مجله علوم و فنون دریایی
سال پانزدهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1395)

The present study was done to evaluate the effects of enzyme extract, produced by five species of probiotics Bacillus on growth and carcass biochemical composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchusmykiss) larvae with initial body weight of 0.583 ± 0.197 g (mean ± SD) . The enzyme extract was produced by Bacillus probiotics in broth media with concentrations of 1 × 106, 1 × 107 and 1 × 108 CFU/100g and then it was added into the feed of rainbow trout larvae respectively. The results of larval biometry at the end of the study showed that the use of enzyme extract with the highest Bacillus concentration (1×108 CFU/100g) in T3 (20.02 ±3.77 g) significantly increased the growth (P

In this paper the amount of pollution produced by boats with 2-stroke engines have been calculated, in different seasons in southern coast of Iran. The seasonal activity of boats is estimated based on the average of wide range of expert opinion whom familiar with these type of vessel according to crowd wisdom theorem. Also the amount pollution per hours power of engine is derivates from similar international researches.
The results show that the proportion of pollution from these boats is about 290 times greater than pollution from stern tube and deck machinery leakage from vessels in southern Iran.
In particular, they are contains toxic compounds of BTEX which is generated in way of marine life near coastal waters.
In spring and winter the pollution is greater than other seasons. with emphasis on the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea are the “Especial Area” and the threat of activity of boats on marine life; Suitable solution to reduce the pollution from these vessels, Should be in priority program of coastal countries especially the Islamic Republic of Iran .

This study was conducted at depth 5-20 meters from the coastal area of Bushehr during July to September, 2013. The aim of this study was identification of Bopyrid: Isopod in two shrimp species Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaes affinis and the effects of biological and environmental factors on its disturbance. In this study 814 kg of samples included of 735 kg of Green tiger shrimp (P. semisulcatus), 68 kg of jinga shrimp (M. affinis) and 20 kg other species were collected. The identified Bopyridae parasite was belonged to Epipenaeon ingens. The result showed that the abundance of bopyridae parasite in the Green tiger shrimp (P. semisulcatus) was 26 %, which observed in the depth of 10 – 20 meters. No Bopyridae parasite was detected from jinga shrimp (M. affinis). The average weight and length of infected green tiger prwan specimens were 39.87±0.27 gr and 19.61±0.07 cm, respectively. The physiological state of infected shrimps indicated that, reduction of ovarian development and petasma in female and male, respectively. There was a significant relationship between water temperature and salinity increased with increasing of E. ingens abundance in P. semisulcatus in the studied area.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chitosan diet on intestinal histology, body composition and salinity and thermal stresses resistance in Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) fingerlings was performed. This research, using completely randomized design consisting of three levels 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 gr of chitosan per kg of Caspian kutum commercial diet was designed with three replications. Kutum fingerlings weighted average 1.76 ± 0.15 g were fed with the experimental diets for 8 weeks. At the end of experiment, tissue sections were prepared of the fish intestinal by cutting with a thickness of 5 mm. For evaluate the resistance to stresses salinity and thermal fingerlings were divided under salinity stress 11 ppt and 13 ppt and temperatures 30 °C and 34 °C, and survival rate were calculated. Microscopic observations showed that the intestinal villi height in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg-1 of chitosan significantly increased to 319.93 µm compared to the control group (P0.05). Fish survival rate after 11 ppt and 13 ppt salinity stress showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05), but the survival rate of fish fed diet containing 1g kg-1 of chitosan after the 34 °C thermal stress significantly increased to 70% (P

The present study was carried out to investigate the anesthesia effect of three anesthetics, electric shock, CO2, and clove powder, andcomparison of physiological parameters in Acipenser nudiventris with an average weight of 79.38 gr. In this study, the electric shock with the voltage of 130 v, 225 mmHg for CO2, and 40 gr for clove powder were used. Considering to anesthesia and recovery time, electric shock (induction time 0.15 min, and recovery time 3.23 min) was selected as the best anesthetic compared to CO2, and clove powder. The lowest change in biochemical parameters was observed for clove powder, subsequently electric shock and CO2. Over all, considering appropriate efficacy of electric shock in both induction and recovery times, and have the low changes in biochemical indices, it would be recommended for this species and other Acipenserids during aquaculture practices.

The fish gustatory system provides the final sensory evaluation in the feeding process. Free amino acids have a stimulating effect in the fish gustatory system. In this study, behavioral responses to taste in juveniles of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) to the granules contain a base concentration (0.001 mol) of the free amino acids, Aspartic acid, Histidine and Cysteine to study the effects of increasing temperature (28 °C, water of reproduction center, 30 and 32 ° C) in treatments 24, 48 and 96 hours were investigated. The results have shown results have shown that the taste response of juveniles of sturgeon to the granules contain different substances are very little different at three temperatures. All tested amino acids increased the average number of catching (extra oral preferences) as compared to control, but despite this increase, the amino acid aspartic acid treatment was significant compared with other treatments. The mean proportion consumption of pellets of % catching number (intra oral preferences), the highest proportion of aspartic acid treatment at 24 and 96 hours, a significant difference was observed (p˂0.05). The results this research showed that the taste preference to environmental factors such as small changes in water temperature resistant.

