مجله پژوهش های بوم شناسی شهری
پیاپی 17 (بهار و تابستان 1397)

The purpose of this study was to understand the nature, type and contribution of each of the migration factors (repulsive, gravity, extraneous and personal) in migrating from village to city and its consequences on the instability of Birjand city. The type of applied research with descriptive-analytical nature, which was carried out using scrolling. The statistical population of the study consisted of all rural households living in Birjand, which was determined using the Cochran sample size formula, 329 households. The research samples were selected using random sampling method. SPSS and Excel software were used to analyze the data. According to the results, the social implications of housing in the city showed that there are more negative social consequences for immigrants after migrating to the city. Among the repatriation factors of rural migrants, socio-occupational factors have had the greatest impact, after which economic, educational and research factors, cultural and religious, natural and political, are in the next category. Among the natural variables of "recent drought", the most important factor was repulsion and among the economic factors "access to work and work" and "more income in the city" were the most important factors of attraction.

Basically, people and poverty reduction in the country's economic well-being is one of the main objectives of economic development programs. One way of measuring poverty through economic indicators. The aim of this study was to answer the question that has been trends of poverty and extreme poverty in the urban areas of the province during the period (2008-2011)? The study, based on data from the Statistical Centre of Iran and the price of the food basket through the Central Bank achieved a 4-year period (90-1387). Inspired by the methods of relative poverty, absolute intensity has been investigated. Results show that inflation and average Ascending 6.9 recent and the cost of supplying standard food basket during the mentioned period has increased by about 32 percent. The results show that line relative average monthly urban growth using 35.3 percent had, the intensity of poverty relative to average growth method equivalent to 20.5 percent, the absolute poverty line using monthly average has increased 18 percen

Rapid urban growth in recent years for the world Created several problems. These issues affect not only the aspects of urban development has been the recent But also other issues such as social, cultural, economic and environmental well has had a significant impact. In order to solve this problem and many ideas which was conducted by experts and urban planners as the most important of these Smart growth strategy measures which is one of the newest and one of the most important ideas of sustainable urbanization. The aim of this study was smart urban growth indices in the city of Orumiyeh, with an emphasis on three dimensions: social, economic, physical (infrastructure) and environmental - accessible. The research method is descriptive- analytic. In this regard, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) for weighted indexes, And for leveling areas of the ELECTRE version is used. The results showed that a region with a score of (1) in the first place and the third and fourth with a score of (0), the second and in the end zone with a score of two (2) has been in third place. The results show that the urban areas of Urmia in proportion to the smart urban growth indicators, there are significant differences that need to be further development of the city, Pay special attention to deprived areas. By considering the results, Due to the smart urban growth pattern in four regions of Urmia is inevitable.

The purpose of this study is to compare the average of urban management indices in the dimensions of globalization on the body and the changing city of Isfahan. The research method is analytical-comparative and has been performed using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was experts in urban areas of Isfahan Municipality. To analyze the data, SPSS software and CSPP test were used. According to the results, the highest ranking in terms of urban management indicators in the dimensions of globalization on the body and the changing city of Isfahan, the six municipalities and the five municipalities in the region were the lowest.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the ecological tolerance capacity of residential development in Semnan. The research approach was applied and its method was descriptive-analytic. Data were collected using the documentary method. The results of the calculations showed that the capacity to withstand land and water resources in Semnan, respectively, was 0.960091 and 0.003529, respectively, and was exceeded. Forecasting the population in the coming years also indicates that the capacity to withstand land resources will be completed in 1405, and the capacity to withstand water resources is already in crisis and at the frontier of warning, and in the coming years more severe Will also be. From the calculations, it can be concluded that the ecological tolerance for habitation in Semnan will not be stable in the coming years and will not be able to respond to the demand of the citizens and water.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and measure the impact of environmental characteristics and socio-economic characteristics of the functional axis on the citizen's travel pattern in Hamedan city. The type of research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. Sample size for three functional axes (Shariati, Mirzadeh Eshghi, Saidieh) was determined in Hamedan region using Cochran formula (225, 290 and 265) respectively. Simple random sampling method was used. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that, apart from the characteristics and environmental characteristics of the axes and functional corridors in the spatial structure of the city, hidden factors such as socio-economic features of functional axes play a decisive role in the formation of the patterns of displacement. According to research findings, the effect of environmental characteristics on the citizen's journey pattern in these axes is more than the impact of economic and social characteristics. As a result, due to this function and related travel pattern (public transportation) as well as the influential environmental characteristics (travel distance-travel length), it is possible to provide a public transportation system in these axes and extend it to other axes.

The goal of this research is investigation of CDS index in3rd region of Shiraz for improving current situation and its role in achieving urban sustainable development. The method of this research is descriptive- analytic. In this way, by using Cochran method and the society of 205775 citizens, the sample size of 384 persons is determined. For reliability test, Cronbach' Alpha and for validity one, exploratory factor analysis is used and by using pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression test, data were analyzed. Based on results, the average of livability criteria equals 3.08 and the bankability one is 2.81 and this average for good urban governance equal 2.16. According to theoretical middle -2.5-, it is mentionable that 3rd region of Shiraz municipality has good situation in having CDS criteria. And the mentioned criteria – livability, competiveness and good urban governance have meaningful relation. But bankability can have the most effect in improving CDS approach in 3rd region of Shiraz municipality.

The present study addresses the pathology of urban hospitals in terms of passive defense in Qom. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the population of this study is Qom's hospitals. To achieve the goal, the hierarchical weighting method and weight charts of each of the threat indicators were evaluated. According to the results of the research, the highest score is related to the threat of a bombing. After assessing the threats against the hospital, identifying and prioritizing the assets of the hospital revealed the importance of the delivery and surgical department in the hospital and the dining room had the lowest score.