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Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences - Volume:10 Issue: 4, Oct 2018

Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences
Volume:10 Issue: 4, Oct 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/07/23
  • تعداد عناوین: 4
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  • Fazlarabbi Khan , Farzana Saleh *, Md Faruque Pathan Page 1
    Background
    Studies on education with peer support for improving diabetes care among diabetes patients are relatively rare in developing countries, including Bangladesh.
    Objectives
    The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of diabetes education by health professionals versus peers for achieving targeted diabetes care among people with type 2 diabetes.
    Methods
    With a quasi-experimental design, 133 type 2 diabetes patients [hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) > 8%] were screened conveniently from the Outpatient Department of BIRDEM (the Tertiary Hospital of Diabetic Association of Bangladesh). Sixty-seven participants were guided by four professionals and 66 by eight peer educators. Following a predesigned curriculum, four professionals and eight peers provided two-hour diabetes education, once to the participants at the time of their enrollment. The changes observed in fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), knowledge, and lifestyles were compared after 12 weeks of the intervention and psychological support among 124 (59 for professionals and 65 for peers) participants. The mean age was (53.4 ± 10.4) years.
    Results
    In the peer-educated group, after the intervention, levels of FBG (3.9 ± 3.1 versus 6.7 ± 0.7), HbA1c (8.04 ± 1.1 versus 9.1 ± 1.5), and DBP (81.86 ± 13.1 versus 87.29 ± 8.2) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) compared to the health professional-educated group. After receiving education, levels of HbA1c, FBG, and SBP decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in both groups. The mean knowledge improved significantly (P = 0.0001) among the peer-guided participants. Approximately 6%, 65%, and 25% had good, average, and poor (GAP) knowledge about diabetes respectively before the intervention, whereas 15%, 63%, and 20% had GAP knowledge after the intervention.
    Conclusions
    The findings suggest that it is feasible to train peer educators with the necessary knowledge and skills to facilitate diabetes self-management.
    Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes_Peer Support_Diabetes Self-Management Education_Health Education_Bangladesh
  • Leila Jodakinia , Mohammadreza Yazdanipoor , Seyyed Hojat Mousavi Kordmiri , Mojtaba Haghighat , Mohammad Faridan * Page 2
    Background
    Obesity is one of the most important acquired and preventable risk factors for serious complications, such as fatty liver. Currently, due to sedentary nature of many jobs, shift working and improper diet, the risk of developing obesity among employees in occupational settings is a great concern. Periodic medical examination of employees is a major resource for taking preventive measures against the prevalence of work-related disorders.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to investigate the status of obesity and its predisposing occupational factors among employees of Karkheh dam and power plant and providing solutions to reduce the complications of obesity, such as blood lipids and fatty liver.
    Methods
    In this study, demographic and anthropometric data along with the results from medical examination were extracted from the employees' health records. Weight and height measurements were obtained using a weighbridge scale for determining body mass index (BMI). A frequency food questionnaire (FFQ) was used to measure the employees’ dietary intake. Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests were also employed to investigate the relationship between the indices.
    Results
    The results showed that 71.8% of employees were overweight and obese. Furthermore, 25.60% were shift workers, and 34.60% had performed jobs involving static work. According to the LDL, triglyceride and cholesterol levels, 37.2%, 51.3%, and 39.8% of employees were respectively at risk of developing serious illnesses. Based on the Chi-square test, there was a significant correlation between the BMI and the employees’ job (static or dynamic) (P value < 0.05). Likewise, there was a significant correlation between the level of triglyceride and BMI (P value > 0.05). There was also a notable relationship between employees’ BMI and consumption of fast food, soft drinks, fat and oil, sugar, and pastries and cakes (P value > 0.05).
    Conclusions
    It is evident that implementation of integrated programs, such as educational, motivational, and physical strategies along with promotion of healthy eating, will prevent BMI increase and incidence of fatty liver among employees.
    Keywords: Karkheh Dam, Obesity, Fatty Liver, Employees Nutrition
  • Kianoosh Pakpanah , Behnoush Khoshmanesh *, Fatemeh Razavian Page 3
    Background
    Work-family conflict, as a social parameter, can affect the concentration of individuals and the health of workers.
    Objectives
    The purpose of this study was to provide a model of work-family conflict theory and occupational accidents by taking into account important parameters such as job stress in one of the optical fiber transmission line projects.
    Methods
    The statistical population of the study was the staff of Tehran-Shahrood optical fiber transmission line. The present study was a correlational study on the descriptive/analytical cross-sectional type. A total of 225 individuals were selected as the statistical population. The 4-part questionnaire, including demographic questions, 18 questions regarding work-family conflict, 15 questions regarding job stress, and 39 questions regarding occupational accident were completed by the subjects. Data obtained from this study were analyzed by the PLS-SEM software, and the corresponding model was presented.
    Results
    The results of the study indicated that the proposed model well covered the indices of fit, and the factor loading of all parameters was significant. In addition, high-coefficient job stress could affect accident susceptivity and accident occurrence.
    Conclusions
    The reduction of work-family conflict, as a social indicator, which is a prerequisite for stress occurrence, can be effective in reducing the rate of occupational accidents, and the management system of organization can improve the safety level of the employees through optimal management of this important factor.
    Keywords: Work-Family Conflict, Job Stress, Occupational Accidents, Optical Fiber Line
  • Amir Hossein Baghaie*, Forough Aghili , Ali Hassani Joshaghani Page 4
    Background
    Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that affects plant growth and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce its concentration.
    Objectives
    This research was done to investigate the role of tire rubber ash enriched cow manure application to reduce Cd uptake by canola.
    Methods
    Treatments were consist of applying three levels of cow manure (0, 10 and 20 t ha-1), two levels of tire rubber ash (0 and 200 kg ha-1) in a Cd polluted soil (0, 5, 10 and 15 mg Cd (kg soil)-1). The Cd and Zinc (Zn) concentration of canola was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. This research was done as a factorial experiment in the layout of completely randomized block design with three replications.
    Results
    Applying 20 t ha-1 tire rubber ash enriched cow manure in 10 mg Cd (kg soil)-1 polluted soils decreased root Cd concentration by 30.1%, while the root Zn concentration was increased by 17%. In addition, applying the above amount of organic amendment in 15 mg Cd (kg soil)-1 polluted soils decreased grain Cd concentration by 45.7%, while the grain Zn concentration was increased by 27%. In addition, the aboveground biomass of plant was also increased by 30%.
    Conclusions
    The results of this study showed that enrichment of cow manure with tire rubber ash can decrease plant Cd concentration in Cd polluted soils (interaction effects of Cd and Zn), that is a positive point in environmental research. However, the type of plant and amount of pollution could not be ignored.
    Keywords: Environmental Pollution, Rubber, Cadmium, Zinc, Manure