examine the application of the MSNE concept or the rate of its accuracy. The data were collected on the direction of kicks and jumps in 106 penalties kicked in Premier League of Iran and the predictions of the model analyzed. The observations represented that given the probability distribution of kick direction, the optimal strategy for goalkeepers is to stay in the center of the goal; but the goalkeepers, almost always, jumped to the right or left. Finally, the “left-left” pattern is the most frequent and have the greatest number of observations.

Instability of exchange actual rate increases the risk and uncertainty, decrease of investment, shortening of investment horizon, instability of financial markets, reduction of foreign trade, allocation of the resources to the non-productive activities, reduction of industry added value and the growth of production rate and economy. By using Black Market Premium, this paper tries to evaluate the exchange rate fluctuations and its deviations during 1971-2010 due to the importance of the exchange rate variations, and then survey the negative effects of these fluctuations and deviations on the surplus value of industry.

The main objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between per capita health expenditure and per capita GDP for lower and middle income countries during 2003-2007. For this purpose, we used the Hsiaos-Granger and Toda & Yamamoto(TY) causality tests for investigating short-run relation between two variables. The results of the model estimation reveal that there is a unilateral causality from the GDP per capita to per capita health expenditure.Due to the results of this paper, the main implication policy of this study is that the policymakers and economic planners should adopt the suitable policies to improve economic growth and GDP per capita. Because, the increase of GDP per capita can be enhance the consumption expenditures and especially, health expenditures per capita.

In this Paper, a frame work integrated of Fuzzy Analytic Network and Goal Programming is developed to help the students to calculate the qualitative Performance of a university. To extract coefficients in a mathematical model, Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (Fuzzy-ANP) will be used. The method produced is able to consider a multi-objective nature for the problem. To do so, the other goals in designing such as the limitation of financial resources, technological possibilities, rate of development and Competitiveness of technical requirements are to be considered. Finally, the ideal model developed will contain the importance of technical requirements by the help of the methodology of Fuzzy Analytic Network Process, budget limitations, rate of technological possibilities, development and competition of a need as systematic boundaries to determine a part of technical requirement significant in designing. This framework is applied in Islamic Azad University Firouzkouh Branch.

This research tried to study the relation between the exports incomes of companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange and their share outputs in of petro-chemical industry. For this purpose, the information related to the above variables was collected during 1999-2008. By using econometric approaches, specially, Johnson Collective Test and Vector Error Correction Model, the reciprocal relation of the variables was examined. The findings of Johnson Collected Test represented a long run mutual relation between the variables of the model mentioned. The results of Vector Error Correction Model Test explained that there is unilateral and direct relation between income gained by share outputs and the output of petro-chemical industry Stock has relatively less elasticity than the exports of this industry.