فهرست مطالب

Evidence Based Care - Volume:8 Issue: 2, Summer 2018

Evidence Based Care
Volume:8 Issue: 2, Summer 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/04/20
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Mojtaba Askari, Seyed Reza Mazlom, Samira Mohajer *, Amin Azhari Pages 7-17
    Background
    Physical activity, whether in water or on land, can improve motor disorders in the elderly. However, the more effective type of exercise remains inconspicuous.
    Aim: To compare the effects of aquatic and land-based exercises on the bio-motor abilities of elderly men.
    Method
    This clinical trial was performed on 60 elderly men visiting Imamat and Daneshamuz health centers in Mashhad, Iran, in 2016. The eligible volunteers were randomly assigned to two groups (n=30 each). In one group, the subjects attended aquatic exercise sessions for six weeks, while the other group participated a land-based exercise program. Bio-motor abilities of the subjects including motor ability, flexibility, and general endurance were evaluated before and immediately after the intervention and recorded in a researcher-made checklist. Data were analyzed in SPSS, version 16, using the independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and exact Chi-square test.
    Results
    The mean ages of the aquatic exercise and land-based exercise groups were respectively 69.9±5.1 and 68.0±5.0 years. Post-intervention, the aquatic exercise group showed significantly higher motor ability (P=0.01) and general endurance (P=0.02) than did the other group. However, the difference in final flexibility of the groups was not significant (P=0.252). Paired t-test showed a significant improvement in bio-motor abilities of both groups post-intervention (PImplications for Practice: Since the aquatic exercise program had a greater impact on bio-motor abilitiesthan did the land-based program, it is recommended for achieving better results among elderly men.
    Keywords: Aquatic exercise, Bio-motor abilities, Elderly, Land-based exercise
  • Atefe Behboudifar, Fatemeh Heshmati Nabavi *, Abdolghader Assarroudi Pages 18-27
    Background
    Patients undergoing radiotherapy require training through educational media due to the specific nature of this therapeutic modality.
    Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of multimedia and print educational tools in anxiety and self-care behaviors among patients undergoing radiotherapy.
    Method
    This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients referring to the radiotherapy centers of Mashhad, Iran, in 2016. Based on the treatment centers, the patients were randomly assigned into two groups of Group 1 and 2 provided by a 20-minute multimedia training session and three pamphlets, respectively. The patients’ anxiety was assessed in two stages, namely before the intervention and prior to the initiation of the first radiotherapy session, using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Neil's Self-care Inventory was completed at the end of the first, third, and fifth weeks of treatment for assessing self-care behaviors.
    Results
    The mean ages of the multimedia and pamphlet groups were 52.2±1.4 and 50.6±1.4, respectively. Paired t-test showed a significant decrease in the mean anxiety score of the pamphlet group (37.8±3.0) after the intervention, compared to that in the multimedia group (40.0±2.3) (P=0.009). Furthermore, the multimedia group had significantly higher self-care behavior scores, compared to the pamphlet group, in the first (P=0.003), third (P=0.01) and fifth weeks of treatment (PImplications for Practice: Educational multimedia tools can have a more effective contribution in maintaining self-care behaviors. Given the reduction of anxiety in the pamphlet group, it is important to consider the rate and flow of transferring information in radiotherapy training to reduce anxiety among patients.
    Keywords: Anxiety, Multimedia tools, Pamphlet, Radiotherapy, Self-care behaviors
  • Suhartini Ismail *, Urai Hatthakit Pages 28-38
    Background
    The application of more humanized approaches in the caring process of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients with the aim of improving the quality of care has been given a growing attention However, there are limited studies regarding the Islam-based caring for the Moslem populations in Indonesia.
    Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe the caring actions employed by nurses to enhance the harmony of critically ill Muslim patients.
    Method
    This study was conducted on 24 nurses working in the ICU for a minimum of 2 years, as well as patients and their families and a physician. An action research approach was used to develop an Islam-based caring model for the ICU patients. The study population was selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were colected using in-depth interviews and three focus group discussions.
