مجله علوم و فنون دریایی
سال شانزدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1396)

This study has been carried out to evaluate the effect of varying dietary levels of protein (45%, 50%, 55% and 60%) and energy (20, 22 and 24 kjg-1) on growth, survival rate, food performance and body chemical composition of sobaity Juvenile. 36 polyethylene of 300 Lit volume container equipped with flow-through water system (with 1 Lit/min water exchange) have been provided and each stocked with 18 Juvenile fishes (27.99 ± 0.14 g weight). During the rearing period biometric measurement was carried out once fortnightly. After 56 days of rearing period, results showed significant affect of treatments and varying levels of protein and energy on the growth and food performance, survival rate and body composition )P ≤ 0.05) of the fish, but the effect of dietary protein was not significant on the FCR, PER, fat and body crude fiber (P > 0.05). Also the effect of dietary energy was not significantly effective (P> 0.05 ) on the growth and food performances, but was significantly effective on the survival rate and body composition )P ≤ 0.05) of the fish. Results also showed the highest growth of fish in diet with 60% CP and 24 kJg-1 energy, highest survival rate in diet with 55% CP and 22kJg-1 energy and best FCR and PER in diet with 50% CP and 24 kJg-1 energy. According to the results of the present, 50% CP and 22 kJg-1 energy are recommendable to cover the dietary protein and energy requirement of sobaity fish in the Juvenile stage.

In the present study, the efficiency of the total flavonoids and aqueous extracts of M. communis L. tree leaves, as a recognized medicinal plant of Iran flora were assessed in vitro on the growth of the isolated fungi, Saprolegnia and Fusarrium using the agar disc and well diffusion methods in flat-bottom microplates in presence of the various extract concentrations. The isolated fungi were sampled from the fertilized eggs of rainbow trout fish incubation farms. The collected leaves from the natural habitats of Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtiary province at early-summer were extracted by maceration methods with water solvent as well by flavonoids extraction methods with methanol solvent. During the succeeding trials, the antifungal effects of the flavonoids extracts (by the well diffusion method) and the aqueous extract (by the well diffusion method) against isolated Saprolegnia were revealed by MFC (Minimum Fatal Concentration) values 50 and 100 mg/ml, respectively. The only effect of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of M. communis leaves revealed in vitro inhibiting effect on growth of isolated Fusarium by MIC values 25 and 12.5 mg/ml, in disc diffusion and well diffusion method, respectively. The antifungal obtained effects by the extracts had more effective aspects on isolated Saprolegnia in comparison to Fusarium. The results of the study indicate that M. communis could be considered as a potential candidate for designing effective antifungal suitable for treatment of the fish eggs fungal infections.

The main goal of using floating breakwaters is to provide the sheltered area of calm water in the coastal zone. In present research, for analyzing hydrodynamic modeling of pontoon floating breakwaters the AQWA module of ANSYS software has been selected. The main parameters that have been considered in this research are pattern of significant wave height, wave period, and draft and width of floating pontoon. Wave transmission coefficient can be obtained from water surface changes in any point of leeward. Results of numerical modeling demonstrate that a pontoon floating breakwater with relative width greater than 0.4 have appropriate performance. Also it has been found that the transmission coefficient of pontoon floating breakwaters will be in the range of 0.35 to 0.60 if the relative wave period changes in the range of 1.5 to 4.

This study touches on abundance and distribution of brittle star Macrophiothrix cheneyi in the intertidal zones of Chabahar Bay in the Oman Sea, Iran, due to spatial and temporal variobility during a year from November on 2008 to September on 2009 at 5 selected stations. Sampling was randomly done bimonthly, by using 1m×1m qudrate. The result of study showed density of species in different stations and months has significant difference (P

CPUE, CPUA and biomass of Pomadasyskaakanassessed in the waters of Bushehr province in 2011. The study area was divided into three areas (Northern, Central and Southern) and depth zones (10-20, 20-30 and 30-50 m). In this study,a stratified random sampling was used to collect data. Samples were taken from 45 stations. Total length and mean total length were calculated 27-56 cm and 42.7±4.95 cm, respectively. Total biomass was estimated to be approximately 5943.55 tonnes. Total CPUE and total CPUA were calculated 803.25 kg/h and 9269.05 kg/nm2, respectively. The lowest mean CPUE was observed in 20-30 m depth zone with 8.82 kg/h and the highest mean CPUE was observed in 10-20 m depth zone with 21.45 kg/h. The lowest and highest mean CPUA were calculated in 20-30 m depth zone with 95.91 kg/nm2 and 10-20 m depth zone with 259.35 kg/nm2, respectively. Also, the central area of Bushehr province showed the highest CPUA with 8913.9 kg/nm2. The results of this study showed that the highest distribution and biomass of Pomadasyskaakanare concentrated in the central areas and 30-50 m depth zones.

