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Future of Medical Education Journal - Volume:7 Issue: 1, Mar 2017

Future of Medical Education Journal
Volume:7 Issue: 1, Mar 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/03/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Mohammad Reza Raeisoon, Saeid Ghiasi Nadooshan, Mohammad Eslahi, Yahya Mohammadi Pages 3-7
    Background
    Educational achievement is highly important in the higher education and universities’ system in all countries. Critical thinking and problem solving skills are the main outcomes of higher education and the accreditation criteria. Happiness is one of the fundamental emotions of human beings that has a crucial role in the health of individuals and society. It could be the catalyst and facilitator in the development of critical thinking. The purpose of the present study was to compare critical thinking skills and happiness among the students of different universities.
    Methods
    This is a descriptive analytical study conducted on 244 students of different universities of Ghaen that entered the study by multistage cluster sampling. Rytas questionnaire of critical thinking 2003 and Oxford Happiness questionnaire were used and the data were analyzed by SPSS (ver. 14), Pearson's correlation, independent t-test, and ANOVA and the statistical significance level was 0.05.
    Results
    163 participants (66.8%) were male and 81 students (33.2%) were female. The results presented that there is a significant difference between the mean of critical thinking and happiness among the students based on universities (p0. 05). Furthermore, there is a significant difference between critical thinking and happiness (r=0. 246).
    Conclusions
    Educational programmers should concern critical thinking and the methods to upgrade it. Moreover, the teachers should use new teaching methods in the curriculum in order to increase happiness in the students.
    Keywords: Critical thinking, Happiness, Students
  • Majid Akbari, Naser Sargolzayi, Reza Nezhad Nasrollah, Armita Rouhani Pages 8-13
    Background
    University has a great responsibility for the education of students. In order to achieve this target, it must provide academic counseling for students. The aim of this study is to investigate the attitudes of students after using a portal for virtual counseling.
    Methods
    A questionnaire which is based on the goals that mentioned in mentorship law was designed and validated by educational research committee of Mashhad University of medical sciences. It was presented to the students of dental school (step 1). A web based portal was designed and presented to the students and their mentors. The questionnaire was presented after 6 month of portal usage (step 2) and date were analyzed by SPSS ver .11.5.
    Results
    207 students participated in the first step and 201 in the second one. There was an increase in mentor visit but it was not statistically significant whereas the availability and consultation presented were increased (p = 0.05).
    Conclusions
    It can be concluded; mentorship portal could increase the mentor student interactions but it need to be improved to be a suitable method in mentorship.
    Keywords: Mentorship, Student, Teacher, Dentistry, Portal
  • Haydeh Heidari, Nasrin Akbari Pages 14-18
    Background
    There is an interval between clinical and theoretical teachings in nursing which proper teachings during initial courses in nursing. Therefore, the purpose of this process was to comply Log Book in teaching principles and techniques to nursing students.
    Methods
    This mixed study was an exploratory study which was done in three stages on midwifery and nursing students. At first, Log Book was planned based on authentic resources and opinion of group members. Then, the planned Log Book was used during 2 terms and at the end of the term the results were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed through mixed method.
    Results
    Based on the results of qualitative stage three classes of learning improvement, covering educational needs, and need to equipment and facilities were obtained. Based on the results of quantitative stage the following percentages were obtained: familiarity of students with learning purposes and responsibilities: 54.5% totally agreed, making students’ efforts toward learning related tasks purposeful: 52% totally agreed, making teachers’ efforts toward teaching to students purposeful: 52.7% totally agreed, establishing educational interaction between teacher and learner: 54.5% totally agreed, making the professors’ efforts in observing training and giving feedback purposeful: 56% totally agreed, documenting practical activities of students: 52.7% totally agreed.
    Conclusions
    Using Log Book will result in deep learning and will provide the possibility for required trainings for students. But it requires appropriate facilities, spending time and employing specialized forces.
    Keywords: Clinical Training, Education, Log Book, Nursing, midwifery
  • Ali Emadzadeh, Shokoofeh Mazhari Ravesh, Mehri Yavari, Hasan Gholami Pages 19-25
    Background
    Communication skill is considered as one of the main features of employees in the health centers. The midwives should make an influential connection with their patients in order to realize the purposes of health. Electronic training is a new method that is accessible and flexible for learning. The present study aimed to determine the impact of electronic training on communication skills of midwives.
    Methods
    This is a semi-experimental study. 33 midwives working in the health centers in Mashhad participated in the study. Firstly, their communication skill was assessed via direct observation and using the checklist, in which, the validity was 84% and the reliability was 86% evaluated by the test – retest method. The participants had communication skill training by electronic method and were evaluated after the training. The data were analyzed by SPSS and Paired t test, Wilcoxon, Kolmogorov-Smirnov.
    Results
    The results present that there is statistically significant difference in the scores of communication skill before and after intervention (p
    Conclusions
    The midwives’ communication skill increased after training. Therefore, electronic training could be used in order to gain better communication skill among the midwives.
    Keywords: Communication Skills, Electronic training, Midwives
  • Yahya Mohammadi, Laila Khazaee, Sima Kazemi Pages 26-29
    Background
    One of the main duties of a faculty member is to research in the field of medical education. The aim of this study was to investigate the effective factors on strengthening of research incentive in professors’ training.
    Methods
    This study is cross-sectional (analytical descriptive study). The Target population was all teachers in Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Krejcie & Morgan table was used to determine the sample size which the sample of 100 people was determined and selected by Stratified random method. A 31-point Questionnaire, which had 5 subscales, was used to collect information. Content Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and questionnaire reliability based on Cronbach's alpha method was 84%. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency) and inferential statistics (t single sample, t-test) was used at a significance level of 05/0.
