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International Journal of Molecular and Cellular Medicine - Volume:6 Issue: 22, Spring 2017

International Journal of Molecular and Cellular Medicine
Volume:6 Issue: 22, Spring 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/02/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Amr Rafat Elhamamsy *, Muhammad Suleiman El Sharkawy, Ahmed Farouk Zanaty, Mohammed Ahmed Mahrous, Ahmed Ezzat Mohamed, Eslam Ahmed Abushaaban Page 1
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as post-transcriptional gene expression regulators. The expression profiling of miRNAs has already entered into cancer clinics as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to assess tumor initiation, progression and response to treatment in cancer patients. Recent Studies opened the way for the use of circulating miRNAs as non-invasive diagnosis and prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The aim of this study was to identify plasma miR-92a, miR-143 and miR-342 expression signatures in AML patients to introduce new markers for establishing AML diagnosis and prognosis. Blood samples were collected from 65 AML patients and 50 controls. The expression of three target miRNAs (miR-92a, miR-143 and miR-342) was measured using quantitative real-time PCR method. Plasma levels of miR-92a, miR-143 and miR-342 were significantly lower in AML patients in comparison with control group. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that the sensitivity and specificity values of miR-92a were 81.5% and 94%, respectively, with a cut-off value of 0.704. The sensitivity and specificity values of miR-143 were 87.7% and 80%, respectively, with a cut-off value of 0.65. The sensitivity and specificity values of miR-342 were 75.4% and 90%, respectively, with a cut-off value of 0.479. Our findings suggest that plasma miR-92a, miR-143 and miR-342 could be promising novel circulating biomarkers in clinical detection of AML.
    Keywords: Leukemia, myeloid, acute, diagnosis, microRNAs
  • Elahe Motevaseli, Ali Dianatpour, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard * Page 2
    Probiotics are defined as live bacteria and yeasts that exert beneficial effects for health. Among their various effects, anti-cancer properties have been highlighted in recent years. Such effects include suppression of the growth of microbiota implicated in the production of mutagens and carcinogens, alteration in carcinogen metabolism and protection of DNA from oxidative damage as well as regulation of immune system. We performed a computerized search of the MEDLINE/PUBMED databases with keywords: cancer, probiotics, lactobacilli, metastasis, and invasion. Cell line studies as well as animal models and human studies have shown the therapeutic effects of probiotics in reduction of invasion and metastasis in cancer cells. These results support the beneficial effects of probiotics both in vitro and in vivo. However, pre-clinical or clinical studies are not enough to decide about their application.
    Keywords: probiotics, lactobacilli, cancer, metastasis, invasion
  • Sobhan Faezi, Ahmad Reza Bahrmand *, Mehdi Mahdavi, Seyed Davar Siadat, Iraj Nikokar, Soroush Sardari Page 3
    The type IV pili (T4P) is a major virulence factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) that is associated with primary adhesion, biofilm formation and twitching motility. This study focuses on the introduction of a novel biologically active subunit vaccine derived from the disulfide loop (DSL) of P. aeruginosa pilin. We investigated the expression of the novel PilA in-frame with pET26a vector, which contains three domains, that each domain contains three tandem repeats. The flexible (GGGGS) and (GGGGS)3 linkers were linked between the three tandem repeats and each pilA domain, respectively. The recombinant construct (pET26b/pilA) was transformed and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The reactivity of specific antiserum against PilA was assessed by ELISA method. The biological activities of this candidate vaccine were evaluated by western blotting, opsonophagocytosis and twitching inhibition assays. The pET26b/pilA plasmid was confirmed by enzymatic digestion. The purified PilA protein was confirmed by immunoblot analysis. The checkerboard titration showed that the optimal dilution of the antibody to react with antigen was 1:8. The results of opsonophagocytosis assay revealed that the antibodies raised against PilA promoted phagocytosis of the PAO1 and 6266E strains, to some extent (17.5% and 16.3%, respectively), so that the twitching inhibition test confirmed this result. Taken together, these are preliminary results based on a first chimerical structure failure in order to induce antibodies that promote the opsonization and eradication of the pathogen. Therefore, the biological activity of the PilA protein showed that it should be introduced with other proteins or target antigens against P. aeruginosa in the future studies.
    Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, type IV pili, disulfide loop, vaccine, pET26b
  • Mohammadreza Dehghani, Masoud Dehghan Tezerjani, Zahra Metanat, Mohammad Yahya Vahidi Mehrjardi * Page 4
    Anophthalmia or microphthalmia (A/M) is a rare group of congenital/developmental ocular malformations, characterized by absent or small eye within the orbit affecting one or both eyes. It has complex etiology with chromosomal, monogenic with high heterogeneity, and environmental causes. We performed genome SNP-array analysis followed by autozygosity mapping and sequencing in the members of two families in which three individuals are suffering from severe bilateral anophthalmia. The genetic analysis revealed a novel missense c.709G>A mutation in exon 7 of ALDH1A3 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A3), causing a substi tution of glycine (Gly) to arginine (Arg) at residue 237. This study consolidates the importance of ALDH1A3 gene screening in autosomal recessive anophthalmi a. This variation may also be suggestive of a founder effect in the southeastern area of Iran.
    Keywords: Anophthalmia, ALDH1A3, consanguinity, autosomal recessive, SNP array
  • Syed Tasleem Raza *, Shania Abbas, Zeba Siddiqi, Farzana Mahdi Page 5
    Diabetic dyslipidemia is one of the leading causes of coronary artery disease (CAD) death. Genetic and environmental factors play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and dyslipidemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the association of ACE (rs4646994), FABP2 (rs1799883), MTHFR (rs1801133) and FTO (rs9939609) genetic polymorphism in T2DM with dyslipidemia. Totally, 559 subjects including 221 T2DM cases with dyslipidemia, 158 T2DM without dyslipidemia and 180 controls were enrolled. ACE genetic polymorphism was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while MTHFR, FABP2, ​FTO genetic polymorphisms were evaluated by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Significant association of ACE and MTHFR genetic polymorphisms were found in both group of cases [T2DM with dyslipidemia (P
    Keywords: Genetic polymorphisms_type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)_dyslipidemia
  • Sajjad Mohammad Ganji, Massoud Saidijam, Razeyeh Amini, Seyed Habibollah Mousavi, Bahar, Nooshin Shabab, Saman Seyedabadi, Ali Mahdavinezhad * Page 6

    Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer in the genitourinary tract, showing often recurrence and progresse into invasive states. Epigenetic changes, such as microRNA alteration are involved in bladder cancer tumorigenesis through a variety of signaling pathways. The epigenetic state depends on geographic and lifestyle conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression level of microRNA-99a and microRNA-205 in bladder cancer in Iranian populations and to determine the relationship between their expressions with clinicophatological features. 36 patients with bladder cancer were included in the study. The control group was the healthy adjacent tissue of the same patients. Total RNA was extracted from approximately 50 mg tissue using TRIzol reagent. cDNA was synthesized and Real-Time PCR was carried out using specific primers. The Unisp6 rRNA was used as a reference gene. A significant decrease was found in the expression level of miR-99a in tumor samples, compared to healthy adjacent tissues (P

    Keywords: microRNAs, neoplasms, Urinary bladder
  • Isolation and Characterisation of Actinobacteria from Algerian Sahara Soils with Antimicrobial Activities
    Harir Mohamed, Bellahcene Miloud, Fortas Zohra, JosE Mar, Iacute, A. JosE Mar, Iacute, A. Garc, Iacute, A-Arenzana, Antonio Veloso, Susana Rodriguez-Couto * Page 7
    Extreme ecosystems can be a source of untapped micro-organisms able to produce novel bioactive compounds of industrial interest. Consequently, in this work, 32 Actinomycetes were isolated from 6 soil samples collected from Algerian Sahara in searching for untapped producers of novel antimicrobial compounds. All the isolates were further subjected to antimicrobial screening against pathogenic bacteria, yeast and fungi. The obtained results indicated that three of the isolates (named C, MS1 and 10) showed antimicrobial activities against most of the tested pathogenic micro-organisms. Therefore, these three promising isolates, previously identified as Streptomyces by morphological, biochemical and physiological methods, were selected for their subsequent identification by the whole cell matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis. Thus, the isolates C, MS1 and 10 were identified as Streptomyces violaceoruber B263 UFL, Streptomyces albus B262 UFL, and Streptomyces badius B192 UFL, respectively. These results pointed out Actinomycetes from Sahara soils as potential sources of novel antimicrobial compounds. Also, MALDI-TOF MS showed to be a robust technique for bacteria identification.
    Keywords: Actinobacteria, antimicrobial activities, MALDI-TOF MS, Sahara soils, strain identification