The aim of this study was evaluation of effects of total protein and cholesterol on physical and biochemical factors of cultural common carp milt in Khouzestan province. For this study 40 fish have been bought (20 in March and 20 in April) and examinations of physical and biochemical were tested. Base on the results, The total protein and cholesterol in April compared to March increased nonsignificantly. The ions of calcium, chloride, sodium and potassium in April compared to March increased. Based on the results there was significant and positive correlation between total protein and Albumin, cholesterol and K in march and significant and negative correlation with Cl but total protein in April had significant and positive with Cl, P, spermatocrit, cholesterol and Albumin and negative and significant correlation with weight of fish. Cholesterol in March had significant and positive with albumin and negative significant correlation with Cl and P but cholesterol in April had positive significant correlation with spermatocrit, Albumin, P and Cl. According to the data of this study, total protein, cholesterol, calcium, chloride, sodium, potassium of the Common carp seminal plasma increased in April compared to March. So because of these factors have effects on fertility, quality and quantity of common carp sperm So it is possible to adjust the parameters of protein, cholesterol and minerals of dietary in spawing season increase the quality of common carp sperm.

This research was conducted for studying of biological parameters of Tenualosa ilisha on spawning and post spawning time. For this reason, 60 fish were captured through three months, on September- fresh water (Karoon river in Khorramshahr) (1st station), September- marine water (Hendijan coasts) (2nd station), October-marine water (3rd station) and November-marine water (4th station). Biological parameters, GSI and gonad histological study was performed. The results showed the highest total length, total weight and gonad weight were seen in fish were captured from 1st station which has a significant different with other fishes (p

Seasonal distribution of phytoplankton and factors affecting their presence in the Mazandaran coastal ecosystems were investigated in 2012. In this study, Distribution of the phylum and dominant species of phytoplankton and water quality parameters were evaluated along 4 transects (Amirabad, Babolsar, Noshahr and Ramsar) in the different layers of the water column at final depths of 5, 10, 20 and 50m. Variation of the dominant species and environmental parameters was analyzed using Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Average annual phytoplankton density was 185162558 cubic meters, the highest density in winter and lowest in spring was determined. Totally, 7 groups and 131 species of phytoplankton were identified, including Bacillariophyta (58 species), Cyanophyta (24), Pyrrophyta (22), Chlorophyta (17), Euglenophyta (8) and 1 species each of Haptophyta and Xanthophyta. The dominant species in the water body were Exuviaella cordata of the Pyrrophyta (61.25% of the species) in spring, Oscillatoria sp. of the Cyanophyta in summer and autumn (48.69 and 71.91%, respectively) and Pseudo-nitzschia seriata of the Bacillariophyta (66.12%) in winter. This study showed that Thermocline, riverine transport, Mnemiopsis leidyi and opportunistic phytoplanktonic species with high competitive ability (Cyanophyta and Pyrrophyta (were the most effective factors on spatio-temporal variations of phytoplankton. Temperature, silica and inorganic nitrogen play an important role in population dynamics are diatoms, while temperature, inorganic and organic phosphorus and inorganic nitrogen for Cyanophyta and Pyrrophyta are important.

Liver is one of the most important organs in vertebrates that have important roles in detoxifying. The main purpose of the present study was developing appropriate methodology for the primary cultivation of hepatic cells from orange-spotted Grouper, Epinephelus coioides. In present study, hepatocytes were isolated from five grouper individuals. Initially, the fish wiped with 70% ethanol. Liver were removed and cut into small pieces with scissors and hepatocytes were disconnected using different enzymatic digestion with collagenase (Type 1 and 4) and trypsin and additional nutrient materials in culturing mediums. Then, cells were cultured for 2 weeks in Lebowitz L-15 under 3 1. Using enzymatic digestion by trypsin, 2. Using enzymatic digestion by collagenase (type 1 and 4) and 3. Using nutrients and additives was cultured. Finally, effects of different incubation temperature (20, 25, 28, 30 and 32 degree of Celsius) and Bovine serum content (0, 10 and 20% and 20%ℴ) on cell growth were estimated. According to the results, digestion by collagenase type 4, resulted in more cell colonization and growth in comparison with other methods.In conclusion, the best culture method for primary hepatocyte from orange-spotted Grouper, Epinephelus coioides., was using ITS%FBS under 30 degree of Celsius incubation temprature.