    Results
    The analysis of the obtained data resulted in the emergence of two main themes, including outcomes of the caring practice and harmony of the life of Moslem critically ill patients. The caring actions aimed at promoting the harmony of life for the critically ill patients were presented and discussed.
    Implications for Practice: The findings of this study are valuable for nursing professionals in enhancing the harmony of life for critically ill patients.
    Keywords: Critically ill patients, Islam-based caring, Harmony, Moslem patients
  • Azam Nojabaee *, Amir Reza Salehmoghaddam, Seyed Reza Mazlom, Negar Asgharipour, Samira Mohajer Pages 39-48
    Background
    Social health is considered of utmost importance as a social necessity. Thus, the Flourishing Promotion Program (FPP) can be effective in promoting social health.
    Aim: To determine the effect of the FPP on social health in the elderly.
    Method
    A randomized controlled clinical trial of 60 elderly individuals residing in Toos Nursing Home and Salamati Nursing Home, Mashhad, Iran, was performed in 2017. The participants were assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group enrolled in the FPP for eight 90-minute sessions, and the control group only performed the routine activities. Keyes’ Social Well-Being Scale was completed before, as well as immediately and one month after the intervention. To analyze the data, Mann-Whitney U test and Friedman test were run in SPSS, version 21.
    Results
    The mean ages of the control and intervention groups were 74.9±11.4 and 78.1±7.0, respectively. According to the Mann-Whitney U test, the mean score of social health in the intervention (57.1±6.3) and control (50.4±9.0) groups were significantly different before the intervention (P=0.001). Given the findings of the analysis of covariance, the mean score of social health in the intervention (67.9±5.5) and control (50.4±9.0) groups immediately post-intervention were also significantly different (P=0.001). Such a significant difference was also observed between the intervention (66.8±5.5) and control (49.3±8.7) groups one month post-intervention (P=0.001).
    Implications for Practice: The FPP could effectively enhance mental and social health and functioning in the elderly through providing a sense of belonging, positive excitement, and better interactions.
    Keywords: Elderly, Health promotion, Mental health
  • Mahdie Mir, Hamidreza Behnam Vashani *, Tahereh Sadeghi, Hasan Boskabadi, Azar Khorshahi Pages 49-57
    Background
    Neonates are more sensitive to pain and likely to suffer from its long-term complications. Therefore, various methods including non-nutritive sucking, sensory stimulations, and various supportive interventions are employed to relieve pain in newborns.
    Aim: This study aimed to compare the effects of Yakson therapeutic touch and heel warming on pain caused by heel stick procedure, vital signs, and cry duration in full-term neonates.
    Method
    This randomized clinical trial was conducted among 78 full-term newborns referred to healthcare centers in Mashhad, Iran, 2017. They were assigned into three groups of Yakson theraputic touch, heel warming using a hot-water bottle with the temperature of 40°C, and control receiving routine care, through randomized block method. Then, vital signs before and after and pain intensity after heel-stick procedure were measured using Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). Data analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests in SPSS software, version 16.
    Results
    The study groups were homogeneous considering demographic characteristics. The results of Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference between the groups regarding the mean scores of the NIPS at the post-intervention phase (P=0.02). However, no significant difference was observed between pre- and post-intervention phases in the groups considering respiratory and heart rates. Additionally, cry duration significantly reduced in the group that received Yakson therapeutic touch (P=0.03).
    Implications for Practice: The use of Yakson therapeutic touch could relieve pain, soothe the neonates, and shorten cry duration in newborns after heel stick procedure. Nevertheless, heel warming only increased up blood flow for easier blood sampling.
    Keywords: Heel stick, Heel warming, infant, pain, Yakson therapeutic touch
  • Faezeh Esehaghzadeh, Tayebeh Reyhani *, Fatemeh Moharari, Seyed Reza Mazlom Pages 58-66
    Background
    Externalizing disorders affect the pediatric psychosocial development and mother-child relationship. The quality of mother-child relationship has a pivotal role in formation of the social personality, cognitive function, and mental health of a child.