    Results
    Among the professors surveyed, 42 people (42%) were male. The results showed that ordinary, the factors of personal and career aspect of professors (41/4 ± 675/0), structural & administrative of University (24/4 ± 42/1), Finance and Facilities (23/4 ± 708/0) cultural backgrounds (04/4 ± 892/0) and management & research policy play (89/3 ±835/0) play major role on strengthening the research incentive. Also, the role of each factors among professors were different based on the gender.
    Conclusions
    Due to the personal and career aspects of professors on strengthening research incentive, by holding training fellowship and workshops in the field of education, it can interest professors to research in the field of education.
    Keywords: Incentives, Research project, Research in education, Professors
  • Razieh Neshatavar, Mitra Amini, Farnaz Takmil, Ziaddin Tabei, Najaf Zare, Leila Bazrafcan Pages 30-34
    Background
    Traditionally, the residents ‘competencies such as professionalism, interpersonal and communication skill have been assessed merely based on their faculty’ point of view without feedback. These assessments were neither efficiently, nor sufficiently cover the multi aspects` of residents ‘competencies. These multi aspects competences mandate the need for more all-around evaluations such as 360° degree. The purpose of the present study was to apply the 360° multisource feedback model for assessing the surgery residents` competencies of Shiraz university of Medical Sciences.
    Methods
    This cross sectional study was performed on 48 residents of the second and third year who were working in the surgery departments. The data were gathered using translated questioners on a 5-point likert scale and distributed to 3 raters (nurses, faculty members and peers). The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were approved by some experts. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation Coefficient, General Linear Model, T- test and SPSS (17) software.
    Results
    The Internal Consistency reliabilities were up to 80% for all questionnaire. The Pearson correlation co-efficient was significant between the scores given by faculty members and peers (r=0.3, p=0.01). The highest mean score given by the evaluators to residents belonged to the Coworker group (149.6, ±17.23). The third-year residents gave themselves significantly higher scores in comparison with the second year residents (P value=0.01).
    Conclusions
    High Cronbach’s α demonstrates that the translated questioners were reliable. It seems that based on the valid and reliable results of this study, the 360° multisource feedback model is a good frame work for surgery resident’s assessment in Iran.
    Keywords: 360°degree, Surgery residents, Evaluation, Performance
  • Hossein Karimi Moonaghi, Maryam Bagheri Pages 35-40
    Introduction
    Today, student-centered methods must be used to train students with professional competency. One of the most valuable methods is Jigsaw (JT). Despite its various positive effects on students’ learning, not all teachers are familiar with Jigsaw. In order to familiarize teachers with this method and encourage them to use it in teaching their students, this article introduces Jigsaw, its types, its effects, and its applications as well.
    Method
    This is a review study evaluating the related articles using keywords such as Jigsaw Method, cooperative method and student- centered learning in Pub Med, ProQuest, Scopus, SID, and Magiran in 2004-2017. At first, 122 papers were found and finally 46 articles were examined.
    Results
    JT is a cooperative teaching method in small groups and its stages include: activities before class by teacher (preparing written curricula and preparing test), activities during class (forming random home groups, providing the same course content to all groups, individual study at a particular time, forming JT groups and discussion on content at a particular time, returning to home groups, designating an administrator in each group, and providing content by any of the members of home groups to the other group members at a specific time), evaluating groups through multiple-choice tests. JT is a small group that has 4 types (I, II, III, and IV). The positive effects of JT include: an increase in motivation, enjoying learning, learning achievement, self-confidence, and self-esteem, refreshment of information, interest, and communication.
    Conclusion
    This cooperative method can be used in different educational levels (primary school, high school, and university) as well as in different disciplines (Medicine, Nursing, Dentistry, Rehabilitation, Midwifery, Pharmacy, Medicine, Education, English, Social Sciences, Chemistry, Islamic Education, Physics, and Mathematics. This cooperative method is recommended to teachers in different courses to improve various aspects of student's intelligence such as critical thinking, problem solving, achievement, self esteem, self confidence, and interest for learning.
    Keywords: jigsaw method, cooperative, Learning, student- center
  • Seyed Masoud Hosseini, Homeyra Forouzandehfar, Maliheh Dadgarmoghadam, Javad Malekzadeh Pages 41-45
    Introduction
    Due to some rapid changes in medical knowledge, it is recommended to revise the curriculum of the health allied disciplines periodically. The workers’ viewpoints about the compliance of the curriculum with their actual needs may be one of the valuable sources for the future revisions. This study is conducted to attain the medical emergency workers’ viewpoints about their attained qualifications in the university to do their jobs in Mashhad in 2015.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study is carried on 89 medical emergency workers at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Data gathered from a questionnaire that its validity and reliability was approved before administering it and then analyzed using SPSS Ver. 11.5.
    Results
    Of the participants, 52.3% had an associate degree and the remained had BSc. (47.7%). Most of the participants agreed that the “specific theoretical courses” had a positive impact on their competencies, strongly. Also, the “practical courses” impact on their job competencies were rated as 3.42±0.75 (of 5) by the associate degree holders and 3.56±0.83 by the BSc. degree ones. Of the participants, more than 65% agreed that the curriculum need a revision.
    Conclusion
    Although most of the participants agreed that the current curriculums were partially compliant with their job needs, some parts of the curriculum should be revised to prepare the graduates for their actual job needs. Many of them reported that they had felt some degrees of stress in the emergency situations due to lack of knowledge and practical competencies.
    Keywords: curriculum, emergency medicine workers, Need, job duties