Cultured ornamental fish are often faint coloured due to extensive culture conditions . Experiments using algae as food additive to the diets of fish resulted in colour enhancement due to their natural colourant compounds. Effect of Spirulina microalgae Arthrospira maxim diet on colour enhancement of Zebra Malawi cichlid Pseudotropheus zebra was investigated. Total 180 fish were tested in 6 treatments with tree replicate for each (control, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% of dry Spirulina in daily diet). After 5 weeks of experiments, colorimetry was performed using Image Processing (10000*14000dpi quality). Image processing was carried out in Photoshop software using L*a*b system. The results showed that Spirulina treatment led to significant enhancement of L mean level at all treatments. Optimum ratio of 15% Spirulina in daily diet of Zebra Malawi cichlid was resulted in colour enhancement as all studied colour parameters was in significant difference in contrast to the control group(P

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing dietary fish meal with canola meal on growth performance, survival and body composition of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt). Five isonitrogenous (45% crude protein) and isocaloric (18.53 kJg-1) diets were formulated by replacing 0 (control), 10 (C10), 20 (C20), 30 (C30) and 40% (C40) of fish meal with canola meal. Juvenile fish with initial weight of 22.80 ± 0.34 g (mean ± SD) with five treatments and three replications were fed for 10 weeks. At the end of the experiment, growth performance, survival and body composition of fish were measured. The result of this study showed that there were significant differences in growth indices and body composition of fish fed different diets (P0.05), but significant differences was observed in moisture content of body in fish fed different diets (P .

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of lysine and methionine on growth and nutrient utilization of Sobaity sea bream, Sparidentex hasta. Therefore, 180 juvenile fish with an initial weight of 31.38 ±1.4 g were distributed randomly among eighteen tanks. Fish were fed to satiation three time per day(08:00, 13:00 and 18:00 hours) for 8 weeks with formulated diets containing six different levels of dietary methionine and / or lysine;Diet 1: a control diet without dietary amino acid supplementation; Diet 2: 100% methionine supplementation; Diet 3: 75% methionine and 25% lysine supplementation; Diet 4: 50% methionine and 50% lysinesupplementation; Diet 5: 25% methionine and 75% lysine supplementation and Diet 6: 100% lysine supplementation. The results of this study showed that use of dietary lysine and methionine supplementation in diet, significantly affected (P.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Persian gum and extract Basil (Ocimum basilicum)coating on the rancidity development in silver carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)fillets during freezing storage (-18 ºC). This epperiment was examined over a period of 3 months. The Persian gum and basil extract covering the treatment of gum 2% , 1.5% extract and extract was prepared containing treatment and control (uncoated). The control and treated fish samples were analyzed for chemical (TVB-N, TBARS, FFA, pH) characteristics, and sensory characteristics monthly for frozen samples. Totally, the results of chemical and sensory analyses indicated lower levels of TBA, FFA, pH, TVB-N in coated samples and especially those with gum containing basil extract while were kept in frozen (-18°C) storage. Significant differences between them in control of chemical (TVB-N, TBARS, FFA, Ph) characteristics in Three months.The results of this study showed the best coverage on the fillets Persian gum solution contains basil extract indicated and can say, gum zedo and basil extracts to increase survival for silver fish fillets in the freezer temperature storage conditions (18) are effective .

Developed countries are using renewable energy in order to minimize emission of harmful gases, and many countries are studied new designs. Which uses of the later is increasing rapidly. One of the cleanest renewable ocean energy is using the potential of tidal energy. Studies show that the best place for obtaining tidal energy in the Persian Gulf and is the Doragh Estuary, which is located in the northern part of the Persian Gulf. This estuary is the unique area in the Persian Gulf with more than 5 meters tidal range which has the potential to produces maximum tidal energy in this region.In this study, a physical model of Doragh estuary is constructed and employed a pumping system as well as a source of water to create tide in the model. Also two dams are made somehow in the model to reserve water behind these dams during ebb and flood. A propeller which is connected to a turbine is fixed to one of the dams, and works during both ebb and flood in which transfers movement of propeller into electricity. Electrical current is connected to an instrument which show the amount of produced electricity in the model. The results of the model show that by increasing tidal range, electricity increases electricity exponentially. In this experiment the model run with different scenarios to get maximum efficiency which is recorded to 15% during flood and producing of electrical power can increased by 30 to 50 percent during both ebb and flood.