    Aim: Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of training positive parenting program (Triple P) on improvement of the mother-child relationship in mothers of children with externalizing disorders.
    Method
    This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 mothers of children with externalizing disorders, who referred to the children and adolescent psychiatric clinic of Ibn-e-Sina Hospital and Community Mental Health Centers (CMHC) affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2015. For the intervention group, Triple P was implemented as eight training sessions of 120 minutes during two months. The mother-child relationship was evaluated by Mother-Child Relationship Evaluation questionnaire. All the data were analyzed by SPSS using paired t-test, Wilcoxon test, and analysis of covariance.
    Results
    In the pre-intervention phase, the two groups were homogeneous in terms of mother-child relationship aspects, including overprotection, radical underestimation, and child rejection. Immediately post-intervention, the mean scores of all mother-child relationship dimensions in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group (PImplications for Practice: The Triple P training can lead in improved mother-child relationship in mothers of children with externalizing disorders. Consequently, this approach is recommended to promote the mother-child relationship.
    Keywords: Child, Externalizing disorders, Mother-child relationship, Positive parenting program
  • Hamideh Mohebbi, Seyed Reza Mazlom, Mohammad Reza Kasraei, Zahra Hamedi, Hamidreza Hosseinikhah, Hossein Dehghan Moghimi, Fatemeh Ebrahimi, Javad Malekzadeh * Pages 67-77
    Background
    Several complications may occur in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) leading to decreased self-efficacy. Rehabilitation training is the best method for reducing the complications and increasing self-efficacy. Various educational techniques lead to different rehabilitation results and levels of self-efficacy. Improving these measures requires the selection of the most appropriate educational technique.
    Aim: This study aimed to compare the effect of two media-based and face-to-face cardiac rehabilitation training methods on self-efficacy in patients undergoing CABG.
    Method
    This clinical trial was conducted among 60 patients, who were randomly assigned into two groups, in Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, 2017. Cardiac rehabilitation training program was implemented face-to-face or using a researcher-made multimedia upon admission, discharge, at the start of cardiac rehabilitation, and at the end of the 10th session for half-hour. A researcher-constructed questionnaire on self-efficacy was completed by the participants in the mentioned stages. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software, version 16.
    Results
    The mean ages of the participants in the face-to-face and multimedia groups were 56.0±8.1 and 57.5±7.3 years old, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the self-efficacy scores of the patients upon admission (P=0.36). However, there was a significant difference between the groups at the post-intervention stage (PImplications for Practice: Despite the lack of presence of an active teacher, media-based cardiac rehabilitation training improved the self-efficacy of patients undergoing CABG more than face-to-face method.
    Keywords: Cardiac rehabilitation, Coronary artery bypass grafting, Education, Self-efficacy
  • Sakineh Ghasemi, Sakineh Mohammad, Alizadeh, Charandabi, Mojgan Mirghafourvand * Pages 78-83
    Preparation for pregnancy and management of modifiable risk factors result in favorable pregnancy and childbirth outcomes. Regarding this, the present study aimed to determine preconception lifestyle status and its predictors among women contemplating pregnancy. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 201 women aged 18-35 years contemplating pregnancy for the coming year. The data were collected using sociodemographic characteristic form, preconception lifestyle questionnaire, preconception lifestyle awareness questionnaire, and perceived stress scale. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multivariate linear regression. The mean preconception lifestyle score was 2.7±0.3 (range: 1-4). According to the results, knowledge about preconception lifestyle, maternal age, receipt of routine preconception care, and marital satisfaction were the predictors of preconception lifestyle. Based on the findings, it is necessary that the health care providers take some measures to improve the preconception lifestyle in women contemplating pregnancy by considering its predictors.
    Keywords: Knowledge, Lifestyle, Preconception care, Pregnancy